xt70rx93960g https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt70rx93960g/data/mets.xml  University of Kentucky 1889 journals  English Frankfort, Ky. : Capital Office, E. Polk Johnson, 1890-1948 Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Second Annual Report of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, 1889 text Second Annual Report of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station, 1889 1889 2015 true xt70rx93960g section xt70rx93960g  
  SECOND K   ji " 
 `       A  
  ANNUAL REPORT A  
* . .  
.    ·A}1      
 f` KENTUCKY      
»   KculturalExpcr1mcntStat10n    
 A RATE COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY. K; 
  FRANKF<>Ii'l`. KY.:   E
_ Pmm·m> my Tm; C.\1’I'I'AI, l’mx*mx¤ <.‘·»>1pAxa·. gt;
  1>1v2, b   ;

 5
, 1" J
‘ ·* .
, ¤>  2 V:
M  ·— ¤
r 1 '
. Y1  V
yl"
` M'.
1 TZ `
' *11 -
Y Y ·
4* —
~~* . ¤
I IM .
. ’ H `
{ .  _
I V `
5   I
‘ A
Y fl . `
if ` E
é lf ;
I ”° ¥
5 :Q:‘
E  
Z QW `
a  
E  j "
  W4
.» g, E
2* w \
T * ' \
E 1   ~ '
i ’ jh .
5 ·‘ii‘s
A
§ %*
Z Q? ‘
; '.¤
" H ‘ .
r Q
F   Z
1- `{
k `
[  
F rt}
E J' ‘
Q Q`} ·
i  
e rh
· »,~/ .
i iii
I .14
Q as
, fe
  if
f G}  I
g- 33 ·. 
I ·` _
Q V · .
i 'C   J
  g  R SE ;
Z Y ¤
I Y
Q

  
fi
     EY *.  C; ·  }·
     ;
  ȴ?"$ 
‘ .. · ,s
L    
· ‘  
 i I3?
I > O:
. ` Fg;
A *$
— V    
. '   1
· ii;
*:--4
` ixf i
. ';__
` iz ·
} ‘ I
2 2
{ i
‘ . `F  
- if i
 . 1 {TL   
§%5 -
:‘_'—!:·  
» iw _
‘ ‘ E  4
  1
Ni =
=  
Z $3
 I vii}
 24: ,·»°  
  { V · .  `
i
 
2*
V
as

 .   . f Y' A g
   
tif _  
I      
; isi; “
? iii ·
   " 
  , _ LETTER OE TRANSlVllTTAL. ;
    To His Erccllency. GEN. S. B. BUGKNER, Governor of Ken, .
1 li,
  tacky .· ‘
    E DEAR SIR: Under the authority of the Board of Control, ant`;  
  ii; ‘ in accordance with an act of Congress, approved March 2, 1887, i
    and entitled "An act to establish Agricultural Experiinenq
  if t , Stations in connection with the Agricultural Colleges estab A
  gg;] , · lished in the several States, under the provisions of an act,
    · approved July 2, 1862, and of the acts supplementary thereto}
    and of an act of the Legislature of the State of Kentucky. ,
    approved February 20, 1888, and entitled "An act to accep:
    the provisions of an act passed by the Congress of the United »
    States, approved March 2, 1887, for the establishment and A
    maintenance of Agricultural Experiment Stations in couner- ,
    . tion with the Agricultural Colleges established by the severai ,
Q   · States and Territories under the act of Congress, approved Jul _·l. ,
    2, 1862," I hereby submit the Second Annual Report of thi .
    Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station.
§ Si Very respectfully,  »
    M. A. Soovntn, D/z77·ect0v·.  .
    lh2BRUA1—:Y, 1, 1890. A
  iii ,
l {QJ
   
