xt770r9m5z1c https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt770r9m5z1c/data/mets.xml Lexington, Ky. University of Kentucky 2005 The University of Kentucky Gradute Schools course catalogs contain bound volumes dating from 1926 through 2005. After 2005, the course catalogs ceased to be printed and became available online only. course catalogs English University of Kentucky Copyright retained by the University of Kentucky. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. University of Kentucky Graduate School course catalogs University of Kentucky: Graduate School Bulletin, Fall 2005 text University of Kentucky: Graduate School Bulletin, Fall 2005 2005 2005 2020 true xt770r9m5z1c section xt770r9m5z1c UK UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY

 

Graduate School
Bulletin

Fall 2005

 

  

 

  

VISION, MISSION, VALUES STATEMENT

Adopted by the University Board of Trustees
Aprfl1,2003

VISION

The University of Kentucky will be one of the nation's 20 best public research universities, an institution recognized world—wide for
excellence in teaching, research, and service and a catalyst for intellectual, social, cultural, and economic development.

MISSION

The University of Kentucky is a public, research-extensive, land grant university dedicated to enriching people’s lives through
excellence in teaching, research, and service.
The University of Kentucky:

° Facilitates learning, informed by scholarship and research.

' Expands knowledge through research, scholarship and creative activity.

' Serves a global community by disseminating, sharing and applying knowledge.

The University, as the flagship institution, plays a critical leadershi
development that improves lives within Kentuck
by fairness and social justice.

p role for the Commonwealth by promoting human and economic
y‘s borders and beyond. The University models a diverse community characterized

VALUES

The values of the University guide our decisions and behavior. Our core values are:

lntegrity

' Academic excellence and freedom

' Mutual respect and human dignity

Diversity of thought, culture, gender. and ethnicity
Personal and institutional responsibility and accountability
Shared governance

A sense of community

Sensitivity to work-life concerns

Civic responsibility

 

   
   

Apply on the Web

For faster processing of your Graduate School application for admission, apply on the
Web. Goto:

www.research.uky.edu/gs/

and click on “Admission.” You can also pay your application fee by credit card and
check your application status here.

 

    
   
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
 
  
 
 

 

 
   

 

 
 

  

 University of Kentucky

Graduate School
Bulletin

Fall 2005

The official version of this Bulletin can be found on the Web at
www.research.uky.edu/gs/bulletin/current/bulletin.html

 

 

 CONTENTS

Calendar ................................................................................ 3
Administration ........................................................................ 7
Graduate School Staff ............................................................ 8
The Graduate School .............................................................. 9
Graduate Admission ............................................................. 14
General Regulations ............................................................. 20
Advanced Degrees .............................................................. 24
General Information .............................................................. 32
Degree Requirements .......................................................... 35
Directors of Graduate Studies .............................................. 40
Graduate Degree Programs ................................................. 42
OtherGraduate Courses ..................................................... 136
Graduate Certificates ......................................................... 138
Residency Policy ................................................................ 142
Index ................................................................................... 145
Campus Map ...................................................................... 148

 

The University of Kentucky is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of
Colleges and Schools (1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, Georgia 30033-4097: Telephone number 404-679-
4501) to award undergraduate, graduate and professional degrees.

 

COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATIONS

The University of Kentucky is committed to a policy of providing educational
opportunities to all qualified students regardless of economic orsocial status, and will
not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, marital status, beliefs, age,
national origin, sexual orientation, or physical or mental disability.

Compliance with Title IX ofthe Educational Amendments of 1 972, which prohibits sex
discrimination, and with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is coordinated by Mr.
Terry Allen, Affirmative Action Office, 8 Administration Building, (859) 257-8927.

Efforts to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to people with disabilities
are also coordinated by the Affirmative Action Office, as required by Section 504 ofthe
Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

Questions concerning compliance with regulations may be directed to UK’s
Affirmative Action Office, orto the Director ofthe Office for Civil Rights, U .S. Department
of Education, Washington, DC.

The University is in compliance with the Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 and the
Drug—Free Schools and Communities Act Amendment of 1989. Questions may be
directed to the Vice President for Student Affairs orthe Office ofthe Director of Human
Resources Services.

Questions about admission to the University should be directed to the appropriate
admissions office.

