xt718911pw2d_37 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt718911pw2d/data/mets.xml https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt718911pw2d/data/2010ua027.dao.xml Agricultural and Mechanical College of Kentucky--Commencement.. 3.55 Cubic feet 7 preservation boxes, 2 reference boxes, 9 volumes TThe collection of the University of Kentucky commencement programs and invitations, dated 1880-2012 and with bulk dates 1920-1959 (3.2 cubic feet, 6 preservation boxes, 2 reference boxes, 9 volumes), documents ceremonies and extracurricular activities related to commencement celebrations. archival material English University of Kentucky This digital resource may be freely searched and displayed. Permission must be received for subsequent distribution in print or electronically. Physical rights are retained by the owning repository. Copyright is retained in accordance with U. S. copyright laws. For information about permissions to reproduce or publish, contact the Special Collections Research Center. University of Kentucky commencement programs and invitations Invitation cards. Pamphlets. Programs. Bulletin of the State UK, Vol. 7, Nov. 1915, No. 11 text Bulletin of the State UK, Vol. 7, Nov. 1915, No. 11 2015 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt718911pw2d/data/2010ua027/2010ua027_p1/2010ua027_p1_5/2010ua027_p1_5_3/1337/1337.pdf 1915 1915 1915 section false xt718911pw2d_37 xt718911pw2d I
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II Class of 1915, College of Mechanical and Electrical
I Engineering, by David Francis Crawford, D.Eng.,
I General Superintendent of Motive Power, Pennsyl-
Iz vania Lines West, and William Gibson, LL.D.,
I Late General Superintendent of Transportation of
I I
I the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad.
I J
~
ll ADDRESSES ON COMMENCEMENT MORNING
{ TO
I
g GRADUATING CLASS OF 1915
1 College of Mechamcal and
i Electncal Engmeermg
STATE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
{ BY
l DAVID FRANCIS CRAWFORD, D.Eng.
V General Superintendent of Motive Power, Pennsylvania Lines West
l AND
l WILLIAM GIBSON, LL.D.
I Late General Superintendent of Transportation of the Baltimore &
Ohio Railroad
l
I
l
t Members of the Graduating Class of 1915, College of
Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, State
University of Kentucky
GEORGE BOWEN ARNOLD Earlington
JOSEPH GUY AUD Owensboro
HAROLD YANCEY BARKER Lexington
TIERBERT EDWIN BARTH Louisville
Z\·lAx C;\ll'1`ER BATSEL Fulton
r’\Ll3lillT RICKETTS BLACKBURN Petersburg
JOHN ESTEN ROLLING Louisville
MLNOTT BROOKE Veechdale
GEORGE FRANCIS CAMPBELL Butler
LOGAN BENTLEY CAYWOOD Hanly
SAMUEL NEWTON COURTNEY Owensboro
WLLLIAM Pr\’1‘HI(`K CRAWLEY, JR. Louisville
_ WALTER BRUCE CROAN Shepherdsville
THEODORE FREDERICK EICHHORN Cynthiana
LYNN BARKLEY EYANS Lebanon
L JOHN THOMAS GELDER Rochester, N. Y.
FRANK XVITHRONV FIAFF Frankfort
ROBERT DAWSON HAWKINS Lexington
l THOMAS FRANCIS HAYNES Owensboro
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ADDRESS OF DAVID FRANCIS CRAWFORD, D.EI1g.
GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT oe Mor1vE Pownn,
PENNSYLVANIA L1NEs WEST. _
Young Gentlemen of the College of Mechanical
and Electrical Engineering:
y As you are starting out in a new Held of work, in which you
, will find an entirely diderent condition of life, the few pages from
a book of experience which I will present to you this morning may
i be of interest, and perhaps of value.
