xt72z31nhf5j https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt72z31nhf5j/data/mets.xml The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. 1939 bulletins  English The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Frontier Nursing Service Quarterly Bulletins The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. XIV, No. 3, Winter 1939 text The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. XIV, No. 3, Winter 1939 1939 2014 true xt72z31nhf5j section xt72z31nhf5j O
The Quarterly Bulletm 0f
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The Fr011t1er Nursmg Serv1ce, Inc.
VOL. XIV \‘(/INTER, 1939 NO. 3
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TI-IE FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE Inc. I
) I
Published Quarterly by the Frontier Nursing Service, Lexington, Ky.  .V
SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $1.00 PER YEAR -  '
VOLUME XIV WINTER, 1939 NUMBER 3 · 
   ‘
"Entered as second class matter June 30, 1926, at the Post Office at Lexington, Ky.,  
under the Act of March 3, 1879."  `
Copyright 1930 Frontier Nursing Service. Inc. ,

   U
E l
K  ;l ,
·  I COURAGE
  l . . .
L Courage is the price that life
» A   exacts for granting peace.
e The soul that knows it not,
4 knows no release
 " · From little things;
    Knows not the livid loneliness
1   of fear,
  Nor mountain heights, where
Q , bitter joy may hear
,   The sounds of wings.
3   How can life grant us boon oi
  ; living, compensate
 ; For dull gray ugliness and'
 gi _ pregnant hate,
 Q? Unless we dare
 . gj The soul’s dominion? Each time
 3 we make a choice, we pay
  With courage to behold resistless
  day
 ,f And count it fair.
 
 gl Amelia Earhart—l934.
 i King Features Synd., Inc.
  Grant us the will to fashion as we feel,
N Grant us the strength to labor as we know,
 Wl Grant us the purpose, ribbed and edged with steel,
.` To strike the blow—
  Knowledge we ask not—knowledge thou hast lent
{  But Lord the will—there lies our bitter need,
i Give us to build above the deep intent
’ The deed, the deed.
  —.lohn Drinkwater.
A
5

 I INDEX  
ARITCLE AUTHOR PAGE  
A Voice That Was Stilled Erasmus 19 [S
A VVelcome Letter M. J. Begley 40 *5
Beyond the Mountains 33  
Christmas Preparations In The Attic E. M. Verbeck 21  
Courage Amelia Earhart 1  
Cows (Illustrated) Louise lreland 13  
wg;
Field Notes 41  
Floods Editor 3  
Frontier Nursing Sersrice I  
Cooperative Handknitters Nora K. Kelly 9  
` In Memoriam 20  
Nursing In Spain L. C. J. 17  
R»C}7U1't 0n Third Thousand Confinements Metropolitan Life lnsurance C0. 23  
\ViIlie Annie W. Ellison 15  
Yelt Layer Cake Mrs. T. James 8 i,;
i
BRIEF BITS t  
A Child`s Prayer ‘ Contributed 16  
Be Calm in Arguing George Herbert 20 ii;
Grant Us the \Vill John Drinkwater 1  i
Letter From a Young Friend 12  
Pogo 14 a s i
There Was a Young Lady Said "\\’hy..." Contributed 32  
"Willing; to Oblige Contributed 40  
· K