 

 CALENDAR

Students should check the Schedule of Classes each semester for any calendar changes which may have been approved after

publication of this Bulletin.

2005 Fall Semester

February 1—Tuesday—Deadline for Health Sciences, Dietet-
ics, Interior Design, and Nursing applications to be submitted
to the Graduate School for the 2005 Fall Semester

February 1—Tuesday—Deadline for international applications
to be submitted to the Graduate School for the 2005 Fall
Semester

April 15—Friday—Deadline for applying with college deans for
reinstatement after a second academic suspension for the
2005 Fall Semester

July 18—Monday—Deadline for applying for admission to a
program in the Graduate School for the 2005 Fall Semester.
Applications for readmission, post—baccalaureate status, and
visiting student status will be accepted after the deadline.

July 22-28—Friday through Thursday—Add/Drop for registered
students

August 3 —Wednesday—Last day for students in the Employee
Educational Program registered through August 4 to submit
EEP form to Human Resource Services to confirm 2005 Fall
Semester registration and tuition waiver

August 4 —Thursday——Payment deadline for payment of regis-
tration tees and/or housing and dining fees

August 10—Wednesday—Deadline for applying to the Gradus
ate School for readmission, post-baccalaureate status, and
visiting student status for the 2005 Fall Semester in order to
register before the beginning of classes and avoid late fee

August 16-22—Tuesday through Sunday—Fall registration for
students who entered the University in either the 2005 First
Summer Session or Second Summer Session

August 16-22—Tuesday through Sunday—Registration for new
program graduate students

August 16—21—Tuesday through Friday—Add/Drop for regis—
tered students

August 18-22——Thursday through Monday—Fall registration for
new post-baccalaureate students admitted for the First Sum-
mer Session, Second Summer Session, or Fall Semester

August 19——Friday——Registration for new international stu-
dents who have been cleared for admission but did not
advance register

August 19-20—Friday through Saturday——Registration for
Evening/Weekend students

August 22—Monday—Registration for new students who have
been cleared for admission but did not priority register

August 23—Tuesday—Last day a student may officially drop a
course or cancel registration with the University Registrar for
a full refund of fees

August 24—Wednesday—First day of classes

August 24-30—Wednesday through Tuesday—Late registra-
tion for returning students who did not priority register and new

applicants cleared late for admission. A late fee is assessed
students who register during this time period.

August 30 —Tuesday—Last day to officially withdraw from the
University or reduce course load and receive an 80 percent
refund

August 30 —Tuesday—~Last day to add a class for the 2005 Fall
Semester

August 30 —Tuesday—-Last day for students in the Employee
Educational Program who registered and/or changed sched-
ules after August 3 to submit EEP form to Human Resource
Services to confirm 2005 Fall Semester registration and
tuition waiver

September 5 —Monday——Labor Day—Academic Holiday

September 14—Wednesday—Last day to change grading op-
tion (pass/fail to letter grade or letter grade to pass/fail; credit
to audit or audit to credit)

September 14—Wednesday—Last day to drop a course with-
out it appearing on the student's transcript

September 16‘—Friday—Last day for reinstatement of stu-
dents cancelled for nonpayment of registration fees and/or
housing and dining fees. Requires payment of fees and may
require payment of reinstatement fee.

September 21—Wednesday—Last day to officially withdraw
from the University or reduce course load and receive a 50
percent refund

September 22—Thursday——Last day for filing an application for
a December degree in college dean's office

September 22—Thursday—Deadline for submission of appli—
cation and all required documents to the Office ofthe Registrar
for change of residency status for 2005 Fall Semester

October 6—Thursday—Last day for doctoral candidates for a
December degree to submit a Notification of Intent to sched-
ule a final examination in the Graduate School

October 7—Friday——Fall Break—Academic Holiday
October 17—Monday—Midterm of 2005 Fall Semester

October21—Friday—Last day to withdraw from the University or
reduce course load and receive any refund. Students can
withdraw or reduce course load after this date only for "urgent
non—academic reasons."