For the years just passed, your accomplishment of a task has
I meant personal satisfaction and a good mark in your class and col-
lege standing, a failure, chagrin and a low rating.
i From now on, the Success in your undertakings means advance—
ment and financial gain ,—a failure, experience, for without failures
there can never be success. Those who never fail have never tried
to do more than the ordinary things of life. Henry Drummond has
well remarked that "Unless a man undertakes to do more than he
possibly can do, he will never do all that he can."
It has fallen to my lot to come in contact with many men, and
from such study as I have been able to make of them and their
achievements, and from such analysis as I have been able to make
of my own life and work, I would Suggest to you the consideration of
these several points:
Whatever your work may be, do it with thoroughness.
Let me relate to you an instance which impressed upon me the
value of persistence. The mere fact that in this case success re-
warded my efforts, meant little, compared with the lesson learned.
One of the most annoying things that occurs in the operation
of railway equipment is a hot journal, or as they are familiarly
called, a “hot box."
A hot box, in addition to causing delays in the movement of
traffic, is often very difficult to remedy, on account of the fact that
so many things may contribute to cause it.
, During my earlier work on the railway my attention had been
' almost entirely devoted to locomotive design, the operation of pas-
sengcr and freight cars being then more or less remote.
Shortly after my appointment as Superintendent of Motive
V Power in 1899, when I had charge of the operation of cars as well
1 as locomotives, an epidemic of hot boxes on cars in passenger service
l occurred. In November, 74 hot boxes were recorded ; in December,
l 126. This increase was not particularly alarming, because in win-
ter the number of hot boxes always increases, and, as you know,
l
l 6 Address of David Francis Crawford, D.E1ig.
ls
the colder the weather the greater the number., Although the
~ usual action of directing the attention of those interested and re- ll
sponsible was taken, in January 227 cases appeared. if
The General Car Inspector suggested changing the kind of oil,
but his attention was called to the fact that the trouble was confined l
to certain classes of cars only; the other classes all rendered satis- l
factory service. He then proposed changing the mixture of the
bronze bearings, but as all the bearings were lined with white metal ;
(composed of lead and antimony) this idea did not offer a solution l
of the trouble.
By the middle of February the rate of increase was so rapid
that radical action was necessary, and, dropping all other work, I T »
took up the subject.
As a first step, a visit was paid to the largest terminal, where
the greater percentage of the cars received attention. After exam-
ining the supply of oil and waste, an hour was spent in observing i
the men engaged in re-packing the boxes. Satisfied that this work
was being done efficiently, I requested that all the bearings (or
brasses, as we call them) that had been removed from hot boxes be
brought in for inspection. Observation of the face, or that part
which comes in contact with the journal, immediately disclosed the
cause of the trouble. The bearings were sprung , that is, the line of
initial wear, instead of being on the axis of the bearing and parallel
to the center line of the axle, was at an angle to that center line.
Gauges were obtained and all of the bearings not meeting the
gauges were rejected, with the result that the record of 593 hot
boxes in February was reduced to GG in March.
No doubt the first thought that will occur to you is, why were
the bearings not gauged before they were applied? A very proper
question, but the bearings were made at our own foundry by our
own men, consequently, gauging at point of application would seem
unnecessary.
A visit to the foundry brought out the real cause of the trouble.
Owing to a large order for brasses for new freight cars, and the com- j
paratively small number of brasses used for passenger cars, the lat- t
ter were being made in hand-rammed flasks, from small patterns, I
both moulding machines having been devoted to the freight car A
j work. Even so, why should a good moulder fail to make good
1 moulds? My first inquiry at the foundry, after finding that the j
I moulds were being made by hand, was-—what kind of work had the l
moulder been doing immediately before making the brasses? Driv- _
ing boxes, weighing about 150 pounds, and, consequently, a heavy
pattern to draw from the sand as compared with the pattern for a t
15-pound ear brass; and used to tapping the heavy pattern with t
sufficient force to loosen it, the small bearing had, through habit, l
l
l Address of David Francis Crawford, D.Ertg. 7
li been tapped with almost equal force, thus distorting the mould
enough to produce a sprung brass. Caution to the men, careful
»· gauging of all brasses for a short time, and our troubles disap-
peared with the winter snows.
y Obviously, the investigation could not have stopped short of
the end mentioned. For the patrons of a railroad cannot be ex-
I pected to tolerate the annoyance of continued delays; nor can the
Railroad itself tolerate needlessly increased expenses. But the
l point I want to drive home to you is that, had our investigation
been less persistent or slower, just so much longer would your
humble servant and his conscientious assistants had to sit up nights.