   ‘ momrma Nunsmo smzvics 3
  moons
¤5
é' It was fourteen miles to the Kiag’s Hoase,
,4 Aad seven of them he mm;
  He mm till he came to the broad river side,
} He bowed to his breast and swam, swam _
He bowed to his breast and swam.
  Old English Ballad, "Little Mathie Gr0vc"
  as sung in the Kentucky mountains.
  Several years ago, when I was motoring with the Frederick
  Watsons in the stern and impressive mountains of Wales, they
 H told me they had taken Conrad for the same drive, and he said:
  "It is impertinent for a little country like Wales to have such
 Q scenery."
  The Middle Fork of the Kentucky River and Red Bird
  River, which combines with Goose Creek to form the South
2  Fork, both flow through the area covered by the Frontier Nurs-
f g  ing Service. These comparatively small rivers, together with
Q Q the North Fork, the Big Sandy and the Licking River, and their
  tributary creeks and branches, have all been on a rampage,
B; worthy of the Ohio and the Mississippi which they feed.
Q_ The cover picture of this Bulletin was taken by Marvin
{ Breckinridge, when the Middle Fork Howed tranquilly between
  its normal banks. The nurse is Eva Gilbert, and the swinging
  bridge is one near the Margaret Durbin Harper Nursing Center
  at Bowlingtown. When the rivers rise to past the fording stage
  for horses, and then rise on until they are too swift to use the
?i little boats with safety, we cross on these swinging bridges.
 T This flood has washed away every one on both rivers.
  The pictures on the inside of the cover were taken by Jen-
T nie Burton, one of our hospital nurses, during the flood at
f · Hyden. In our section, the heaviest losses on both the Red
 · Bird and the Middle Fork lay on the lower reaches of the rivers,
  where about four out of five homes were inundated, and a num-
  ber washed away. The bedding and home—canned food stuffs
l of the people in the flood-swept homes were completely de-
a

    
_ 4 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN  
stroyed; many barns with all the hay and feed, miles and miles  
of fencing, were washed on down towards the Gulf of Mexico. Qi
" Stock and chickens were drowned. "  
As far as we have been able to ascertain, there has been T
no loss of life. Our people are early risers, and most of them  
were up as the water began creeping into their homes in the 5;
darkness of the winter morning. Of course they helped one an-  
other. Old Josh Whitehead knew that Shelby Asher’s wife and Lz
baby were alone in their cottage that night. VVhen the water  
reached his own house he struggled down the bank, while his ·  
house and everything in it were washed away, and rescued the  
wife and baby of his neighbor although he could not save their  Q
supplies.  
At Big Creek, Aunt Ann Napier, 83 years old and ill, had a  
doubly tragic experience. There were ten feet of water in her  
home. She was carried out and transported by boat to neigh-  4.
bors. This new place stood higher than Aunt Ann’s house, and  
, although the flood dampened it, nobody had to move away. How-  `_?
A ever, in order to dry the place out, extra large fires were built  
and it burned down. Again Aunt Ann had- to be caught up from  
her bed and rushed outside.  
. · ¤ • A  
So many boats were carried off that rescue work was dou-  
bly difficult. Several of the men had to swim. Everywhere we  
get reports of gallantry and good humor, as well as friendliness  
and at least one funny story. One friend in the Flat Creek  
neighborhood on Red Bird, who owns a store, got down to his l
store to move his supplies as high up as he could on the chance  
that the water wouldn’t reach to the roof. When he started L 
back he fell in over his neck. Thinking that everywhere around I. 
him the river back-water up Spring Creek was that deep, he Q
swam to an apple tree, climbed up it and hallooed. After a time
some men and a boat rescuing families came to his assistance, •
` and then everybody had a grand laugh for the water around .
the apple tree on one side was only wading deep.  
The composure of the mountaineer was well illustrated by 3 
old John Feltner, a peg-legged man in his seventies, and sick  
in bed. He had lived in his home on Red Bird River all his life,  
 r
la 