i   v_
     t
     
 `

 §,
if
`   ~ +5-7
  l  *2;*   Q
 {   ‘ · 'éo ,
  ‘ , glib -, _ ,
 _ { V r {Y *-. z
, ai:
. gl
,+5
_ tie}
e gf
I ~ ‘  
 P Q
1 IS
· P  
s ‘· 5,; ,
Hz 1
• 7 g
5~  
Z _ ERRATA.  
' . ii
Page 19, last. line, for ni/wnmr read uuimz/mx ,  
- ` n0.'» -
r‘ . . ‘ lr »
" Page 20, iirst, line, fm- anfmnzw read u1memm_   ,
7, . . , . Fi ·
, Page 21, near top, for ()c.
_ I Page 27, 116:211* tmp, for I)i.9U)l:I/l'(l read ])i.w0n_g/le/m. . —
_ Page 42, feurtli and fifteenth lines from top, for izmxzulie read ¤·azv·¢·u/io. ·   _
  ` Page 96, ihurtli line frmn betmin, {`n1·_r'»2»·/rw·lize1· read _/`c·1·fi/iam-. ’,»  
lr? ·. {
M _ · E
¤ ¥ v l
i 2
·   f
 2% 2
‘ li? L
 . , · el? $
" :5/ j
` ifs ·
$,3, -
 ~ em :
‘·1
. Sa
i   I
* i   .
`   I ·,· i
wise `  
, . ' J;
 
!
"a
P
i’

 §
,_ I ' U . V  
¥ *  
M  ,  
'U. V E
{M  . *
XC
{I
iis ·  »
I1 T
· N'; `
» :*1 L
Z df _ _
1 M ,
j".: ·
.’\ ,  .
'?< V
I F ·
Z Z} I
, ‘ Q »
i
f ‘ .
S ]>
? { , `
:   V
  >'< .
i :4
· N .
I J`
i ( L· .
: Nat .
. AJ` .
£ Fl-!
’ ·’|
·) W .
3  
  Y1} ‘
· E
5 .   ,
  $  €:a*   i
2 sl ·
e *1
5 M .
; ’{a
1 ';¥ >
[ V .
x li
Q '
i yi >
€ ri
i  
R Qt
3 Yi? i
F H
9 is %
é   ’ 
Q A
E ,\ ,
5 L;
:   f
. M  {
· ·1,~ ,
lv K  ,
§· 2  ‘
! , ` xi
g · 7  .;i-QQ
' I V .  
E 1
. `* 7
1 él
Z > .
€

  
g - :» . V  T ‘¤· ·: ;  .
 if      · »_
    .    
 j . h‘ A  
_ 5.%
. W
. ·\»’§
‘ 7 ’ \:»
. . — ·, ` {ij
i_r;
Y-:
 O ‘T OI` O]`1`IC]]RF’ gi ’
. LIS # 1 * * S. » gg.
· BOARD OF CONTROL. ·   I
· .57 .
»~ UH. ll. J. SI’l`RI{, C]l2li1'lll1lll, fg  
.|l`I)(,l}C VV. I5. l{INl{1·].~\D, (.`}l:liI`lllit|l ·>I` lCx<~<·uLix<· (.`r•mr1¤i1L<·<·.   · `
\\'. D. N1(.TI’I<}L;\N, T1·0:1»u1·<—1·.    
.Il`l)(}I<] P. P. J<.)HNST<»N.  
PHI}., Bllil). "
 V Ii. A. SPVRR. i
l)lI. .1. I), (VLAHDY.   {
J. li. I’.\T'[`I·]]iSf>N. 1’1·:.·»i·.h~11L ··i`1Iw {`·»ll·eg4·.    
_ BI. .\. S(_`¢)\'l·]I4l., I)i1·1*<·1<>1·. 5w·1·¢·L:11‘y. O ~' `  
 { STATION OFFICERS- *
XI, .\. SCUVICLI., v])il‘f:<‘l.<»1‘. A 1
.\. M. PICTEH, As>i>t:mi. (`I1u1¤1ist,    
P II. IC. CURTIS. Sr:<¤¤»n{l A>sisL:mt (}l1n·111ist. {  
U. GAHHAX, I·]11tm110]¤wgit,   1
_ \. 'I`. 1’A'I·ll{l<]li. ]¥.[i<·11»sc¤»]`1ist.    
 V -¥.\ MES MLYRRA Y. 1’¤·;’u·Li<·;ml 1lm·Lh·n1IL¤11·¤e. — fl  
· <'. L. CURTIS, .·\ssi>L:u1t .\g1·i<>ultu1·i.—t Y; F
\\ NI. E. }iL.\C1{. SCL‘l`()[2l1'}' and SL·:110gmpl1¤;1·.    
. Ad  
S  * . .5 `_=. A  ‘
. M I ii.
S
2
ii

