xt7c862b9p8x https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7c862b9p8x/data/mets.xml The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. 1939 bulletins English The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Frontier Nursing Service Quarterly Bulletins The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. XV, No. 1, Summer 1939 text The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. XV, No. 1, Summer 1939 1939 2014 true xt7c862b9p8x section xt7c862b9p8x •
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FOURTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT
VOL. XV SUMMER, 1939 NO. 1
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THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN OE ·_
THE ERONTIER NURSING SERVICE, Inc. Il
Published Quarterly by the Frontier Nursing Service, Lexington, Ky. "
SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $1.00 PER YEAR
VOLUME XV SUMMER, 1939 NUMBER 1
"Entered as second class matter June 30, 1926, at the Post Office at Lexington, Ky.,
under Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright 1939 Frontier Nursing Service, Inc, —

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IN MEMORIAM
"W0r1d Peace"
_ _ Born: November 11, 1918.
Y! Died: September 3, 1939.
", Aged twenty years, nine months,
, and twenty-three days. .
Y “C0mes the blind fury with th’ ab-
horred shears
if And slits the thiwspun life."
5 ——John Milton.*
i QUO VADIS?
`·l
li I “Pat·ri0tism is not enoughml must have
T. no hatred or bitterness for anyone? ‘
, I Edith Cavell
yl This Bulletin goes to press September ninth. Its main fea-
tures were assembled during the summer. Even so, in several
articles there is an undercurrent of the breaking storm.
In the Kentucky mountains, where race stems from the
it British Isles, where England is affectionately called "The Old
t} Country," where the idiom is more nearly early English than
anywhere else on earth; in the Frontier Nursing Service with
l its Scotch tradition and its dear English-Scotch working rela-
I tionships, where many of us have homes overseas and brothers
.· in lighting forces; in the Kentucky mountains and in the Fron-
i tier Nursing Service, we are stricken to the heart.
With our common endeavors, in our free and cherished
association, we have lived as one people. Now as one people
_ we kneel with our race and kindred on "the great world’s altar-
Q stairs that slope thro’ darkness up to God .... "
_, "From The Courier-Journal, Louisville, Ky., of Monday, September 4, 1939.

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. INDEX

ARTICLE AUTHOR PAGE
A Letter from Scotland Murdo Morrison 11 {
Annual Report 3
Beloved Brutes r 31
Beyond the Mountains . 33
Field Notes · 41
In Memoriam 28 hl
Old Courier News A · 39
Quo vadis? 1 i
The Auxiliary Territorial Service Alison Bray V 21 X
The Mobile Unit in 1928 Gladys M. Peacock 13
The Second Courier Conclave Dorothy Caldwell 23 V
"Union Now" ‘A Review 29‘ *
Yelt Lemon Shape Mrs, T. James 48
BRIEF mrs
l A Father Once Told His Son 40
An Amoeba. Named Bert Concribuced from Montreal 27 i
Dog Gives Life AP 22 _
From a Young Male Guest Excerpt of Lerner 40 `
George Wyndham Recognita Charles T, Garry 27
Sayings of the Children 32 ·
Things to Know 48
Town Pays Tribute AP 20 I

w
FRoN·r1ER Nuasme SERVICE a
HIFNER AND FORTUNE
v CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
i_ CITY BANK BLDG.
LEXINGTON, KY.
J
To the Officers and Trustees,
Frontier Nursing Service, Incorporated,
_ Lexington, Kentucky.
Ladies and Gentlemen:-
i We have made »a detailed examination of your records and
i accounts for the fiscal year ended April 30th, 1939, with the
j result as disclosed on the annexed Exhibits and supporting
C Schedules.
I Endowment and Memorial Funds, both principal and in-
Q come, were certified to us by the various Trustees therefor.
Contributions and gifts in cash, have been checked against f
y the Treasurer’s receipts and reports and traced into the bank.
-_ All disbursements have been verified by means of canceled
checks and supporting vouchers, and the bank accounts have
T been reconciled and found correct.
. In our opinion all monies have been duly and properly
accounted for.
_ During the year General Endowment funds were increased
l through the gift of 500 shares of the Common Stock of Wool- y
worth and Company and valued at $23,500 as of the date of
) the gm;. I
The amount of a bequest by Mrs. S. Thruston Ballard is
not determinable at this time.
‘. Respectfully submitted,
HIFNER AND FORTUNE
? Certified Public Accountants.
` Lexington, Kentucky,
May Twentieth,
Nineteen Thirty—nine.