 i
 
  momim Nunsmc: smwrcs 5
lg and when he was told that the water was rising all around him
  he said that he knew from experience it wouldn’t get into the
Kg house, and he refused to be moved. Again and again members '
t of his family came to him and begged him to let them move him,
W but he wouldn’t. Finally the muddy waters reached his bed,
lg and that convinced him. He yelled, "For God’s sake, take me
  out quick."
,  j All of our nursing centers are built high above the rivers,
  · but even so the water rose five feet at the gate of the Possum
  Bend Center at Confluence, reached the cow barn, and got into
 ’f- the cellar of the center itself. At Wendover the orchard was
  flooded, and the water came twenty feet up through the garden
  gate. It flooded the Hurricane bottom so that we were ma-
  rooned from all communications from the outside. The tele-
 3} phone lines were swept away, mail was completely disrupted,
 if and travel is still so difficult and dangerous even for horses that
 3 our nurses have been scrambling out on foot to the flood babies.
_Q At the Clara Ford nursing center, above Big Creek on Red
  Bird River, the senior nurse, May V. Green, took in three entire
 Q; refugee families from the flood that night. The hospital at
  Hyden is of course hundreds of feet above the river, and its
  only difficulty came from the driving rains, which have badly
  damaged the lovverretaining wall, and disconnected the pipes
  bringing the water supply for the hospital from the reservoir
  tank. The hospital was without water for twenty—four hours,
  surrounded by a sea of water! Hyden, itself, like Big Creek,
  was hard hit, but in both communities men whose homes were
  flooded joined in the work of rescue of people in other homes,
  as soon as their families had been placed in safety. Our senior
 ` nurse at Hyden, Vanda Summershwas out on a delivery at the
, mouth of Short Creek the night of the flood. VVhen she got
back early the next morning, she took our car and used it to
l‘ help in the rescue work as far up Rock House as it could travel.
 , The response of the Red Cross to this emergency has been
{ in their finest tradition of public disaster service. The Red
i  Cross Committee at Hyden, Mr. M. C. Begley, Chairman, met
  as soon as people could meet, and Dr. Kooser, Nora Kelly, as
 Q
 `
lt 

 I
' 6 Tum QUARTERLY BULLETIN  l 
well as Mr. Begley, who is our trustee, represented the Frontier  
Nursing Service on this committee. Without waiting for the '
complete reports that are so slow coming in, the committee
ordered mattresses and blankets, sent reports in to Mrs. Sheri- ‘i
dan Connelly in Lexington, and ran off a series of simple ques-   l
tionnaires. These were distributed as soon as possible to the l-J
nurses of the Frontier Nursing Service along the Middle Fork r
and to various men who volunteered to help. ‘ —_ 
We sent Nora Kelly and one of the senior couriers, Doris ,
Briggs of Providence, Rhode Island, over to Red Bird River  
as soon as travel was possible. With Mr. Queen, the engineer  
in charge of the Fordson Company, they went into Manchester,  
and volunteered to the Red Cross Committee there to gather the gg
information in the whole Red Bird River area of Clay County  
through the nurses of the F. N. S. and the Fordson employees.  ¥ ·
A few days later the Red Cross representatives (Mrs. Hartley A 
for Red Bird and Miss Richards for the Middle Fork) came ·i
_ in to these territories, and they have been rare good sports,  
A riding bad trails and walking where riding was impossible. The  
Hyden Red Cross Committee, which oversubscribed its quota  {
by five times for the Louisville-Cincinnati flood, is now in the  Q
position of seeking help through the Red Cross from the outside  ?
for the relief of its own people.  ;
As we go to press we are getting written reports from our  ll
various outpost centers, as well as Nora Kelly’s first-hand re- _`? 
port from the Clara Ford and Caroline Butler Atwood nursing  
centers on Red Bird River. Typical is the report of Eva Gil- 3
bert, who writes from Bowlingtown that the water came to the l
second loft of the store on Mrs. William Barger’s place; that 1;
the Will Bowling house had water to the ceiling of the first
floor; that the Hannah Barger place had water to the mantel;
that nearly three feet of water came into the Floyd Bowling -
house, where she had a two-weeks’-old baby, and that Floyd .
had only saved the meat-house by tying it to trees; that the  
road had ten feet of water in it in some places, and was badly .
washed with many slips. She writes that one family, with a “
new-born baby, got out in time but that the house was com- ;
pletely turned around by the flood. She was troubled when she  