 T  
  l  
lp  . IEE!
lt?  `  
qi; , 4 l{l*Zl’Ol{'l` OF THE  1 ,
- ${5*, , T - » Y- 7 V v V K, .  I
g ,45 17/ M AGR/UZ/L Tl»]£llL JLXZJERIBIEAT T STrlTl(}l1 /_\’
? at ' Y .. , . . .. , ; i
it A OOO  1`VT ll 1 YYZ TJYE (~’J\T[ZE’D ST/l 72%% ~
g   l l PPROPR /:1 TZOA`.  _
W, ism H Wl   'TK"— l
  E 'l`o receipts from the ll`l‘L*:l>lll`t‘I' ¤·l` tlu· United Status, as per appropria-
` " tion for ilsvul year emling .lum_· :}0tl1, 1380, under not ol` (,‘¤n1g1·<·>s. -
_'·`L ‘ . upprovrul ][Ill‘L'll 2Ll, lS$7 .... . ............... Sl l,t‘ I Aj  _
Q   lK;.l;m··t· in hands of 'l`1·easur ...................... $ll,O|'}—l US ‘
 el,} By labor . ...................... 2,-llil W5 `
{   , By supplies. ..................... 1,506 lll
    liy freight and express. ................ 200 U3  _
    _ By postage and Sll2llLlOIll‘l'}' ............... l=3»l I0 Q
{ *j By printing, ..........,.......... NTT li() T [l
{ pj. Hy lllll':ll`}' .... . ...,. . ........... 282 lil
{ "` By tools, 1mplex11e11tsand l1li\L'lllll£?l`}` .......... SOR 23 lll
l _Y,` , Iiy eliciiiicul apparatus uml supplies, .......... 1,127 ll) W
;   , By scieutilic uppuralua ............. . . . {W2 221 °_'
{   i ` ` By l`urnitur<~ ........ . ............ 4152 22 . {Q
v_ QVQQ V Ily live stock ..................... G9 29 ·
Q   l}_x· traveling expenses , ................ TT NS »
{   By incidcntuls .................... T2 25
{ [Rl lly lu1ilcli11g . .................... T50 110 I
    By seeds. fl.em·iug uull ('l$t(‘I'll . ............. 234- 82 ,.,
    7...;; $]T,_¤ QM llw
  ;l\~j§ ‘ -— l`**
’ kl' ~ . . . . . . z , ,
    \Ve, the undersigned, duly appointed auditors lor the 1 sul- _ *5
¤· ..—<¤ . . . . .  .
   JL; tuticn, hereby certify that we have examined the books an» the .
: l ·§’g1_g - . . . . . .\
l  3,;-·) _ accounts of the Expemment Station of the Agricultural tml  . “·
    Mechanical College of Kentucky, for the fiscal year en lu; lll
    June 30th, 1880; that we have found the same well kept wml ,
l QQ T correctly classified, as above, and that the receipts for the imc j
Q lf] named are shown to have been $15,000.00, and the corresp»uiiii _ N", 7,. `  
 
` <»ueAXizA<1‘1oN.  
i R-!
 -   Station is governed by a Board of Control, consisting of ·   I
 ° tit.-- .j;;ecutive Committee of the Board of Trustees, the Presi-   »
ile-, et the College, and the Director of the Station. The   5
aw we of this Board are subject to the Board of Trustees of   ?
. tlt·· Tollege,  
`_ 1ceriments undertaken by Prof. J. H. Con- - O   T
` rv _ El
,,_ [U ‘ Mi. The object was iirst to test the relative value of our   ‘
·t»·mt T limit i'<>l?lll1OH hog feeds, namely, shelled corn and corn-meal. in   ‘
  the ·-ist of pork per pound; second, to test the relative value  
p oi ima-<:ob meal as compared with corn and corn—meal. Third,   ;
"     W NW1 the length of time that these feeds WOllld p1‘Odl1C€ ]}O1`li K   ‘
aj'?   ·  
T 5 I. “· 
i
Yi