October 31 -November 23—Monday through Wednesday—Pri—
ority Registration for the 2006 Spring Semester

November 17 ——Thursday—Last day for candidates for a De-
cember degree to schedule a final examination in the Gradu-
ate School

November 24-26—Thursday through Saturday—Thanksgiv-
ing—Academic Holidays

November 30-December 19—Wednesday through Thursday—
Add/Drop for registered students for the 2006 Spring Semes-
ter

CALENDAR / 3

 

 December 1—Thursday—Last day for candidates for a Decem—
ber graduate degree to sit for a final examination

December 5 ~—Monday—Deadline for applying for admission to
a program in the Graduate School for the 2006 Spring Semes-
ter. Applications for readmission, post-baccalaureate status,
and visiting student status will be accepted after the deadline.

December 7 —Wednesday—Last day for students in the Em-
ployee Educational Program registered through December 7
to submit EEP form to Human Resource Services to confirm
2006 Spring Semester registration and tuition waiver

December 9—Friday—Last day of classes

December 11-16—Monday through Friday—Final Examina-
tions

December 1 4—Wednesday—Deadiine forapplying to the Gradu—
ate School for readmission, post-baccalaureate status, and
visiting student status for the 2006 Spring Semester in order
to register before the beginning of classes and avoid late fee

December 16—Friday—End of 2005 Fall Semester

December 16—Friday—Last day for candidates for a Decem-
ber degree to submit a thesis/dissertation to the Graduate
School

December 19—Monday—Final deadline for submission of
grades to the Registrar‘s Office by 4 pm.

*These dates are subject to change.

2006 Spring Semester

June 15, 2005—Wedsday—Deadline for international applica-
tions to be submitted to the Graduate School for the 2006
Spring Semester

September 15, 2005—Thursday—Deadline for applying with
college deans for reinstatement after a second academic
suspension for the Spring Semester

November 30—December 19, 2005—Wednesday through Mon-
day—Add/Drop for registered students for the 2006 Spring
Semester

December 5, 2005—Monday—Deadline for applying for admis-
sion to a program in the Graduate School for the 2006 Spring
Semester. Applications for readmission, post-baccalaureate
status, and visiting student status will be accepted after the
deadline.

December 7. 2OOS—Wednesday—Last day for students in the
Employee Educational Program registered through Decem-
ber 7 to submit EEP form to Human Resource Services to
confirm 2006 Spring Semester registration and tuition de—
frayal

December 14, 2005—Wednesday—Deadline for applying to
the Graduate School for readmission, post—baccalaureate
status, and visiting student status for the 2006 Spring Semes—
ter in order to register before the beginning of classes and
avoid late fee

December 15*, 2005—Thursday—Payment deadline for regis-
tration fees and/or housing and dining fees

January 4-9—Wednesday through Monday—Registration for
new program graduate students

January 5-9~Thursday through Monday—Registration for new
post-baccalaureate students

4 / CALENDAR

January 6—7—Friday and Saturday—Registration for Evening/
Weekend and new graduate students

January 9—Monday—-Registration for new students who have
been cleared for admission but did not priority register

January {MO—Monday and Tuesday—Opening-of—term add/
drop for registered students

January 10—Tuesday—Last day a student may officially drop a
course or cancel registration with the University Registrar for
a full refund of fees

January 11—Wednesday—First day of classes

January 11-18—Wednesday through Wednesday—Late regis-
tration for returning students who did not priority register and
new applicants cleared late for admission. A late fee is
assessed students who register during this time period.

January 16—Monday—Martin Luther King Birthday—Academic
Holiday

January 18—Wednesday—Last day to add a class for the 2006
Spring Semester

January 18—Wednesday—Last day to officially withdraw from
the University or reduce course load and receive an 80 percent
refund

January 18——Wednesday—Last day for students in the Em-
ployee Educational Program who registered and/or changed
schedules after December 7 to submit EEP form to Human
Resource Services to confirm 2006 Spring Semester regis-
tration and tuition defrayal

February 1—Wednesday—Deadline for international applica-
tions to be submitted to the Graduate School for the 2006 Fall
Semester

February 1—Wednesday—Last day to drop a course without it
appearing on the student's transcript

February 1—Wednesday—Last day to change grading option
(pass/fail to letter grade or letter grade to pass/fail; credit to
audit or audit to credit)

February 3*—Friday—Last day for reinstatement of students
cancelled for nonpayment of registration fees and/or housing
and dining fees. Requires payment of fees and may require
payment of a reinstatement fee.