  lv }  ?
J Fizommn mmsmc. snnvicm v
  wrote because she had not been able to get to one of her ex-
  pectant mothers, with high blood pressure, because of the mire
` and the quicksand between. Another distressing situation was
IK that of Mrs. Oscar Begley, whose house, with everything in it,
{ burned to the ground before the flood. Mrs. Begley grabbed
i her ten—day—old baby and the next older child and ran out with
J
{ them in her bare feet, into the wet and cold.
_ ` At Possum Bend the nurses, Holly and Scottie, with Ray
. Langdon, a local volunteer, are still engaged in filling the ques-
 _ tionnaires for the Red Cross in the Confluence area. They have
_, , not covered all of the five miles down the river and the five
  miles up the river, with the tributary creeks, as yet, because of
  the quicksand and mire, and heavy midwifery and nursing work.
 %  Reports on the first families they have seen show thirty houses
I  inundated and two completely washed away.
 Qi The nurses at Beech Fork (Jessie Preston Draper Center),
 { Ellie and Vi, are also engaged in covering their territory for
 , the Red Cross, while they carry on with their nursing and mid-
  wifery. As their districts are the furthest up the river of any
  we cover, the devastation hasn’t been as bad in that area, but it
 g is still bad enough. The only part of our territory where dam-
 3 age has been comparatively slight is that on Bullskin Creek,
‘.  namely the Belle Barrett Hughitt Center at Brutus. Mickle
 Q Major and Minnie Meeke report a raging creek, and heavy
 i travel because of the muck and mire afterwards, but the area
 J? has not suffered like all the others which are on the rivers.
  Of course the F. N. S. is cooperating with the State Board
’ of Health and its local officers in preventative measures. In-
i  numerable wells have been flooded with filthy water and must
· be cleaned and chlorinated. We haven’t much of a problem
in our section as regards typhoid inoculations, because most of
our people are regularly inoculated every two years.
  The rise of water varies on different parts of the rivers,
A with estimates as high as thirty-five feet on the lower reaches.
‘ On Red Bird, Aunt Jane Ledford, who has lived in the same
_l house for sixty years, says that the flood was higher by some
feet than any tide she had ever seen. On the Middle Fork, be-
{ tween Wendover and Hyden, Uncle Jess Bowling has kept

 5.
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. 8 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN  
   t
"marks" of tides since 1861. This flood is 3% feet beyond any  
previous "mark".  
The weekly newspaper, Thousandsticks, printed at Hyden,  
states that the Middle Fork flood is about six feet higher than i
any past records show. [
i If Conrad thought it "impertinent" that a little country W,
like Wales had such awesome scenery, we may well agree that g
it is impertinent for little rivers to carry such widespread de- J
struction along their shores.  T
 
THE YELT LAYER CAKE  
Ingredients: _  
3 yolks of eggs % cup of cream or milk  
1 white of egg beaten stiff 2 teaspoonsful baking powder  
5 oz. butter 1 teaspoonful vanilla  
10 oz. flour 1 pinch of salt  `.
Method:  j
CI`€&l|l the butter, add sugar, eggs, cream and vanilla, lastly dry ingredients  
already well mixed. Bake in quick oven 7 minutes. The two whites of egg  _'
that are left can be used for icing as follows: 1.
COCOANUT ICING V;
El, lb. icing sugar I.
2 whites of egg beaten quite stiff —
Dessicated cocoanut t0 taste.  
Fill the layers and coat over with this mixture, sprinkling a little dry cocoanut {
on top when finished. '· 
CHOCOLATE ICING Jl
l
{Q lb. hard chocolate  
Vt lb. icing sugar  i
2 whites of egg beaten stiH ‘.
I-landful of shelled walnuts chopped fine  `
CZOVCF tilC (Y2ll{€ ll] thi} Sillll€ lllZlllIl(?1` flflli [)lilCC il f€\\` \\'iIOi(:’ YVLlilllltS Oil tO]) to
. decorate
Or- y
Do not divide the eggs but make the cake with 2 whole eggs and use bananas ll 
cut in strips as a filling, together with a little strawberry jam. This cake is  
not iced.  .
~—-Contributed by Mrs. T. James of The Yelt, Doveridge, Derbyshire, England. lr 
f
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 i.
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.; -
“i
 
