xt70rx937t9n_245 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx937t9n/data/mets.xml https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx937t9n/data/46m4.dao.xml unknown 13.63 Cubic Feet 34 boxes, 2 folders, 3 items In safe - drawer 3 archival material 46m4 English University of Kentucky The physical rights to the materials in this collection are held by the University of Kentucky Special Collections Research Center. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Laura Clay papers Temperance. Women -- Political activity -- Kentucky. Women's rights -- Kentucky. Women's rights -- United States -- History. Women -- Suffrage -- Kentucky. Women -- Suffrage -- United States. General correspondence text General correspondence 2020 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx937t9n/data/46m4/Box_12/Folder_21/Multipage11651.pdf 1917 March 1917 1917 March section false xt70rx937t9n_245 xt70rx937t9n E, .C N E _ D . V O 9 0‘ General Feﬂcraiion Director Mrs. James A. Leech The Cortlnndt, Louisville DEPARTMENT CHAIRMEN Education Mrs. Cherie; P. Weave:- Kensihgton (Joint, Louisville ‘ Conservation Miss Amanda Roder: Danville Library Extension Miss Fannie Rawson Frankfort Civics Mrs. Andrew Campbell Paducah Civil Service Mrs. rank Johnson 942 First St, Louisville Legislative i lifts. Rlchaid ’i‘. Lowndes, Jr“ Danville 1 Ari: Mrs. Alfred Zembrod Lexington Music Miss Katherine Cochran Lexington Philanthropy Miss Rebecca Averill Frankfort History Mrs. VJ. T. Laﬁerty Lexington Press Mrs. George Starr Lexington Bureau Information Mrs. Marc Kean 4540 Third Ave., Louisville ‘1', 1 . Q «11-544. ' J. .6. ‘F ,i :,' mmﬁitrhg 2993mm cii’éﬂia iii . _ 'ilrmﬁhrni: mm. ﬁlm-rig: m Eariltiz Enierz‘urphurg, 333g. Fcéerutiau Sam-55’” v . nding Secretary {ichzml ,lI. Lacey 1/1 . ilni‘die B. Ripy Fire n kiln 1. ‘J L 4 icc‘?":'nsirieni ' ,4 - ‘ -' ‘ ' '- ‘Jis'29-Fi'65ident i125. Luther Willis. ' '1.” Ada, May Cromwell Shelbyville (mlcfort Senend Vice—President c. Auditor Mrs. George W. Grant . ll. G. Reynolds “airs. Jaizics Sims 1925 Highland Ave. l’zulucah Bowling Green Louisville i‘Io Ht Andover, a varoh 7, 1917. 1 My dear Miss Clay: I am delighted that i have been able to arrange for you to come to Andover for over qunday. I shall be happy indeed to see you once more. I will explain about the trqins from weWPOIt to Andover. If you leave uewport on the morning train, you will arrive in noncord about 9930 and can leave for Andover about 11 A.M. If you leave on the afternoon train, you wilt have to wait in Concord about three hours and reach Andover about 7-30. It will be much easier for you to come in the morning, reach Andover about noon. we shall be glad to have you here an extra half day. The people who will entertain you can meet you more easily on the noon train. Unless I hear to the contrary, we will expect you Saturday on the noon train. I intend to meet you if it is not too bad a day. You are to be entertained at the home of Rev. H.G. Ives. T am sorry I am.not situated so I can entertain you. They have a large and comfortable home so you can have a quiet, restful time over Sunday. I will explain that Andover is a very small place and many are sick. I am.afraid we shall have a small audience for you which troubles me but I thought it would be a good place for you to stay' over Sunday. We are planning to have you speak sunday evening. That will be better than Saturday evening. You can remain here until Monday afternoon when you go to Franklin for an afternoon meeting at the home of nrs. Griffin, president of the Woman' 5 Club. Tt seems toogood to be true that you are to be in New Hampshire a week and will come to this little town. It will seem like old tihes to me to see you. You any be assured I have always had a wonderful admiration for you and your de- voted service to the suffrage cause. Anticipating your visit, I am, Most cordially yours, main? Iﬂﬁnman gmffragr Assuriaﬁnn PRESIDENT MRS KATHARINE REED BALENTINE First Vice President. MRS. \VILLIAM R. PATTANGALL. - ' " ' Auditor, MRS. A. L. T. CUMMINGS, Portland. Augusta. Second Vice President, MRS. BENJAMIN BREWSTER, CONGRESSIONAL COUNSELLORS Portland. .. lst District—MR5. F. E. WOODRUFF, Brunswick. Corresponding Secretary, MIss HELEN Bytes, . . 