February 8—Wednesday—Last day to officially withdraw from
the University or reduce course load and receive a 50 percent
refund

February 9—Thursday—Last day for filing an application for a
May degree in college dean's office

February 9—Thursday—Deadline for submission of applica-
tion and all required documents to the Office of the Registrar
for change of residency status for 2006 Spring Semester

February 23—Thursday—Last day for doctoral candidates for a
May degree to submit a Notification of Intent to schedule a final
examination in the Graduate School

March 6—Monday—Midterm of 2006 Spring Semester

March 10—Friday—Last day to withdraw from the University or
reduce course load and receive any refund. Students can
withdraw or reduce course load after this date only for ”urgent
non—academic reasons."

March 13-18—Monday through Saturday—Spring Vacation—
Academic Holidays

 

 

 March 27-April tQ—Monday through Wednesday—Priority reg-
istration for the 2006 Fall Semester and both 2006 Summer
Sessions

April 6 —Thursday—Last day for candidates for a May degree to
schedule a final examination in the Graduate School

April 7 —Friday—Deadline for applying for admission to a
program in the Graduate School for the 2006 Summer Ses-
sions. Applications for readmission, post—baccalaureate sta-
tus, and visiting student status will be accepted after the
deadline.

April 20—Thursday—Last day for candidates for a May graduate
degree to sit for a final examination

April 26—Wednesday—Deadline for applying to the Graduate
School for readmission, post-baccalaureate status, and vis—
iting student status for the 2006 First Summer Session in
order to register May 8 and avoid late fee

April 28 —Friday——Last day of classes

May 1—5—Monday through Friday—Final Examinations

May 2—8—Tuesday through Monday—First Summer Session
registration and add/drop continue for students enrolled in the
2006 Spring Semester

May 2—June 7 —Tuesday through Wednesday—Second Sum—

mer Session registration and add/drop continue for students
enrolled in the 2006 Spring Semester

May 2—June 17—Tuesday through Saturday—Add/Drop for pri-
ority registered students for the 2006 Fall Semester

May 5 —Friday—Last day for candidates for a May degree to
submit a thesis/dissertation to the Graduate School

May 5 ——Friday—End of 2006 Spring Semester
May 7 —Sunday—Commencement

May 8 —Monday—Final deadline for submission of grades to
the Registrar's Office by 4 pm.

*These dates are subject to change.

2006 First Summer Session

April 8—Saturday—Deadline for applying for admission to a
program in the Graduate School for the 2006 Summer Ses-
sions. Applications for readmission, post—baccalaureate sta—
tus, and visiting student status will be accepted after the
deadline.

April 26—Wednesday—Deadline for applying to the Graduate
School for readmission, post-baccalaureate status, and vis-
iting student status for the 2006 First Summer Session in
order to register May 6 and avoid late fee

May 2-8—Tuesday through Monday~First Summer Session
registration and add/drop continue for students enrolled in the
2006 Spring Semester

May 8—Monday—Fiegistration for new students

May 8—Monday—Payment deadline for payment of registration
fees and/or housing and dining

May 9—Tuesday—Last day a student may officially drop a
course or cancel registration with the University Registrar for
a full refund of fees

May 9—Tuesday—First day of classes

May 9-10—Tuesday through Friday—Late registration for re—
turning students not already registered and new applicants
cleared late for admission. A late fee is assessed students
who register late.

May 10—Wednesday—Last day to enter an organized class for
the 2006 First Summer Session

May 10—Wednesday—Last day to officially withdraw from the
University or reduce course load and receive an 80 percent
refund

May 10—Wednesday—Last day for students in the Employee
Educational Program to submit EEP form to Human Fte~
sources Services for tuition defrayal for the 2006 First Sum-
mer Session

May 15—Monday—Last day to drop a course without it appear-
ing on the student's transcript

May 15—Monday—Last day to change grading option (pass/fail
to letter grade or letter grade to pass/fail; credit to audit or audit
to credit) in college dean's office

May 16—Tuesday—Last day to officially withdraw from the
University or reduce course load and receive a 50 percent
refund

May 17-June 7—Wednesday through Wednesday—Second
Summer Session registration and add/drop for students who
entered the University in the 2006 First Summer Session

May 22—Monday——Midterm of 2006 First Summer Session

May 24—Wednesday—Last day to withdraw from the University
or reduce course load and receive any refund. Students can
withdraw or reduce course load after this date only for "urgent
non~academic reasons."