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4 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN i
ANNUAL REPORT
of the
FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE _,,
May 1, 1938 to April 30, 1939 IE
For the first six years of the Frontier Nursing Service it I
was our annual custom to print our audit in full, and to print g
also in full the enormously long schedules of the field activities
of the Service. The necessity of reducing the cost of so much ,
expensive printing led us to condense this report, which for- F
merly took an entire edition of the Bulletin, into a summary of ,
both our fiscal and field affairs. The fiscal statements are taken 5
from the exhibits and schedules of the audit, and the field state-
ments are taken from the reports of the statisticians. Here fol-
lows the summary of the fiscal year, which closed April 30th,
1939, both as to the funds and as to the work. g
FISCAL REPORT
We received this year from all sources, including donations g
and subscriptions, nursing, medical and hospital fees, invest- S
ment income, the Alpha Omicron Pi Social Service fund, sales l
of books, revenue from the Wendover Post Office, benefits, and
= refunds, but exclusive of $23,500.00 in new endowment, a total i
; for running expenses and retirement of debt of $97,489.68. _
3 The total number of subscribers to the Frontier Nursing `
S Service during the year was 2,456, the largest number we have
L ever had. This figure includes 2,049 old donors and 407 new ,
, donors. Our grateful thanks are due the chairmen of a number L
y of Frontier Nursing Service city committees for benefits and '
special appeals, by means of which they raised funds during the
past year. The total sum received from benefits was $5,032.04. ’
. This does not include $1,265.00 received from the second of two
Boston Committee benefits, as the receipt came to us after April
1 30th—the close of the fiscal year. Nor does this include the
result of the special appeal sent out by Mrs. Charles S. Shoe-
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maker, our Pittsburgh chairman and a vice-chairman of the
Executive Committee, who, in lieu of a benefit, sent out her
personal appeal in December. The results of this appeal are
listed under donations. They brought the Pittsburgh donations
63 for the year up to the sum of $10,001.43, the largest single sum
`§ this year from any committee except New York and the Blue
‘ Grass committee of Kentucky. The touching and lovely per-
sonal gift of Dr. Alexander J. Alexander and his brother, Mr.
James Alexander of $10,000.00 for a retirement of debt in their
V mother’s name came from the Blue Grass, and is included under
total donations.
Other sources of revenue during the past year have been as
, follows:
; Income from Nursing Centers ............................................ $ 3,262.06
Medical Fees ............................................................................ 1,277.20
. Hospital Fees ............................................................................ 1,073.87
. Wendover Post Office .............................................................. 915.05
g Investment Income .................................................................. 9,599.68
Q Sales of Books, viz:
5 "Clever Country" .......................................... $12.10
Q "Income and Health" .................................... 3.23
§ "Nurses on Horseback" ................................ 24.00 39.23
{ Miscellaneous Refunds ............................................................ .16
i This makes a total of revenue receipts of $97,489.68.
E ENDOWMENT
Q The Frontier Nursing Service received from a friend who
E prefers to remain anonymous 500 shares of the common stock
of Woolworth and Company, valued at $23,500.00 as of the date
‘ of the gift. This gift brings the total endowment funds to
_ $252,92453, as follows:
. Joan Glancy Memorial .......................................................... $ 5,000.00 i
’ Mary Ballard Morton Memorial ........................................ 53,024.53
Belle Barrett Hughitt Memorial ........r............................. 15,000.00
Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Fund No. 1 .................. 15,000.00
I Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Fund No. 2 .................. 50,000.00
Isabelle George Jeffcott Memorial .................................... 2,500.00
g General Endowment (Marion E. Taylor Memorial) ...... 10,000.00
General Endowments (Anonymous) ................................ 102,400.00
Total .............................................................................. $252,924.53
E REAL ESTATE, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT
(From Exhibit C of the Audit)
The Frontier Nursing-Service owns realty, equipment and
livestock conservatively estimated by our auditors, after ad-