  
Hg $3
1,1, . (J 111·:i>oR'r or Tllli  p ’
‘ ’2Yg ` · ‘
1 3;% at a paying figure ; fourth, to test the feeding of highly 11111111,
    . genous food versus 1lOH-l`llt1'O§.{€IlOllS food. The results in 1%:1111 _
  are given in Bulletin No. IQ, printed in this report on ,11yt  
1   ——. Professor Connell reached the following conclusions 11111111  
i PQ', the experiments :  .
  ; First, shelled corn produces fat more rapidly than othe1·   ·»r» 111 _
. IQ p tested; second, corn produces fat at :1 cheaper rate than 1 iter  ·
Q lj feeds stated; thrid, nitrogenous foods produced so little ~;1i11 1
g   in live weight that it may be attributed to growth and not {at 1
Q   tening. A mixture of cotton-seed meal with other foods 1115
111, _ _ ,` 
1,, ted unprohtably. 1
    4 ll. Fer!z`7iz@r (lm[1·o7 ll'orZ‘.—i-\ large part of the tin - (lll `
    · l'l}€(,ill€I1l1Sl has been oceiipied in :111z1lyz111g comniercial l 11l— 1
E 11; izers, both officially and for farmers. The analyses of Sill" lee
  SQ sent in by maniifacturers, in r·ompliance with the Statelau ne
    , · given in Bulletin No. QU, to whieli have been added tl 1~1v i
:   ‘ analyses made since the publication of the Bulletin. e
f   The anal ses made for farmers are re iorted to the 111 ies
1 n;1 —
1 {JQ, concerned, and have not been published. ln most 1nst:-1~es —
  Ei? 1 the show a reasonably close aereement witl1 the m2lHllf2I(’ll7 ·l’F` _
. . 21
    samples T
1   1 1 .
  {ttl lll. Fzehl flvrper11·22ze111!.»·.—'|`he field expernneiits under l1 :111-  »
    " way are: First, tests of varieties, including wheat. oats, 1 1111-
Z ttl ‘ - -
i gt toes, sorghum, strawberries a11d other small fruits; ser 111l. 1
    field tests of fertilizers on wheat, corn, potatoes, hemp, toln rn. 1
i-   , oats )2lSCl'll'B and meadow; third tests of different O`l'tl'=*51  1
> jx 7 , 3 (7
§ fj fourth, the effect of different ways of planting and cultiv lll!  .
  , .
, :,I of wheat, oats and corn. These 1'€Sllll'S are not concluded. 1
  it The results of this year`s trial on wheat and potatoes llli “ lr
F if . - `
1 1,_1 found in bulletins number twenty~one and twenty-two. 1
. gn} ‘
  if ln connection with the held experiments, analyses ol W-
ii . . . . .. , ·
  tl ducts have been made to stud 1 the effect ot different f€1`tll¥%*?l" 1
¢ 1:
  1;, on corn and grass. ‘
e x· ,
    <·1i1·:11i1Q¤AL \vo111{.  1
‘ I5
P   As already stated, the chemical work has been 111ainly:rs111l-  ,
;· Ei ysis of fertilizers and of products from the field experi1n~11ts.  Q
t` Zi , _ _ _ ,, ,
! ·, However considerable time has been s vent in studvinv 111e111l·1l¤  a
1 V- ’ L an  ».,1
i
e