May 24—Wednesday—Deadline for applying to the Graduate
School for readmission, post-baccalaureate status, and vis-
iting student status for the 2006 Second Summer Session in
order to register before the beginning of classes and avoid
late fee

May 29—Monday—Memorial Day — Academic Holiday

May 31—Wednesday—Last day for doctoral candidates for an
August degree to submit a Notification of intent to schedule a
final examination in the Graduate School

June 1*—Thursday—Last day for reinstatement of students
cancelled for nonpayment of registration fees and/or housing
and dining fees. Requires payment of fees and may require
payment of a reinstatement fee.

June 6—Tuesday—Final Examinations
June 6—Tuesday—End of the 2006 First Summer Session

June 9—Friday—Final deadline for submission of grades to the
Registrar's Office by 12 noon

*These dates are subject to change.
2006 Second Summer Session

April 7—Friday—Deadline for applying for admission to a pro-
gram in the Graduate School for the 2006 Summer Sessions.
Applications for readmission, post—baccalaureate status, and
visiting student status will be accepted after the deadline.

May 2-June 7—Tuesday through Wednesday—Second Sum-
mer Session registration and add/drop continue for students
enrolled in the 2006 Spring Semester

CALENDAR / 5

 

 May 17-June 7~Wednesday through Wednesday—Second
registration and add/drop for students who entered the Uni-
versity in the 2006 First Summer Session

May 24—-Wednesday——Deadline for applying to the Graduate
School for readmission, post-baccalaureate status, and vis-
iting student status for the 2006 Second Summer Session in
order to register before the beginning of classes and avoid
late fee

May 29—Monday—Memorial Day - Academic Holiday

May 31—Wednesday—Last day for doctoral candidates for an
August degree to submit a Notification of lntent to schedule a
final examination in the Graduate School

June 6—Tuesday—Registration for Evening/Weekend and new
graduate students

June 7—Wednesday—Registration for new students

June 7—Wednesday—Payment deadline for registration fees
and/or housing and dining fees

June B—Thursday—Last day a student may officially drop a
course or cancel registration with the University Registrar for
a full refund of fees

June 8—Thursday—First day of classes

June 8-9—Thursday through Friday—Late registration for re—
turning students not already registered and new applicants
cleared late for admission. A late fee is assessed students
who register late.

June 9—Friday—Last day to enter an organized class for the
2006 Second Summer Session

June 9—Friday—Last day to officially withdraw from the Univer-
sity or reduce course load and receive an 80 percent refund

June 9—Friday—Last day for students in the Employee Educa—
tional Program to submit EEP form to Human Resource
Services for tuition waiver for the 2006 Second Summer
Session

June 15—Thursday—Deadline for international applications to
be submitted to the Graduate School for the 2006 Spring
Semester

June 19~Monday—Last day to drop a course without it appear—
ing on the student‘s transcript

June 19—Monday—Last day to change grading option (pass/
fail to letter grade or letter grade to pass/fail; credit to audit or
audit to credit)

6 / CALENDAR

June 22—Thursday—Last day to officially withdraw from the
University or reduce course load and receive a 50 percent
refund

June 23—Friday—Last day for filing an application for an August
degree in college dean‘s office

June 29*—Thursday—Last day for reinstatement of students
cancelled for nonpayment of registration fees and/or housing
and dining fees. Requires payment of fees and may require
payment of a reinstatement fee

July 4—Tuesday—lndependence Day—Academic Holiday
July G—Thursday—Midterm of 2006 Second Summer Session

July 12—Wednesday—Last day to withdraw from the University
or reduce course load and receive any refund. Students can
withdraw or reduce course load after this date only for "urgent
non—academic reasons."