 
  FnoNr1na NURSING snnvicn 9
 §i FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE COOPERATIVE
% HANDKNITTERS
[Q
  By NORA K. KELLEY, n. N., s. c. M.
 g Flat Creek Knitting Class
  (Caroline Butler Atwood Nursing Center)
 { On the 15th day of April, 1937, a small group of children,
  ages varying from nine years to sixteen years, met at the Fron-
 y tier Nursing Service Center at Flat Creek in order to learn to
ei knit. They had come at my invitation given while visiting the
  homes on my daily rounds.
  I thought perhaps five or six children would come; but we
 J were twenty-three in all, counting Miss Ellison, a new nurse,
  and Mrs. Mary Combs, who is one of our local women and
 I keenly interested in quilting and knitting. I explained to them
  the object of this meeting.
 Y 1st—That each child buy her own knitting needles at cost—ten cents a
pair—in cash or kind. (Namely: eggs, ears of corn, labor.)
 J 2nd—That each child learn to knit plain, to purl and to cast on.
{ 3rd——\Vhen she was considered able, we would supply enough yarn to
 _ enable her to knit hcr own sweater under our direction.
. 4·th—-—That all mistakes made when knitting at home be rectified in class
 \; by unravelling if necessary.
{ 5th—'l`hat when the sweater was finished, pressed and sewn up, each
 i knitter could buy her sweater for 15c.
 { 6th-—That hands be washed in the clinic before beginning to work.
 i 7th——That we meet at a set time once a week only.
{ 8th——'l`hat our class be confined to girls over nine years; up to 18 or 20
  }’€l\1‘S; bllt 110lZ IIlElI`I`l€(l \VOlll€I].
`A Our materials on hand to start with were:
‘ 20 pairs knitting needles—$2.00
New and old ya1·n, which I had collected from friends in America,
and while on holiday in England.
Miss Ellison and Mrs. Combs were both able knitters and
, very soon we had several children started. Some of them knew
2  a little about knitting alread , which was a great hel J as I was
J C 1
 . able to use them to help teach, as well as give them instructions.
 z Between April 15th, 1937, and January 15th, 1938, Mrs.
M Combs and I, with occasional help from passing couriers and
[ 
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li
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- 10 THE QUARTERLY Burnnrm  
nurses, taught some eighty children to knit. Our class num-  
bered over sixty at times and we had to divide and make two  
classes in order to handle that number of young people. They l
made during that period 120 sweaters for themselves and their l<
families.    
Except for money spent on knitting needles, for which I  
was reimbursed by the knitters, the class was run entirely by N
the generosity of friends who sent in both new and old yarns. ;
Many shipments of yarn received at the Frontier Nursing Ser- (
vice headquarters were handed over to the knitting class. ·
At about this time I began to receive various inquiries from  {
people asking if we would knit bed socks or sweaters for orders.  
I realized that we could not continue to depend on the gener- _
osity of our friends for our existence any longer. But all the [
children were so keen to keep on knitting just for the sake of (
something to do with their spare time, and also for the very  I
· real pleasure which they got from making and completing some-
_ thing beautiful, that I felt we could not suddenly cease to func-  ‘
tion. I was faced with these facts: (1) Yarn is most expen— ,
sive. (2) Could we get a market for knitted goods? I dis- ii
cussed this with Bland Morrow who said she had just received   ·
some special gift checks which she thought could be used in  
this connection. After some considerable thought, I decided to YQ
- take the plunge. ` I
Beginning of the F. N. S. Cooperatiixe Hanclknitters  e
3 January 15th, 1938, I made my proposal to the class, not  
entirely without misgivings. I explained:  
1. That in order to continue we had to make ourselves self-supporting. ` 
2. That they would be paid for satisfactory completed work.
’ 3. That only the best work could be accepted.
=i·. That when the work was sold, after paying the knitters and paying  Y
for the yarn, the profits would be spent on suitable yarn, wholesale, which ~
would be sold to the people in the district at ie and 5e per ounce below cost.
, 5. That we call ourselves the Frontier Nursing Service Cooperative
Handknitters.
6. That we would continue with the Preliminary Instruction Class for  
new girls who could not knit, under the same rules as before. 2.
  The class received the proposal with much enthusiasm and  
we started work on our first orders, which were three pairs of  
bed socks for Mrs. Mary Breckinridge, Director of the Frontier *
e