_ This experience was a valuable lesson to all concerned.
Perhaps the greatest struggle one has with one’s self in engi-
neering work is to avoid drawing conclusions too quickly, or, in
other words, arriving at them from insufiicient information. In-
deed, an answer too promptly given is frequently an evidence of
superficial knowledge, and one becomes accustomed to judge the
possible accuracy of a reply by observation.
Do not jump at conclusions.
I·Iow well I remember an opportunity where, fortunately for
nie, I did not do so.
Two locomotives, numbers 13 and 306, with boilers of iden-
tical design, in fact, built from the same drawings, were delivered
from the builders just about the time I was appointed Superin-
tendent of Motive Power.
After a few nionths’ service it was reported to me that loeo-
motive number 306 had quite a number of broken staybolts; such a
thing was not unheard of. So the proper repairs were made. In a
very short time a similar report of the same locomotive was received,
so a tabulation of the broken staybolt record of all of the locomo-
tives of this class was prepared, and after twenty-two months’ ser-
vice it was found that locomotive number 13 had not broken a
single staybolt, while on locomotive number 306, some 200 had
been broken from time to time.
. My solution of the trouble was im-mediate. Locomotive
number 13 had staybolts made of better iron than that used in mak-
ing the bolts for number 306, and all those whom I consulted
p promptly agreed with me.
` Conclusion quickly attained, but not accurate.
l Inquiry of the builders developed that the staybolts in both
locomotives were made from exactly the same kind of iron.
: Further and more searching investigation showed that the
l boiler of locomotive 306 was not cylindrical, and when steam
, pressure was applied to it, in assuming the cylindrical shape, the
I tircbox was moved suiiiciently to, in time, to break the bolts. The
t boiler of locomotive number 13 was almost a true cylinder. Now,
, 8 Address of David Francis Crawford, D.ErLg.
»
assuming that locomotive number 13 had one kind of iron, and
locomotive number 306 another, you can readily see how much more un
difiieult it would have been to convince us that the better service of V
the former was not due to a superior quality of iron.
lt is not easy for me to convey to you the lasting impression,
indeed, the eiect on my whole life’s work, of these and many more
or less similar experiences. Many times I have been inclined to
quick decision, but, unless when emergency demands prompt action,
‘ you will find that a little time and serious thought given to the
study of any problem will not be lost.
Some of the members of your class have already arranged to
enter the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad System as special
apprentices, and this might be a good time to say that one of the
objects of our Special Apprenticeship System is to give young men
an opportunity to become familiar with practical shop work, and
thereby acquire the power to correlate their technical training to
the accomplishment of results for a definite and insistent purpose.
It will be found that, perhaps, one of the greatest advantages
of this training is the opportunity it gives to associate with and
become acquained with men-—men whose achievement means not
only approbation by their employers, but also their standing in the
community. Their ability to provide for a family and a home, as
well as to splendidly bear their share of the burdens of the State
and Nation-—indeed, of humanity. ·
From now on, the serious problem of supporting yourself and
those dependent upon you will confront you, too. Do not forget
that while you are making a living you are also making a life. Let
me counsel you to spend much time in studying yourself and those
with whom you come in contact, and broaden your acquaintance as
much as possible.
Meet men in a manly way, and show to them that you are
worthy of their confidence and esteem.
One’s friends are one’s greatest asset. Earn friendship by your
integrity and performance. It has been said that: .