July 12—Wednesday—Last day for candidates for an August
degree to schedule a final examination in the Graduate
School

July 21—Friday—Deadline for applying for admission to a
program in the Graduate School for the 2006 Fall Semester.
Applications for readmission, post—baccalaureate status, and
visiting student status will be accepted after the deadline

July 26—Wednesday—Last day for candidates for an August
graduate degree to sit for a final examination

August 2~Wednesday—Last day for registered students in the
Employee Educational Program who registered through Au-
gust 3 to submit EEP form to Human Resource Services to
confirm 2006 Fall Semester registration and tuition waiver

August 3—Thursday—End of the 2006 Second Summer Ses-
sion

August S—Thursday—Last day for candidates for an August
degree to submit a thesis/dissertation to the Graduate School

August S—Thursday—Final Examinations

August 7—Monday—Final deadline for submission of grades
to the Registrar‘s Office by 12 noon

*These dates are subject to change.

 

 

 

 ADMINISTRATION

1

Lee T. Todd Jr., Ph.D.
University President

M. Scott Smith, Ph.D.
interim University Provost

Jeannine Blackwell, Ph.D.
Dean of the Graduate School

Brian Jackson, Ph.D.
SeniorAssociate Dean

Kwaku Addo, Ph.D.
Associate Dean

ADMINISTRATION /7

 

 GRADUATE SCHOOL STAFF

Office of the Dean

Dr. Jeannine Blackwell, Dean
Roshan Nikou
Kellie Etheridge

Academic Administration

Dr. Brian Jackson, Sr. Associate Dean
Patricia Bond, Assistant Dean
Patty Henry

Administrative and Fiscal Affairs

JenniferWalton, Director
TBA

Admissions

Maureen Barker
Vivian Bowling

Cyndy Clark

Kathy lce

April Short
Assessment

Dr. Onecia Gibson
Data Processing and Mail Center
Karen Davidson
Deborah Price
Degree Certification
Helen Kenney

Eric Morrow

8/ GRADUATE SCHOOL STAFF

(859) 257-1759
(859) 257-1457
(859) 257-1759

(859) 257-4905
(859)257—4905
(859) 257-4905

(859) 257-4121
(859)257-6051

(859)257-7129
(859)257-4619
(859) 257-4615
(859)257-4818
(859) 257-61 1 1

(859)257-5851

(859)258-5403
(859)257-3603

(859)257-4814
(859)257-8142

Development
Sharon Ross

(859)257-8013

Distance Learning, Faculty, and Programs

Cleo Price, Assistant Dean
Fellowship Office

Dr. Pat Whitlow, Assistant Dean
Kami Dibble

Tom Hanna

Jesse Moyers

Jonathan Prasse

Patricia Rowland

Graduate Council
Roshan Nokou

Graduate Student Development
Dr. Carolyn Carter

Information Desk
TBA
Recruitment

Dr. Kwaku Addo, Associate Dean
Anora Johnson

Webmaster
Mary Kelly

(859)257-241 1

(859)257-3261
859) 257-3281
)

(
(859 257—3261
(859)257-3281
(859)257-3261
(859)257-3281
(859)257—1457
(869)257-9725
(859)257-4813

(859) 257-4555
(859)257-4555

(859)257-5222

 

 THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
h__‘

Research at the University of
Kentuclw

The University of Kentucky is the major graduate and research
institution of the Commonwealth, and the major land-grant
university in the state. As such, it offers substantial programs in
both basic and applied research. These research efforts are the
life blood of graduate education programs that prepare new
researchers who will continue to expand the boundaries of
human knowledge and to seek answers to pressing problems
of our complex society. Applied research programs in areas
such as agricultural sciences, arts and sciences, business and
economics, engineering sciences, mathematical sciences
and physics, medicine, and mining and minerals serve the
Commonwealth and the nation by addressing critical issues
influencing the quality of life and economic well-being of our
citizenry.

University faculty and research staff have expertise in many
areas including the basic biological, medical, physical, and
social sciences; the creative arts and the humanities; and
engineering. These individuals conduct research that ranges
from the investigation of philosophical and ethical dilemmas
raised by advances in science and technology to the practical
application of basic knowledge in agriculture, energy, rehabili-
tation, and information retrieval, as well as in the economic
development of the Appalachian region.

A significant aspect of research conducted at the University is
the concern for its practical application for the betterment of
society. Many of the techniques developed and ideas conceived
in the laboratory and in advanced study evolve into technological
developments of major significance.

 

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