  
i
E1
 
il
N raonrma Nuasmc snavrcn 11
vi . . . . . .
li Nursing Service, Miss Bessie Waller, nurse-midwife of the F. N.
l S., and Miss Ethel Lawton, Christian Worker, respectively. Then
1 followed orders for sweaters, tennis socks, boot socks, cardi-
ft gans, also baby sweaters. At the same time knitters began
  work on garments in advance of orders to have some stock on
il hand.
We now had three groups of girls:
l 1. The expert knitters of the Cooperative, working on
orders.
 ·1 2. The new girls in the Instruction Class, 1n various
 i stages of learning to knit.
· 3. Girls and women who bought the yarn at the cut-rate
and who came for help in working out sweaters for
=; themselves or their families, and because work to-
  gether had become a social event.
  In the year from January 15, 1938, to January 15, 1939,
V the Cooperative group has made 43 sweaters. The following
 . report accounts for the work of this more advanced group.
.§ Frontier Nursing Service Cooperative Hcindlcnitters
  Balance Sheet of First Year, January 15, 1938-January 15, 1939
  RECEIPTS DISBURSEMENTS
 { Donations: Yarn bought for orders and
. Miss Adele \Vilkins--..$25.00 for district .._... ... _.... _$135.38
 I Mrs. E. J. Horsley ..._ 2.00 Paid to knitters for orders
| Mr. Charles Bowditch- 10.00 completed ....._...... ...-- 62.75
 {V] A Friend .._........ 5.00 Needles bought ____._..._.. 4·.51
‘1 A Friend ...__...... 2.00 $-14.00 -——
 · Sale of needles to district Total Disbursements ...... $202.64
 2 kuittcrs ............__.... 4.00
` Bought yarn sold at cut-rate
 s to district ......._........ 30.84
 E Orders filled _.....__._..._. 122.05
  Total Receipts .......... $200.89
V STOCK ON HAND INCLUDES:
Sweaters and socks—valuc ......... $44.20
. XVork still on needles-—value ..__.... 20.00
. Needles ._......._.. . ._.......___.. 1.00
Odd yarn ._...__................. 12.95
$78.15
  Beech Fork Knitting Class
li (Jessie Preston Draper Nursing Center)
  In November, 1938, we began with a small group of chil-
j dren in our Beech Fork area. The enthusiasm of the girls is
l