65 Shermau_Street, Portland, 2nd District—MRS. OEADIAH GARDNER. Rockland. Recordirlipg Sclzcrejtary, MRS. EDWARD S. ANTHOINE, ’ _ > ,, 3rd District—MRS. HENRY W. Coma, Augusta. ort an . ' ' Treasurer, MRS. KATIE I. Luce, Old Orchard. 4th District— MRS. RQDPH K. JONES, Orono. 32 Deering Street, Portland, Maine, March v, 191?, Miss Laura. 01233;, A, 0/0 Miss Martha 3. Kimble, 92 North Main Street, Concord, N. HE My dear Miss Clay;- 1 have written to Mrs Livingston» our campaign manager, to arrange an.itinezary for you, if you desire to make make some speeches for us. She will write to Mrs Kimble direct, I have arranged a very important date for you in Portland, The/ Rotary CIub will here an anti speak before them March 16th at noon at the Falmouth Hotel in Portland. At their request I have announced that you will speak on our side. I shall expect you to stay with me while you are in Portland and trust you will let me know immediately if this arrangement is satisfactory, I am looking forward with much pleasure to meeting you again, Cordially yours, ' 7WW5W President Maine Waman Suffrage Association, 1916 New ﬂinmpﬁhirr Equal Smﬁ’ragp Annnriaﬁnn CORRESPONDING SECRETARY PRIESilﬂjNT " AUDITORS Mrs. Robert P. Johnston. MunchesLer Miss Martha S. Kimball, Portsmouth Mrs. Susan C. Bancroft, Concord RECORDING SECRETARY 131v v[CE—pREs[DENT Miss Anna. Stearns. Nashua Dr. Inez Ford Nuson. Dover Mrs. VVinsmn Churchill. Cornish TREASURER ' 2ND VICE-PRESIDENT Mrs. Vida. Chase Webb. Lisbon Mrs. Frank Knox, Mnnchest’er FIELD ORGANIZER Mrs. Mary Post. , will. :_ iKPniurkg Emmi Eighiﬁ Aaanriaﬁnn President MRS. JOHN “LOVER SOUTH, State Headquarters, Frainki'o 1 t First Vice President MRS. ROBINSON A. MCDOWELL, Louisville. Second Vice President MRS. JOSEPH ALDEBSON Middlesboro Third Vice President MRS. JAMES A. LEECH, Louisville Corresponding Secretary MRS. E. L. HUTCHINSON, Lexington Recording Secretary MRS. J. D. HAYS, Oweusboro Treasurer MRS. J. B. JUDAH, Louisville Auditor MRS. W. F. LILLARD, Lawrencoburg- Chairman of Campaign MRS. HARRY ii. WHITESIDE, Louisville State Member National Executive Council MRS. EDMUND M. POST, Pmiucnh Chairman of Congressional “’ork MRS. SANH'EL "ENNING, Lmlim‘ilii- COL. .,, M; {4/4WW - ﬂ iﬁg. i‘7i3 Alaikl \Vhite States, Full Sulfrage; Shaded States, Partial Suﬂrnge; Dotted State, Presidential, Municipal and Partial County Suffrage; Dark States, No Suﬂ‘rage. FRANKFORT.KYH Ti] Autumn-Q {Quark MISS LAURA CLAY. Lexington MRS. DESXIA BRECKINRIDGE, Lexington MRS. THOMAS JEFFERSON SMITH. Louisville MRS. JAMES BENNETT. Richmond MRS. JOHN B. CASTLEMAN, Louisville .‘lRH. S. .‘l. lll‘BBARn. llickmnn BEREA COLLEGE Berea, Kentucky ﬁrtaibrm’a 09ft?“ L 311 1‘1; C l .1217 , Lexington, ..,.:"-.:1'~:<1 wit; '1 qt ”roast :551ec1'illy nval and anﬂ0r3eﬁant o: ince3 of our: mm Formuonxsgulnb. ch Mn vovrsch 1 valuabe friend speaking this yard for Berna not at time Fitter u: with seems to F 33 so much. spectL F111 1v yours aim Sec '3; to. President Fr r35 . 1916 New ﬁampnhirp Equal S'uﬁ‘ragp Aaznriaﬁnn HEADQUARTERS, 92 NORTH MAIN ST.. CONCORD CORRESPONDING SECRETARY 5' PRESIDENT AUDITORS Mrs. Robert P. Johnston. Manchester Miss Muthn S. Kimball, Portsmouth Mrs. Susan C. Bancroft, Concord RECORDING SECRETARY IST VICE-PRESIDENT Miss Anna. Stearns. N‘Wh‘m Dr. Inez Ford anon, Dover Mrs. Winston Churchill. Cornish TREASURER 2ND VICE-PRESIDENT Mrs. Vida Chase Webb, Lisbon Mrs. Frank Knox. Manchester K FIELD ORGANIZER Mrs. Mary Post. maﬁa: ﬁlament gmffragv Awnriatinn PRESIDENT MRS. ARTHUR T. BALENTINE First Vi? President, MRS. \VILLIAM R. PATTANGALL. 