"The dreams of those who faithfully labor are the only ones
that ever come true.”
No matter in what field of endeavor you may find employment,
make it a point to give a day’s work for a day’s pay. Make this a
y rule of your lives, whether dealing with another individual or a `y
g corporation. Do well, that is the main thing; success and recom- i=
I pcnse are welcome if they can be attained, but are secondary.
There exists today a growing tendency to get a large recom-
pense for little effort ; there can be but one result of such procedure;
that is, those who do most will receive the greatest reward. Mark
Twain said, "The thing for us to do is our duty and not worry
about whether anybody sees us or not."
Address of David Francis Crawford, D.Eng. 9
By learning to obey, one is taught to command, and courtesy,
up both in obedience and in commanding, means much in results ob-
tained.
By some, the niceties demanded by courtesy may be regarded
as inconsequential, but as we grow older we will all observe how
much may be accomplished by a pleasantly spoken word, either to
those whom we serve or to those who S€1'VG us.
In your future work I am sure you will find, as I have found,
that almost everyone you meet has some knowledge which will be of
value to you, and it is also certain that such information may be
had for the asking, provided that on your part you show the dis-
position to reciprocate.
It is this exchange of knowledge that forms the foundation for
a better understanding of one another——indeed, it is necessary for
the progress of our nation, and of our race.
After several years of study you are leaving this college, to
commence to study again. Life and life’s work present many prob-
lems, the solution of which will be, and can only be found by care-
ful consideration of their component factors.
To succeed, such questions as may be presented to you must
receive a carefully studied application of the principles you have
absorbed in your University.
Cultivatc the habit of observation of everything; the habit of
insatiable curiosity which will compel you in your daily walk to
study from nature existing objects, and from reference books, the
many phases of this wonderful world, the people who live in it, their
coming and their going, and their accomplishments day by day.
Do not, I pray, confine your reading to engineering and the
related scientinc subjects, but broaden your field as far as your time
will permit, to include history and literature, both ancient and
modern, as well as the arts and sciences, in which you may not
seem to be professionally interested.
No matter what your task is, be it great or be it small, stamp
it with your own individuality; for every task well done is worthy
of its hall mark. Your life is before you, make it your own, and
while preserving the most cordial relations with your fellowmen,
give to your work that personal touch by which it may always be
recognized.
‘} Young gentlemen, permit me to wish each one of you that
lr full measure of success that your excellent work here warrants us
U in expecting of you. Remember that whatever success you may
I attain in the future will be redected here. Remember the oppor-
tunity you have been given. Remember the painstaking care which
has been bestowed on you and upon your predecessors on these
benches, which has meant the upbuilding of this splendid College.
I congratulate Director Anderson and the Faculty and As-
sistants.
y 10 Address of William Gibson, LL.D.
ADDRESS OF VVILLIAIVI GIBSON, LL.D.
LATE GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT or Tnmisronritrron or run
B,iL·rmronn AND Onto Ritrnnonn.
Young Gentlemen :-
Dean Anderson has asked me to speak a word to you this
morning and, truth to tell, there is little I might say, or could hope
to say, without running the serious and, perhaps, unpardonable
t risk of repeating myself. As an old friend, however, if I might
venture to claim that relation, it may not be inappropriate in
parting with this class for me, inetaphorically speaking, to hold up
before you a green signal.
You, young gentlemen of the class of ’l5, will today be
crowned with the university degree which you have worked for,
and which you have earned, for it is certain that any student who
receives a degree from this College has earned it, and that fact
must largely enhance its value. We do not usually attach great
value to that which comes to us easily, and this is one of the frail-
ties of our common humanity, just in the sense that the Bible and
Shakespeare, being always on hand and costing nothing, are apt,
too often, to be held in a sort of reverential neglect.
But I beg that you will not consider your degree as more
than a passport. Of itself it means little, but without it you would
not be cligi ble for certain work. With it you commence your real
education.