  
 Ai;A»» ’ ¥>?`ll1')OSF% of comparison. " Ei
~ ¤· ~  
 U`,4 , E ` - ;_'§
~ 1** .1  4; _»e;e;11 number oi analyses have been made 111 the study of _ ·_ ig
wm J 11... 1{_je1da1i] method for nitrogen and nitrates. ` T  
I _. E .`d` 1
1,
*—··?~ . 1>1·:I*A1<‘1‘A11·;N’1‘ 111* IeN'1‘<1AIoLoGY .r\N1> 1%oT.\NY.  
· ° 1"¥
* }`*“1` _ . . . . . 1 . . 1 V;
i_ ‘ =   U. Garman, formerly or the University ot IIIIDOIS, has gm; ;
11lI1 7 . _ _ _ 1 * 4
_ T ° M ——»+eu1·ed as Entomologist and Botanist oi the Station, and 1 ig;
F. :€I — . . . . . .   .
 . lg 1»111e1·ed upon IIIS work. His work is given U1 deta11 under ¥g
“ "2lS . , YJ
. 1; ~ `?~·l>2ll`YTY1<:‘]1*K of Iuntoniology and Botany. S;
 _ 1   l
* I "i l’Ul}l,I<)AT[(>NS,   Q
k‘ 21l— i   ‘
_ 1 _ i ·; i.illii€t1I']S have been iubhshed this iear. and are incor-   3
i` M*` ’ . - /   >
X     . &1»·1 in this report. About ten thousand copies of each of   §
] My . · » iliulletins have been distributed in the State.  
_ [Signed] M. A. Soovnm, [JJ/·e0Z07·. A ._
2. IM    
g 1‘E*$ _ }"_  
1· 1s` i
i iid- '~ i
1 »1:1- i    
1· ini.    
1, ·1‘l1.    
1 ‘ #51 ` I  
. V. f
~ iu! j; i
gl ` *21 g
W I 1   i
‘ ’1£ 5
` 111-   -
11r~1< V 1   j
n Ti  ‘
` A av? .
:.1.1}-  Z  
1··11zs. 1 _ ii? 2
`hmii  ;   K I   ·
_ :.:3.1
i
 -
¥

 .  . W if";  
id  `
it  `  
x    
   
»   Y S nni»on1· or inn  
. jj  :
3   T  .
i   A DEPARTi¤[E1\’7‘OF E1VTOJ[OLOG’ Y AND ]>’OTA.N})  {
Li 2 _ OZ)S€7"DCLZ’Z'O7ZS 002 [}@j.’lL’l`I'O’Z(·\‘ Jvzsccls and Fzmgi. _  
Z   T ’ ns: n. GARMAN, icxrmiorocisrr AND no·rAN1sr.  T
I .'.‘4 _ /
    ——~—~e eeee new  . i
2 lbs. e e  ’ 1
  jj NOTES or run Sl·]AS()i\', ·_ I
    The most notable insect outbreak of the season was that of  A t·
    ` the grain louse (SzTp7w0Lop7wm arvemr), which did a great +:11 . 1
  ET of injury to wheat and oats in the spring. i\Vhen these   ins  s ll
    ; ‘ were cut the insect was lost sight of by farmers, and not lng T yi
    Q ` ` i was heard of it until late in the fall, when it appeared agai. on T vi
    “ winter wheat in such numbers as to att1·act attention. `ile il
    mild winter kept the wheat growing until March, in the  ily
    part of which month sudden frosts killed it to the grouiw in M
    . many places and put a stop to the work of the lice. Up tw his   l
    time, the plant lice had been active and injurious, being e~-   _ il
    ially destructive in the counties in the south—western pa cl  _ 1*
    » the State. The injury would doubtless have been more s~— ar j VF
    ' if it had not been for the prevailing dampness in the fields. tilt ‘ lll
    to frequent rains. This condition of weather induced an ill
    _ epidemic disease among the lice. which destroyed them in yu exit ` lr
{   numbers, and it is altogether probable that the three speciw of ` l>l
    parasitic fungi noticed as engaged in the work would = ur *l*
    reduced the numbers of the lice to such an extent that W fla g tb
    injury would have been done the succeeding spring. The ~»l¤l T A
    weather of March seemed, however, to finish the good w vli, lll
    numbers of the exposed lice being destroyed on the blv    j lll
    and no complaints have reached us since of the presence of W  . IW
i   in fields. Since last summer, grain lice taken from corn Mw il}
    been kept confined in growing wheat and bluegrass ai tllt W
g   Station, and during the whole of this time have reprcd"·‘€¢l   lll
;   viviparously. Those observed out of doors during the wlzitvf   TUS
    were also viviparous.   . llll
  T   Another insect, which claimed attention from its abundant`?   lill
»·
§