6 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
- justments in values have been written down or up, at $210,-
059.87, all without lien. No mortgage has ever been placed y
against any of the Frontier Nursing Service land or buildings,
even during our leanest years. T
INDEBTEDNESS
A The Frontier Nursing Service still owes $10,000.00 to its ,
trustees, left from a total of $50,000.00 loaned during 1930-1932,
to enable us to tide over that difficult period. The Service is
( also still indebted to the older members of its staff for the sum
of $17,780.55, representing the amount, on a 2/ 3 basis, of unpaid A
salaries during the same years of adjustment and reduction.
Although these indebtednesses have both been greatly reduced,
there is still a large amount to pay off, and it is our wish to
begin to allow a substantial sum for this purpose in our next
budget.
Current bills and salaries unpaid at the close of our fiscal ,
year amounted to $3,335.63. Cash on hand in banks was only
$906.71. This indicates that the Service was in arrears on last (
year’s budget to the extent of $2,428.92. As regards the audit
this is true, but actually funds, like those of the second Boston 1
benefit, which belonged to the past fiscal year more than met `
this deficit when they came in early in this iiscal year. There- `
fore, this overdraft did not have to be allowed for in this year’s
budget, which is again set at $92,000.00.
BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1939-1940 3
We give here an analysis of this budget, accepted by the
, trustees of the Frontier Nursing Service at the annual meeting 5
at the Lexington Country Club on May 24th, 1939.
Field Salaries .......................................................................... $55,000.00 5
Field Expenses: · · · y`
~ Administrative (Bulletins, stationery, stamps, »
S printing and appeals, auditing, telephone and (
. telegraph, etc.) ...................................................... 4,500.00
Q General (Hospital and dispensary supplies,
freight, hauling, gasoline, laundry, etc.) .......... 15,000.00
; Feed, Care and Purchase of Horses .................................... 7,000.00
* Social Service Department .................................................. 3,000.00
Interest on Borrowed Money ................................................ 300.00
` Repayment on Money Borrowed .......................................... 1,000.00
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ii Insurance:
{ Fire .............................................................. $462.43 ‘
Emp1oyer’s Liability .i.............................. 400.00 _
V 4 Car Insurance, etc ..................................... 137.57 1,000.00
i Repairs, Upkeep and Replacements .................................... 4,000.00
`S Contingencies .......................................................................... 1,200.00
A. $92,000.00
Although we know in setting this budget for the coming
year that certain items will be larger or smaller, as prices rise
. and fall, experience has shown us that we can estimate even
i so large a sum as $92,000.00 with a fair degree of exactitude.
fi Our budget last year was $92,000.00 and our actual expenditures
were $91,637.98. (Audit-Exhibit B.)
REPORT OF OPERATIONS
Field and Hospital
The Held nurses carried during the year a total of 8,377
people in 1,668 families. Of these, 4,978 were children, includ-
Y ing 2,274 babies and toddlers. Bedside nursing care was given
_ - to 338 very sick people, of whom 18 died. The district nurses
. paid 19,220 visits and received 25,135 visits at nursing centers.
· The Frontier Nursing Service Hospital at Hyden was occupied
f 4,413 days by 440 patients. There were sent to hospitals and
J other institutions outside the mountains 40 patients who, with
_ their attendants, were transported on passes given by the Louis-
; ville and Nashville Railroad Company.
Under the direction of the State Board of Health, the
Service gave 6,231 inoculations and vaccines against typhoid,
diphtheria, smallpox, etc., made 22 tuberculosis skin tests and
15 Schick tests, and sent 1,139 specimens out for analysis.
, During the year 174 field clinics were held with an attend- _
x ance of 5,604 people.
l ~ Maternity
`· The Frontier Nursing Service continued its policy of carry-
ing out a rounded maternity program: giving full prenatal, de-
~· livery, and postpartum care to the women in its territory. Spe-
ii cial efforts were made toward the eradication of worms and the
Q alleviation of anemia in all prenatals. A thorough examination
in pregnancy and another one six weeks after delivery were