This is not a "‘finishing se-hool." Indeed, there is nothing final
about education. Its achievements only mark new fields. We must
continuously re-educate ourselves. You cannot receive an educa-
cation just as you cannot he fauglit the English language. You
must absorb it. Let me make my meaning quite clear. After your
field athletic contests each winner »2·ecei»i.·es ai prize, but he did not
1·eer·z`re his victory. IIe grasped it. He won it.
\\'hat you have learned here, therefore, is the fruit of a steady
l effort, and what every one of you must learn in the practice of your
Q .prol'ession, it he expects to he a success, can only be learned by his
* own eti’ort. Yo one can teach you, and, what is much more to the
point, you will tind that no one, from now on, is in the least likely
to take either the time or the trouble to attempt to teach you. It
is all up to yourselves. You must take in before you can give out.
'Hived bees get sugar because they give out honey. All existence is
a. series of equivalents.
`
Address of William Gibson, LL.D. 11
The best the College can do, and it has done it for you, is to
prepare a man to take advantage of the education which he will
meet in the avenue of life,—-the life of your own day, the practical
life of which you seek to become a part. You are now entering
what my friend Professor MacKenzie so aptly called on a recent
occasion, the University of the World, and, kindling at this thought,
I might add, you are about to join a Freshman class in the College
of Hard Worlc. Your life’s work is about to begin. You have that
singular advantage;-you have your life before you. Use it to the
utmost. You cannot expect to get a second helping.
There is an old Carlylian doctrine which you will {ind nowhere
better stated than in the vigorous words ot that noble book, Sorter
Resarlus: "In all situations out of the pit of Tophet," he tells us,
"wherein a living man has stood or can stand, there is actually a
prize of quite infinite value within his reach-namely, a duty for
him to do; this highest gospel forms the basis and worth of all other
gospels whatsoever." And if you ask, then, what is the first of the
obligations that you now take upon you with a renewed force by
reason of your graduation from this splendid College of which the
State of Kentucky has so much reason to be proud, I answer, with
Carlyle, the right and immutable obligation and privilege to labor.
Wherefore have you been equipped, if it be not to toil like other men
in the vineyard?
>s· =»· a=
Now, my green signal is simply this: Let me implore you not
to delude yourselves into the thought, no matter how good your
work has been here, that the world owes you a living. There could
be no greater mistake. You must not look for something for noth-
ing. If you do you will make the path more ditiicult for your own
feet, and tind that you are buying gold bricks. That is not a profit-
able occupation. and in it neither men nor angels can help you.
You owe the world work. You owe it your best efforts. Get
it fixed in your minds at the start that you owe the world a lifc—a
well—spent. eiean. earnest, honest life, and then I will pick any one
ol' you against the tield. In other words, don’t look like a small
pair. No wise man will draw to a small pair. What the world is
looking for is not so much the man who does what nobody else
ever attempts to do; what it is looking for is the man who does best
what hundreds of others only do well.
Your training here has equipped you to make such a start.
The world is now your province, and, as Emerson puts it, "Nobody
can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourself."
=i= # =s
You might take your Bible, which we hope will not require
, 12 Address of William Gibson, LL.D.
I
dusting, look up the Proverbs of Solomon and turn to Chapter 25,
verse 17, and Hx it in your mind.
This has particular 1·eference to calling on people——especially
busy people, and most people worth knowing are busy people. The
thing to do is to come to the point immediately after the greeting.
Old friendships, it is true, are like a shaft of light across the
gloom to a busy man, but let the busy man himself indicate an
excursion into old scenes, old friends, and old memories. And then
it is a safe rule to utterly discredit any insistence on his part upon
your staying, even if several times repeated. This may sound like
cold philosophy, but it is nothing of the kind. It is simply taking
a fact at its real value and injecting it into conduct. Above all,
never quote one man to another in a business or professional inter-
view without specific permission, and then be scrupulously ac—
curate.