32 DEERING $1.. PORTLAND Auditor, MRS. A. L. T. CUMMINGS. Portland. ugusta. Second Vice President. MR5. BENJAMIN BREWSTER, , CONGRESSIONAL COUNSELLORS 143 State Street. Portland. lst District—«MRS. F. E. WOODRUFP, Brunswick. Corres oudin Secretar . Miss HELEN BATES . . . . p65 Shgrman Suzet, Portland. ‘ .. 2nd District—MR5. OEADIAH GARDNER. Rookland. Recording Secretary, MRS. EDWARD S. ANTHOINE. 3rd District—MR5. HENRY W. Cons, Augusta. 87 E Treasurer, MRS. KATIE L. LUCE, mery Street. Portland. 4th District— MRS. RALPH K. JONES, Orono. Old Orchard. COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN: Campaign—MRS. DEBORAH KNox LIVINGSTON, Bangor. Literature—MRS. F. ERNEST HOLMAN, 141 Neal St.. Portland. Press—MISS ALICE LORD, Lewiston. FinanCHMRS. W. R. PATTANGALL, Augusta. EnrollmentuMRs. FRANK L. PALMER, Saco. Program—MR5. CHARLES H. DAvxs, Bangor. Printing and Supplies—IVIRS.AUGUSTA M. IIUN’X‘, 165 State St.. Portland. March 11. 19I7, My dear Miss ClayD Replying to your letter of Eliarch 9thB you will be asked to speak -:' twenty minutes at the Rotary Club next Friday, opening the dabate. The antipwho will follow you, is Mrs Merrill Hamlin, a current events lecturer, She spoke at the legislative hearing and scored many points for us. We look forward to 'owable time at this luncheon. On Thursday evening, at the mass meeting, you will be the principal speaker, I shall speak very briefly, introducing you» then you will speak» and then Mrs Livingston, our state organizer wiil speak and take up a collection, We shall be very glad to have you speak 0 on the progress of suffrage in the South or any subject that you may select, Kindly let me know just when you are coming. Yours cordially, HWWMKLKC L6 ’ Z' ’2 1’ 17% fl 1.. 'J j P A 1 4;” ,"‘\ ! ; fa, gvVVﬂé‘i/L / f .‘l \ ,' . (“/2 W /l//V71/ ﬂag/j, 1.1//'LV/L. 7 / , h A” V? J’ﬂw’z *J uni/“(9 , v ./ V. ki/iM/I/L jVJI , a” M ﬂ’“ [4;ij I? ﬂu SQUIHERJ HAYES WQA’EAN gtWi/TRAGE CONFERENEE KATE M. GORDON, Presidenty MRS. O. F. ELLENGTON, Rec. Sec’y7 1800 Prytunia. $22., New Orleans, La. AUDIEOPS *0 ‘AT . 7'" §..T.i1?>;L~ ,. 1’ - 7'11 ' ' Morauam If ' ‘ Mk) ’ ( d ' \11" LAURA CLAY, Vice-President nit Lauri, Lexington, Ky. MARIE LOUISE COLLENS, Cor. Sec’y, , ;_ , , ,V , 1339 Berlin 813., New amazing, La. HONORARY VICE~PE-aF.SIDE1-ITS Milk _ _ . MRS. OLIVER H. P. BJLMONT, 153 89110.12 Islandfsvc .Wasnmp;t:on,D.C, -V a r ~ . N0 " V' MKS. a. 3. BAR ELETT, Treasurer, W Y” CM 1-55 Audubon Boulevard, New Orleans, La. MRS HET EN GAT’ DINE‘i‘ “m“ "m“ D HEADQUART'E {~3- IDA PORTER~BOYER, Executive Sec’y, ,.; ‘ F W V 41% Camp Street. New Orleans, La. NLW CRL-uANL-c LA. ”March I?) 1917. Dear Member of the Official Board: We have reached a crisis in the work of our Southern Conference. We achieved our aim when the Democratic Party went on record for State rights' suffrage. Our judgment has been vindicated~~ "that until the Democratic Party went on record no Southern State would submit the question." I have further made the statement, in the name of the Conference, that the Democratic Party, for its own protection, will have the South in line and we will vote for the next president. Just how this will be adhieved is yet to be determined. The primary may be the medium employed in the one party States to get us through without submission. I presume you all realize that the primary right to vote excludes the Negro woman. We call our primaries "white primaries." I tried hard to get this qualification over in our 1912 hearing. You will readily see what a deathmknell this form of suffrage sounds to the ratification of a federal amendment. Personally, I feel most optimistic about the South, and if we had the money to continue as we have been working, I would be glad