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_ iz THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN  
most refreshing. They travel long distances and seem to hail  
the class as quite an event. I could not help comparing their T]
enthusiasm with the dismal feelings of my own childhood days  
» when I approached the one hour each week set aside for knit- \"
ting. As I helped one child after another to master the intri-   if
cacy of in, over, out, off,—I heard the excited whisperings be- ; S
hind me of some one who had just mastered it: "I can knit, To
I can knit!" Already we have ten or twelve girls meeting each '|
week. Some have almost completed their first sweaters. When 5
these girls are able enough knitters, we shall start a cooperative  gg
group at this center also.   it
In time The Frontier Nursing Service Cooperative Handknit-  Ji
ters will be established at all our centers, and in each area will  Wi
be self—supporting. For the Prelimtncwry Instruction Classes  
we still need, and will gratefully dcknowledge, gifts of new and  
old yarn.  
The following are a few incidents connected with the knit-  fi
I ting classes: · {
_ A little girl: "Please may I come to the class on Saturday  1
because I am nine years old on Sunday‘?" { 
A mother knitting a sweater for her husband, who is a  n
teacher and is going off to college, says he must have his college  
colors in it.  
` A man comes down to collect our scrap yarn for his mother  {
over 70 who is suffering from lack of memory, and who is only g
happy when knitting socks for her grandchildren.  
s
A mother who has learned to knit from her little daughter, Q?
now sends off the family sheep’s wool to be made into yarn, and
V has this winter knitted socks and a sweater for each member of 1
the family. F
LETTER FROM A YOUNG FRIEND i
"Mary, I have join the church. I feel much better than I did when I  
\\'&lS ll SIIIIICI'." I  
2
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  rnonrnan Nunsmc snavior. is
l sg · » we
{ x-\ { \i,
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l' / ‘ \ \ A   ` - x  fn ·_ 7
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 ‘¥   e ~ -.1’j     ";  
 I1
 , COWS .
  By LOUISE IRELAND, Cleveland Courier
  Two uppers
 Q Four lowers
 _ Two hookers ·
' Two lockers
` And cc swishy-swish
Q Cows have absolutely nothing in common with me except
  cottage cheese and chocolate milk shakes. Because of my ex-
 ii treme joy in indulging in these two bi-products of the cow I
 c have managed to preserve respect for her.
  However, I almost lost this when I had to drive Newdelia
C, and her daughter Britannia from Beech Fork to Wendover. Peb-
  ble Stone and I were sent on the mission mounted on Lassie and
  Gloria (the two extremes in horse Hesh). It was truly a prob-
V lem for a cow psychologist and not two feminine couriers. But
l we worked the problem out very carefully and shared the diffi-
culties by changing posts on the hour. To all amateur cattle
id drivers we advise the rope-around—the-horns and the switch-
if behind method. Of course, this way may not prove satisfactory
é under all conditions, which vary according to the age, traveling
4 experience, hunger, thirst, etc., of the animal. Fortunately,
Z Britannia was very much dependent (every fifteen minutes) on
2
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[1
- 14 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN ig
. l
her mother for her food supply. This aided greatly in keeping ·g
the party more or less together. ·i
Rivers, stray live stock, steep hills, and tasty foliage proved  
to be the greatest difficulties we encountered. The latter two Q
are self-explanatory. But the river crossings were extremely {
annoying. None of our beasts could agree upon drinking at "
the same ford. Those not drinking continually attemped to lie i
down and cool off. Kicking and switching proved the most ef- A
fective way to overcome this. The live stock problem was the
most difficult to handle. Cows, pigs, chickens, geese and little Q
children crowded our trail. The pigs and cattle took extreme ‘
joy in playing possum in the center of the road. Detours usually T
involved going half way up a mountain or descending into a  ·l
river.
When we iinally got within a quarter of a mile of our des- T
tination, Newdelia folded, with the determination which only a
' cow has. Naturally her daughter followed suit. Not until the _
postman came along on his mule did they arise. By one simple M
l word (unknown to amateurs) he accomplished the task on which .1
· T Pebble and I had wasted all our tact and force. T
‘ Let this experience of mine be something to haunt the  
dreams of all couriers (new and old). g  l
- NOTE: Louise Ireland made the charming drawing that heads this  
Story. It shows Pebble, Louise, Lassie and Gloria, Newdelia and Britannia, “l
`¤ all in motion. The verses under the picture were contributed by Mary ,l
, Elizabeth Rogan, Cincinnati courier, when she and Mary Gordon of Pitts- _
burgh took Blinkie from VVendover to Brutus in the spring of 1936. This i
Ei trip lasted three days as they took the f