 __ I i   ‘'»»  tz ;Z ·  yy
 Ei ,` _l   *
  AGl{lCUL’l'Ul{AL PDXPIQHIBIENT srixrrox, 9· I `Z`   ,;» _. 
f  r111u injuries, is the corn root-worm. This insect has now been j V ‘ I  
FL  . a,i;.>wed at the Station through the whole winter, and found l if »`  
Q  to hibernate as an adult beetle. Its abundance, together with _ jig
{ 11s wide distribution in the United States, are calculated _tol — `    
 ‘ ]llRi{t‘ it a very troublesome pest, if, as seems probable, it is ·   {Jia
. just acquiring the corninfesting habit.  
 - 'l`?¤.» cabbage worms, of which there are two species (1*/¢or:*r or rrnrc  i_ T
‘ ill? { T
    inevitable reduction in the weight of infested stock will or-mr.  r ` f
L   I SiOI1 21 loss to farmers of at least twice as much more,  ~· l
p   Of such insects as the chinch-bug, hessian-fly and army.  { 1
    worm, but little was seen, and no reports reached me of s»—¤er~.·  2 zi
{fg injury from them. V Y
  EV In general, the season was clraracterized by a scarcity of l
Q   - insects, a fact which bore a direct relation to an unusual abi al.  ‘ l
E   ance of parasitic fungi, and an indirect one to the freq »-in ~ l`
    rains of the fore part of the season. Most of the insects w .i¤·lr  . li
iz   were given any thing approachingclose attention were four   ni  A ¥`
V  ,3} be infested with one or· rnor·e of these parasitic plants. ·`li+· {_ ll
    I grain louse was attacked by three distinct species of .l·lrng sa. i f
  Eg V A new corn insect. mentioned below, was very frequently if wl . il
  gg clinging to the blades, dead from the attacks of Jimr mr if
l fjg V gyryflf. The blackened bodies of the common r·oad grassln per V l"
  gig Q · (/)e'.s*.s·o/e/nr ca·rcZz“1w) were everywhere found bearing the si tres -.  
    t of the same fungus. The tarnished plant bug, several .;rll A "“
    leafhoppers, caterpillars, known as woolly bears, a spec uf I _
    Aphodius, the corn root-worm and other insects noted. ere ll
    affected by epidemic diseases due to these fungi. The gt wail r T
    scarcity of the codling-moth, though not absolutely trar i tu if
    this cause, was very probably, I believe, occasioned by vegi w2l>l~ (ll
    . parasites of this kind.  — lf
{   ‘ lVitlr the general scarcity of insect pests was a correspo lin; lll
    abundance of the fungus pests of the farm. Apples +1+
    T found to be infested with three species of parasitic fungi turf T
E {T2 T nrauy bushels were lost from their destructive work. _
    Potatoes suffered from a peculiar blight, closely resen· in;
    in its final effects the well-known potato rnurrain. s
  ii? A very singular and destructive disease appeared it ile V
    latter part of summer on tobacco grown on the tr first
    QYOIIHCTS. The early symptoms of its presence were a } -llvl“‘  
    rape, an injury unlike any known to me which has been 1‘€l**~ll`f'?’l  __
 