to do so, for the moral effect of a distinct southern suffrage organization, in sympathy with the traditions and poli~ cies of the dominant political party, is beyond discussion. I presume all of our board are aware of the fact that suffrage in the South is pure]_y a political proposition, propaganda, organ— ization, etc., etc., being beyond the issue. I have consulted both Miss Blackwell and Mrs. Harper for an unvarnished opinion on the value of the southern press service. They are enthusiastic as to its usefulness and therefore it does seem a pity to draw it to a close at the present time when the goal is within reach. Yet, my honest opinion on suffrage in the South is that it is one of party expediency and that the Democrat- ic Party cannot fail to act. Our greater seryice wQuld naturally be in the southernmborder States, where two well—defined parties exist. ‘ ” However, to continue, our expenses cannot be reduced below $4,000 annually, and this does not include stenographic help. To summarize: Mrs. Boyer‘s salary ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ $22000 Press service ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~**~—****'""'" 600 New SOUTHERN CITIMNM— — —— mm ~ 1. ~ - AAAAAAA l , 080 Incidentals (This can be r duced by adve*tis‘ . but the element of chanceenters into t a ate). nd cannot b“ a} a. upon in an estim— I could personally conduct the press work, but, of COUPS), it would be a poor substitute for Mrs. Boyer's magnificent work; but under no consideration would I attempt the publication of the magazine. It would mean, also, that our headquarters would have to be closed and the work conducted from my home. I have the wherewithal, if all pledges are paid, to carry on the work for another month or two. I will bring the matter before our local suffragists and see what they will contribute. My own opinion is that we Should make no public statement, but let the Conference continue in name, even though it does no active work. I do feel that next fall a southern conference in a southern State could be made of inestimable value in hastening the inevitable in the South. If you have any suggestions on the subject, let me hear from you at once. Cordially yours, iKqurkg ’quml Emma Aﬁanriaiiun President MRS. JOHN CLOVER SOUTH, State Headquarters, Frankfort First Vice President MRS. ROBINSON A. BICDOVVELL, Louisville. Second Vice President MRS. JOSEPH ALDERSON Middlesboro Third Vice President MRS. JAMES A. LEECH, Louisville Corresponding Secretary MRS. E. L. HUTCHINSON, Lexington Recording Secretary MRS. J. D. HAYS, Owensboro Treasurer MRS. J. B. JUDAH, Louisville Auditor MRS. W. F. LILLARD, Lawrenceburg Chairman of Campaign RIBS. HARRY R. “'HITESIDE, Louisville State Member National Executive Council )iliS. EDMUND )1. POST, l’nduonh Clmirmun of Congressional “’ork MRS. SAMI'HL IIEN‘NlNG. Louisville Ahuiﬁnrg 7151mm M 155 LAURA CLAY. Lexington MRS. DESHA BRECKINBIDGE, Lexington DUES. THOMAS JEFFERSON SMITH, Louisville MRS. JAMES BENNETT, Richmond MRS. JOHN B. CASTLEMAN, Louisville NIKH. S. .‘l. HUBBARD. Hickman \Vhlte States, Full Suffrage; Shaded States, Partial Sun’rago; Dotted State, Presidential, Municipal and Partial County Suii’rnge; Dnrk States, No Suﬂ‘ruge. ﬂu» FRANKFORT. KY.. , ’ . 7 IV-A Findings of the Unofficial Commission which met at the Holland House, New York City March 19-24, 1917 "To devise ways and means of a peaceful solution of our international crisis." INTRODUCTORY During the wool of March 19, 1917, an nnoFficiwl coemissi n gathered around the council table at the Hollano House. New Yrrk City. upon the invitatiOH of the Emer— gen07 Peace Federation to devrse ways and m one of solving the int”icate international crisis withOut resort to arms. The 00mmissioners, because of the press of other busi- ness, were not all able to attend all the seseiOns, but at least