You are surrounded by opportunities and God gives a man
enough if he gives him opportunity. None of us, I mean we older
men, can suggest any new way to grasp your opportunities.
But there arc a lot of old ways, there are a lot of old things
left for us to talk about—elementary truths, eternal principles, the
dilllerence between right and wrong, the rocks in the path of the
young engineer, and the greatest rocks of all are apt to be of his
own making, and I will mention two of them:
First. Knowing it all, and this includes telling all you know.
You have probably heard of the little dog that barked at a
Kansas cyclone and got blown inside out. That dog might just as
well have gone in swimming and bucked a submarine. The moral
is listen a great deal. Talk very little. Face the wind, but keep
your mouth shut.
Second. Jumping at conclusions, and this includes believing
all you hear.
If you believe half of all you hear in this world you are taking
a long chance, and then, too, it is not always easy to select the right
half.
Many persons are for or against a proposal without taking time
to fully investigate it, or because of what it has been called, or be—
cause of the person who made it. When the Chief makes a propo-
sition too many fellows hold their hands up and say, "Me too," and,
3 sad enough to relate, some chiefs do not seem to like it if you don’t.
y This, of course, is not intelligent and it is not rational, but it is
not uncommon among engineers, and, believe me, I did not cull that
inI`ormation from a text book. On some vital things, strangely
enough, text books are quite silent. The man who cannot give an
intelligent reason for his recommendation of a proposition is not
using his brains, and the fellow who does not use his brains is
t¢ .
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Address of William Gibson, LL.D. , 13
fooling himself if he thinks he is, or ever will be, an engineer. I
heard a distinguished engineer say in a public address not long
ago that time spent in making careful investigation is never lest
time. I trust that the gentleman will pardon me for borrowing
his philosophy, but I am certainly not doing it behind his back, for
there het sits.
* sa * s *
In order to be an engineer a man must be something more.
Certain qualities go to the making of any human being whom other
people will respect and esteem. There is steadiness of purpose,
breadth of mind, kindliness, wholesome common sense, justice, a
touch of humor, and always a capacity for the task in hand. The
man, therefore, who is an engineer and nothing else, is not likely
to bc much of an engineer. Achievement in a college of engineer-
ing and a degree, and then a good job and a comfortable salary do
not make an engineer. If the man lacks imagination and fails to
respond to the beauty and grandeur of great and progressive ideas,
or is unable fittingly to express his own, he will not quite fully
meet the specihcations.
The first requirement of an Engineer is to be able to control
himself, and, second, to be able to control others. As a matter of
fact, the value of a man to a corporation is largely in proportion to
his a.bility to work with other men, whether controlling or being
controlled, and he is necessarily judged largely in the light of the
relations which he sustains to his fellows, for one cannot get along
without the support and the co-operation of other men. No impor-
tant work can be successfully carried out without the sympathy
and support and co—operation of every man identihed with it, and
to secure this condition the engineer in charge must command their
respect. It is sincerity of character which makes friends. Be
strict, he as exacting as you please, but be straightforward and
fair. In saying be straightforward and fair, I mean be truthful
mentally as well as verbally, for truth is not only the foundation of
all knowledge, it is the cement of all human relations. Put your- `
self in the other fellow’s place before you make decisions. The
great secret of command is to be strong in justice. The most
serupulous impartiality is what we must observe. Rigid discipline,
when combined with justice and kindness, is not a heavy burden,
but a useful acquisition for everybody; it promotes observance of
rules and at the same time makes possible the expansion of indi-
vidual talents.
By this test an engineer must and will stand or fall. and it is
quite certain that there is no more severe test of character than is
’D. F. Crawford. `
l
14 Adkress of William Gibson, LL.D.
supplied by continued association with those we govern or serve.
The man who does not know how to serve cannot govern.
The variety of circumstances which influence these reciprocal
relations are so complex, and so involved that it is