t

 { gv . · . bg? { , l'
  , ·· ja    l
 ’   · i··.-te ‘.`· r 
 . T , -  '
 ‘» AGRIC UL'l`UR.\L 1·1XPERUr1tN’r s'1‘lxTtoN. 11 - e·  
 V. t _ ;_,,¤
, , A ·¤, » I mis countr 1 The varasite in tl1is case is one ot the iiower- 4 i l it
},.pu_ A ll kl . 4 '&g
 . · i I ngtnts which is de iendent on other iiowerina vlants for sus- , ·` {us
 _ llla _ r-i .,,5
I, W { m,,;i.·t»_ and by robbing them of this prevents their complete , 213;,
" . ` E _ . . . . , ., ’ {F-
__ up  _ mul ‘»r—l‘l(:‘('t development. Its lll_]ll1'1<:‘S are conhned at present to . · M;
l ati :;<·;np~e·i·owii1g counties of Eastern Kentucky. Its distribu-    
Us {5.,,i no however, probably more extended in the United States  
l ,,1 _ {gp. is generally supposed. lInder date of April ith, JHQU, Dr.   [E
l .l< · °‘ Y . ` pv V` {jg! I
y W I tj, : , l§oarome _   -
l I ‘ ~ . . ,, , aq
t wl,   new a lady brought me a plant which she said she round   _
_ , in j yn gr; among some hemp that had sprung up where she had  
ith  · it I n the refuse from her bird cage, and which I called it
I __` ~ /‘r   min Zmioozcmnrt. I alterwards visited the place and . r   ;
A M   at ‘ it growing from the hemp roots. Since reading your gs; 5
W _ :l»— iption (in Bulletin 24 ol` the Station) and coniparing it with   I
M · ny n n made at the time, ld am inclined to think that my plant   5
l . . »{
,   ,     ,·‘rz9im.s·tt. I have never been able to hud any more speci-  
Hm nr , ~»i' it in this vicinity. " ·  
(F » probable from this observation that the parasite occurs ‘   Q
W ii »~ll numbers on tobacco and hemp elsewhere in the country.   j
,1,;,1  _ :u. - view of its powers of injury under circumstances favor- ' ‘ ` {
I T,) _ ul   it. it is important that every one concerned in growing .  
MH _ <·i· liable to be attacked, should inform himself as to the ap- " `
pv wwe and nature ot the pest, with a view to preventing its ` I
lm! A fu,   spread.    
` `1 s
+1+ 5  
r —·¤
:rh¤l . ·  
in; I   ,
the , , jj  
  ‘ fi? .
' ` Kp? ·
-llt>‘·\` .   d
agus l ‘   g
vanilla ,   =
=  
Haiti  i   I
tnoiir  t l 2i" A
.orte=l  ,  
in  T i  
` id e
i
QI
2
S`!