alquorum nus present at every gathering. The sessions took pl C; ram ton to one in the morning, and from three to six in the afternoon. The plan was due to a pressing sent" of the nerd of deliberate. balanced, con— structive discussion of the issues ccnfrontins this country ~ oisunssion quickened and broadened by the clash of difierirg points of View, different teahnica! equipment, different lines of approach. The invitation to take part in the commission gave short notice, and it was the more gratifying that the response was what it was acceptuno~ oiaen involving great ) personal inocnvsnience. Dr. Jordan came expressly from Calitornia not only to preside V A but to help organize the commission. Following w;= tha personnel o the commission: Dr. David Starr Jordan, CYJaKCollor Stenforo University, Ialifown ia, Chairman. Miss Emily Greene Balch, professor of economics at Well "ley College, Massachusetts. Joseph D. Cannoa, long identified with t.\ ﬁs‘tern Tole ntiDﬂ of Miners, Golorado. Edward P. dheney, professor of EuroPean qu:”ﬁ; at thr University of Pennsylvania. StOoghton Cooley, editor of "The Public," h»; York Sxty. William I. Hull, professor of History ahj 5 ~ r_ation 1 Relations at Soarthmore College, Pennsylvania. ‘Louis P. Lochner, former secretary of the Ford PeaCo Commie ion, L‘linois, secretary. John F“ Moors, broker. Boston, Massachusetts. H. A. Onerstreet. professor of Philosophy, City Uollege, New York. Arthur Le Sueur, legal odvisor f0? for: “1' organic tion , North fakota. Winter Russell, ttorney and publicist, New York. Mrs. Fanny Garrison Villard, chairman of the Emergenct Peace.Federation, New York. From day to day various persons versad in international affairs or Specially equipped with reference to technical matters coming before the mommission, appeared. Among these were Professor J” McKeen Cattell, nm;s Pinchot, Paul U. Kellogg, James P. WarbaSSe, Darwin J. Meserole, Professor Franz Boas, Charles T. Hillinan, and o the rs. The findings of the summission are embodied in the reC3mmendations or resolutions which follow. In addition, the commissiOu Sent a confidential communication to President Wilson, in which certain suggestions Were proffered. It is of course not suggested by the Commission that all of these recommendations should be put into effect simultaneously. an. serve rather as suggestions for va- rious alternatives out of the present impasse. ———_———- IV-C JOINT COMMISSION OF INQUIRY AND COMBILIATION. In View of the fact that the grett owntributiow which the United States can make to civilization during 1he prr-s sent war is :he chemfionship of neutral rights, and the advocacy of in iniwinc ion9l organ11. ion of guaranties of future peace — 9 policy in LOO 91d9h09 with ﬁne b9e t Ameri— can ideals and the prime schievemen‘s of \W risen diplomacy, including those of the administrations of Presidents Washington, John Adams, Lincoln and Wilson. We TUEPBCIfU13Y urge upon the 1‘? 2,9V, the Congr9es the United States of America ti :,udd-ast dunerehce to In pursuance of this policy we 199 51% President to offer to 9yn-Wirt 1W0 ioint High Oomm199io s of Inqui 9 and Con ili9tion with G1 met B11— tian 9nd Cermeny, e1peciiteiv. for the rurpose of agreeing at least up- on a EEODUE' VIVENDI — perl‘ 9 1 11 th: tvsin of t“. sec 9~9tion of London until the end of the present 1. which shm l 3"”3wgva eutruk rightsh 9933:03 OF hFrT‘ LITY IS I1 '“.ALITT1— 9n rmoértie1 eecertion of neutiel rights, en? 99 imperfiwl JiserV9rcw of neutral duties. The Joint Commiss:ons -f Inquiry E‘L “: _ 151t>.9 are 9 LEGAL, AMERICAN, 9nd preeminently successful means of maintaining our neutrality. MEDIATION The United States agreed with other nations at the Hague, th9t it could never be deemed 9n quriendly act For a n tion to o fer meiianicn either before or during a war. In accordance with their convention the United States has itself proffered its good offices to the he‘ligerents during the present conflict. The rumor now comes that a neutral nation is offering mediation in the ise ue betv:ees the United States and Germeny, 99d thet the United States government is contemplating the summary refusal of the tender. We submit tlet such 9 refusal on the part of the United States would be inconsistent with principles for which this country has stood. Should an offer of mediation be tendered, therefore, we urge that it be accepted. 0 Conference 01 n.eutr rals. The United States has, through its Prrs :ident, attempted to st9nd 99 a r oresentatlv of International Rightv. Individu9lly it hes suffered no _greater i.nfiing1;ment of its rishtc than severel other HEU? rsls, yet it has alre adv resorted. to m: re dreetic n 9 11 _ than any non— —helliperent, by breakine off r119t10ns and armin” '“1 1"1 Before :it takes any further step, eith r in M fendine its presl1we o: in assuming to establish.intern9tional law and repre.rnt neutral nations, it should call a conference of neutrals to clarify, and, if possible, unify the neutral attitude toward the illegal methods of all belligerents. Consequences of Entering the War Statistics show clearly that to send a considerable army to Europe would involve such a drain on our food resources as to plunge us into the famine conditions of Europe. The ooiuiar 1 99 the; war producing an IV-D embargo on the exportation of foodstuffs would lower prices here in the precise contrary of the real result to be expected. The idea that war wauld bring any real prosperity to the country at large is a cruel il— lusion, even though doubtless some individuals or industrial groups might profit for a time. If, on the other hand, the United States should adopt the suggestion of certain financial leaders and use money only, not armies, we should find ourselves as a nation merely an appendage to the financial system of London and New York City, there being already bonds, sold and unsold, covering thousands of millions of dollars awaiting endOrsement by the Government of the United States. A member of the Federal Reserve is quoted as saying: "As banker and creditor, the United States would have a place at the peace conference table, and be in a much better position to resist any proposed repudia— tion of debts, for it might as well be remembered that we will be forced to take up the cudgels for any of our citizens owning bonds that might be repudiated." We believe that to make war for the purpose thus ex- pressad would be a betrayal of every noble tradition of American Democ— racy. It would make of the republic a sort of assistant sheriff for the collection of bad debts of peoples bankrupted by war. To undertake to proteci by force any part of the European war debt in- volVes the protection of the entire debt and tends to encourge war for the extension of loans. It is not, or will not be the mere matter of the two and a half billions of loans already made in Europe by American financiers, nor the further billions contemplated for that purpose, but the seven y-five to one hundred billions of which they would be a part, most or all of which would have to be protected if any of it is protect- ed. Thus the control of the world would be put into the hands of the Unseen Empire of finance. REFERENDUM We hold: First: That the vesting in Congress of the sole pomer to declare war should not in any way be rendered formal or illusory; Second: That there should be no declaration of the existence of a state of war without a vote of Congress to that effect; Third: That Congress should neither declare war, nor declare the exis- tence of a state of war, without considering the result of a previous advisory popular referendum. Ladies and Gentlemen: I left the Charnel House of EurOpe a little over two months ago. On every hand