 5
‘ 3
   
‘ fil;  ’ ·
H  >·
   
   T? 
lag ¤  
_ slié F 12 nnronzr or run .
Fc
’    ¥ i
i iii gl [VE llr CORN JNSEOZT  f 3
Q   1 7W2‘vg¢»ufu m·»//{pw, Say.} r I
I   Order Hcmiptora; family Jnssidw. A
fi ; This is a green leaf-hopper which is very common ev*eryx·.·m·r   °l
— fj, _ , on grasses, and may be taken with an insect net during; alle ’ Y
5 Fii_ , greater part of summer in meadows. It is very quick it its * j\‘
    movements, running with a sidling motion when approa» all  » F
ii   with the hand, and, when pressed, taking wing for a   on  . in
ih', flight. lts injury consists in puncturing the blades of f`¥¤l‘I'l. `
  "-1"‘ ' and sticking the sa >. .
L ,. D
  Q; . Last July it was abundant in several stages of growti on  » **e‘
    corn on low ground, generally concealed in the hollow fo. wl ¤*
    by the partly unfolded blades. Recently matured few; les K"
2 fj} . iredominated. About half as man adult males occurred. ntl · "‘
Z lil r
Q   . about the same number of young. Wlhen the corn was :» au YN
    two feet in height, as many as twenty leaf—hoppers occured <·*‘
£ FZ': on a sin le Jlant in some fields. The area infested wa> not lg
`   S
g   large, and the insects were not often observed on corn grow on . ***
    · high land. This corn-infesting habit is Jrobabl not usu iw T lin
i AU Z? . . . ¤ 7 ¢' .
{ ggfl this species, since it seeems not to have been observed we lll
  til where, although the s iecies is common in yrobabl * most <¤ illr “'**
J  F-viql D _ _ 1
{   · corrrgrowing States. If its injury should increase in the fu we . Ml
Q   ‘ it may be abated, in all probability, by the use of pyreti um .
l   (the Persian insect powder of drug stores).
F yl l
§   _ i>1cscRIPTroN. ·
t il _ . ..._ —
g *1 ._   Body, as is usual in the family Jas- »l:¤·. .
    V,   b0at—shaped; head produced, and blntl}
i ill [ » \  5 ,, K pointed; abdomen tapering, pointed b<-til1·l -
i   gk W    l . . . . . ;
i lz; f ef  · K in the female- wings extending a l1i~Tl· hg t l
} ·;* yl  ir.   \_ 7 Z1 21 . `
E: ’§l l   fi  yond the tip of the abdomen. Antenna ‘~1`§`  . "°"
2 .  2%   . . ., i iw
Q       small; first two segments short and > ·»·1¥· e \ {
2 ’ t g ' A 1— ' . _ _ Va]
j l.    ?.,°·‘ ri next three smaller, each with a lateral sg »M~· · pim
Y   il yy . —‘ ' remainder indistinct, tapering in the foiui U?   wm
< r ¤ ‘ , . . . _ , .  1 ·’—
Q   ji gf a bristle. Color above nearly uniform halt  . hm,
‘   reg.1_m(,o.)t-.11..»,a·.green. Tl1e head, anterior part of the 2>i’¤l*·  _ dm.
i V; hopper (Yi/'li/livf/4}/l;H , · · w _ W, ,11v  ; _
    www/H`,Eu1m_wd' thorax and scutellum, yellowish. lnyes g * Y   me
i I   U· 3¤ ` 
  ` $7 ff . ‘
 ;  , i·   l
 ’·   . .  
 I I AGRIoUL'r1*nAL ‘Exi·1;11o1rr or run  jpl?
. l? . . `  E
.   showed the insect to be rather common on plants which xvtlc . ll
    . still green. It is unquestionably a grain insect of sonu im.  I ll
{Ii portance in this region, and doubtless is the occasion of `Wllle  . Al
A . . . . . _ V
.   loss each year from its injury to small grains. The saunas!  » he
é   liights are probably occasioned by tl1e ripening of the grair and C zu
TT the operations of the harvesters, the females leaving the · rain rioN.  . lt]
l '*l.'l   — - ll 1 li
  ffl — e Specimens of the insect taken at rx- _ lj
    or    gn . ' I 1 j V V I IU l I  . “_H
{  aj   Z ington last July and pieseix ed in at tw.
Y ¤$};.· — ‘*`C ‘·· € · · f .  
   tgzj ex   ¤   are about .05 inch in length, and an nit  · lll
. si ‘ satis . · p .   ‘
;   Q      _ a trifle shorter than three-fourth, ~·i it  » lll
2   .   ; line. the length given by Curtis f= llc ljll
E *:5 .;·_,,i">¤€£;L ; '. . ' — _ g r
1   I Th g l short lrll
ep -   s s Jecies. e wings a so are · ~· ~ — l_
; sf  ;l`¥  ’~ - · . - · l 1 il
{ *·   i e the body, and the antenmeconsistol aint. _
t     » 3?2 ??  r Q 5 - . - , . ‘ Wa
3   ·¢‘   ·; -not nine segments. Otherwise th ii in _ l
z as ’   » 5 E . . .   rr
5      · g E concerns these points, Curtis descr ulull { l
¤ i·; . :.»f ¢~    .5 E . . .. . >e:
  .l{1  — X. q as fits the Kentucky specimens <» ¤l1< A- » l
· if . ..     V Y . . , .· i W!
{ sk]     Erm winged females perfectly. The len ill ··l Hs
T ;. .//ry;.     — ·: . _ . M - tie
l   ki"'   Ei the wings may be suppo