there was evidence that the peoples — the rank and file — of Allied and Teuton coali— tion alike were prayerfully looking to the United States to lead them out of the un- speakable agony into which they had been dragged through no fault of theirs. America to them was the embodiment of liberty, of democracy, of freedom of speech, of stead- fast Opposition to military conscription. They were vell aware that they had not been consulted uxitil after their governments had declared war, nor until it became neces- sary to vote the war credits: with Karl Liebknccht they said, "Nowhere have the masses desired this war;" and in America, they felt, it would be impossible to launch a war without consulting the people. When the news came to us over there of the re—election of President Wilson, I happened to be ezcr aged in a visi; to the ve rious neutral countries of Europe. You would have been touched, as indeed I was, to see how my friends and even remoter ac- quaintances came to co ngr ratulate me as an American upon the result. ”For," said they, “it means that now your President has the endorsement of the nation for keeping America out of war. No matter what crisis may arise. America will hold him to his pledge to keep the country out of war." Wherever I went, America was looked upon as the great peace pewer of the world. I came away from Europe with a keen sense of the horror of what has been go- ing on for over two years. I had recentlv been in! lologn ,. theie at the great rail- road stat ion a military band was playing {we aixs to dispel the gloom of the soldiers as they were being marched off to the front like so many cattle to kill people whom they had never seen before or d with them they had no real quarrel. I had seen the exchange of ﬁustri.e.n en.d R:.s an two nded prisoners at Hallsberg, in Sweden, had seen whol.e carloads of cons 1:mptiv 0 char carlcads with men deprived of one or both legs, special care um th ins ans 1 _ , with men from whom their very bowels had been torn - a ghastly sight. that :orld metropolis, Lendon transformed into a dark 5, unlighted GOlanv village because of t~e fe-r of a Ze: ir att tack, and had been. subjected to miliie.ry reg113tious 1hich, thm~ g~"r» I should hzave deemed impossible in as demo1ra ic a cOuntrv1n waglanu. a" n groups of 20 or 30 German children come from time to t'- to “rho Hague as thd guests of humanitarian Hollanders, to be fed up before returning to the misery of their fatherlend. From the agents of ur Neutral Conference in various centers I knezr scmething of the stormy scenes in the French Chamber of Deputies, where the representat Gives of labor were de~ claring that the limit of their endurance had been reached. I knew something of the chaotic conditions prevailing in Russia, where only the most i1 on-fisted discipline could hold the hungry masse in leash; 1m1ew somethi 1g of thv fr m£quent cabinet changes in Austria, precipitated byS internal unr e;t; knee :ome thing oi the yearning of the Belgians, with many of whom I came in daily contact in Holland, for the coming of a better day, and of their implicit confidence that the same country which was feeding and clothing them would also lead the world to a truly democratic peace. This is the Europe I left two months ago. This is the Europe I came to pic- ture to President Wilson and to my friends and co—workers in the peace movement. This is the Europe which I came to ask my fellow citizens to save from itself before it was too late. Nothing brought greater joy to my heart than that h.storic speech of the President before the Senate on January‘ 32nd, in which Mr. Wilson makes himself the standard bearer of those silent millions upon millions throughout the length and breadth of Europe who, like him, cherish ttze ideals of ngoinheot by the consent of the governed, of the right of all n1t1ons , big and small, to decide their own fate, of freedom of the seas, of disarmament by international agreement, and of a real partnership of the nations in a league of peace — those silent millions, I say, in Germany, Russia, France, Engla‘1 Lust: 7 and elsewhere, who have lost the 2 ﬁght of free speech, who have been sent ' ,3 ‘ 11 they protested against war, or who have 1per¢ Haunt: rpm the innocnwt neutrals, ”tmpmhmr. anoinct the ”HF lojxrian we chance to So I "1‘ nomrml belli «911.11.. 311111.; ‘rwan ports i” n11 intenned as an intol ,1enco with ".rlne h ochnde order in not aimed at Lmoricnn 5h V .“crﬂ 1 am FODan) Confidently to tie , . h _ j_ns is, ; "eling3 they w;ml he made to go ofj no the Mortn 'ole an d not block VJ trn.ffic! I heartily agree with the that, to quote hit 1 ’~ 1 n: ech in the Senate, ”the paths of the sea ‘ and in not be from 1" I inoist that the method for translating ' ny1cticcl p11iugcn 1: ”3 fcrco o, m1:w_ is not 1CTH;.TTd trio“, OHDtJ = Presidentg a oo1mon c:_1ﬁcr‘+ " ‘ a "23' object.“ M 1 .his 1d.3€2. Of the 13cd1m of _ host t‘rct 1, we (I 1:, V concoiveble in} nutubnt of Jntr1r ” . v? 3 511“ and Touton 9,1“: _1* rather when the mad dgnccl of daoth sha1l hw e;‘ *1; when the natic e, " ixi'j tic.‘ reason, shall thcr arcane he con 01] '1 agree upon ' '1 .co for w?*c ch they all nrofe ss to be Again to thcn, arc he to do in this crisis? Firct‘cf all, I would have 6 cry ‘ ach his children, every paetor remind him :l.ock, t1e whol 0 world throat: ere thﬂ he announced tie severance of diplomatic relat101s one man 7- . ; . emnlores, these words of our President, addressed to ”we do L"J 1*i; 1 ; ale conf'ict1vith the Imperial (German) Gc‘f We ire the _ .ar' 3 itm'a T the Gcrma n people, a1nd rt1n1s ly desire to remain peace with the Govern" 1‘ 1:.vh speaks f0; them." it ever; nt

p1ug ugln 17: ':11 3- " 3 .-13 an lusinesm UT _uta 1mmmﬂ‘ tha spa '7Gans they do ah» Lulopcag1ahass game. ...wn 1_n:u ”U'IHJf-HC“) 1n3311 spirit 'qmvwﬂnm3n?’ rlrht aﬁvwhare . . fram sav- Drnue1: ‘ .'C 1 .‘e nobodv1f wignty as if no 113 1enad to an i1k]!ﬂb that . @31mm:1p to a tmst right in mur people Hhould haVH thv right to aay whﬁther they slut to fight anothar 11"r whether they W»at to kill and be killed. We ara not in tha hnbit of check to the PFUJ11 nt or to Congr3.s 1n othwr matters Thvn why 3&3 t3 tht3 most Fm? 01M mt and most funds amental cuest:ioz1~nfrﬁntmnv the Imarica n '3 a blank check. 1111 in anything vcu 319381. Our b10m1, "Mr. Pr mident, he1a 1. treasures, ”UT LaPpinG E, our individual cansv,r1ru - 1111 in antthing You Please. 1' ”3 that a walthy COUEBF 10? an enli5 htened dwmncra'v to take” F w my part, in that if ever there was a time w] a refers ndum 0F the paople was jL15 :i' now, when war or peace are hanging in the balance. on wnulc arise which quld . own counkryo Prraly it u a aocracy tha i chat 3 ti’~ time when, more than ever, Fifth: Is i.t not tragic to think Ir up mar difficultimg, we o1ght to he ";5otiating 111+ h G1rmany in Ln .1 ,=Zordsy declared, "Our 3 some are Germany eir only means ;3 learning Gexvuazyy’:' . reach Cut: no cg*‘ W3 re1 fire I" you W111 ' ‘ ' to the effect erlin via Router. cut off? Lat the very first thing our Government ought to talk things over with Geiauny. That’s what Justice John Ja' over to England when Great Britain was vrampling on our rights upon the seas and many people in America were clamoring tor war. War was averted because Washington had the courage to stand out against war. it was ;;t to .isw :;' i; (3 3 vii. on became so despondent tiat on end ' rﬁz'. 7» :fif .1 2’ st ‘ _h& ‘2‘»: :en born. And yet - today he "first in “.c ' ' JlS countrymen.“ That ; slat John Adams did in 1800, when - freedom of the c Against the will of his party and scmmissioners to France, even after hos- alrcady commented, , 2 ‘.BE= over, and they returned with the diffi- culty amic