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s THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN {
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` given whenever possible by the Medical Director, Dr. John H. iT
Kooser, and followed by treatment where it was indicated. The ’
Service booked 424 new prenatals for this care and delivered ,
383 women who had registered during pregnancy. Of these lat-
ter, 5 miscarried. The remaining 378 women gave birth to 376 gl
live babies (including four sets of twins and one set of triplets) Q
and 8 stillborn babies. There were 388 women closed from the
midwifery count after at least a month of postpartum care.
None died.
Of the deliveries 325 were done in the homes of the patients: *
322 by the nurse-midwives and 3 by Dr. Kooser. Dr. Kooser
also visited three other homes and completed the third stage for ;
the nurse-midwife, The remaining 58 deliveries took place in V
the maternity section of the Hyden Hospital. Of these 51 were Q
delivered by a nurse-midwife, 5 by Dr. Kooser, and 2 by the *
attending surgeon from Hazard, Dr. R. L. Collins. Dr. Kooser V
was also called upon to deliver the placentae in two cases in .
' which the nurse-midwife had delivered the baby. i _
Besides the cases who received the benefits of the full ma-
ternity program, the Frontier Nursing Service delivered 22 un- ¤
registered women (emergency cases): 17 in their homes, 5 in T
the Hospital. Of these 22 cases 11 were miscarriages. Post-
partum care was given to 10 women delivered by local midwives _,
and neighbors. Thirty-two women who received such care, ·
under only a part of the midwifery program, were closed as _
midwifery patients: 30 after postpartum care, 2 at death. Both ..
women who died lived outside the territory of the Service. The 1
first was brought into the Hyden Hospital after being attended
by a local midwife. She died of puerperal sepsis and pelvic peri-
tonitis with complicating pneumonia. The second woman was .
not brought to the Service until the third day after she was
delivered of premature twins by a local midwife. She gave a
history of three convulsions followed by maniacial manifesta- |
tions. The diagnosis was severe toxic psychosis, chronic ne- ’
phritis, and possible chest involvement. l
There were also 12 deliveries of women living outside the
1 territory covered by the Frontier Nursing Service who came into
that territory during pregnancy because they wished its serv- °
ices. Six of these came to the Hyden Hospital and six to homes
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within the boundaries of the districts. All were given prenatal
care, and postpartum care as long as the Service could keep
in touch with them. There were no deaths.
J Medical and Surgical
l Dr. R. L. Collins and Dr. J. E. Hagen, of Hazard, Kentucky,
performed numerous operations during the year, those on indi-
gent people as a courtesy to the Service. None of the doctors
p in the various cities, to whom the Service sent patients, made
” any charges for their services. The regular medical work was
l carried by the Frontier Nursing Service medical director, Dr.
g John H. Kooser. The Service is particularly grateful to Dr. F.
2 W. Urton of Louisville and Dr. Scott Breckinridge of Lexington,
, for again giving their services for tonsillectomy and gyneco— _
f logical clinics at the Hospital in Hyden.
. The Service is also deeply grateful to Dr. Josephine Hunt
Z and her associate members on the Medical Advisory Committee
in Lexington, Kentucky, for the attention they have given,
Z gratuitiously and so graciously, to both patients and members
* of the staff, sent down to them on various occasions; to the
’ Children’s Free Hospitals in Cincinnati and Louisville for gratui-
tous care given the children sent them; to the Louisville and
i Nashville Railroad for free passes; to the Kentucky Crippled
‘ Children’s Commission, the Kentucky School for the Blind and
. the School for the Deaf for care of our patients; and to Miss
-· Florence Johnson and her associates in the Nursing Service of
l the New York Chapter of the Red Cross for their invaluable
kindness in meeting at the dock new nurses coming to us from
overseas. °
Pellagra Clinic
| Dr. Kooser’s Pellagra Clinic, held in cooperation with the
» Perry County Health Department, at Hazard, treated fifty-five
* pellagrins with nicotinic acid during the past year. In addition
to the cases treated, others were examined and were found to
be free of pellagra. In all, over six hundred visits were made
; to the Clinic. As the new fiscal year opens, there are seventy-
two deiinite pellagrins on the register.

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- SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT it
(Alpha Omicron Pi Fund) I
Service and aid have been given in connection with the fol- ,
lowing numbers and types of cases: 1_
Dependent and neglected children: 13 cases
Handicapped Children: 10 cases °_
{ Medical—social cases: 48 cases: of these—~
30 were sent to hospitals elsewhere f
18 were given service of other ,
kinds
Assistance to families, usually to ,1
meet an acute need: 15 cases i
Miscellaneous services: 9 cases §
Service has also been given in connection with the follow-
ing group or community activities: ·,
Knitting and sewing classes _
Circulating libraries §
Christmas celebrations
Tuberculosis and Crippled Chi1dren's clinics g
County Red Cross Chapters»Leslie County and Clay County, Ky. _ Q
Girls Sewing Project—National Youth Administration, Clay
County, Ky. ;
GUESTS AND VOLUNTEER ASSISTANTS '
The Frontier Nursing Service entertained at Wendover 122 i
overnight guests a total of 342 days and nights. Guests present
for meals only numbered 161, a total of 259 meals. These in-
eluded both outside and mountain friends. No exact record has ·
been kept of the guests at the Hyden Hospital and outpost i
centers. i
During the past fiscal year 19 couriers served with the
Frontier Nursing`Service, and three other volunteers, for work
as Christmas Secretary at Hyden and in the oflices at Wendover. ·
I They gave a total of 919 days’ service. i
CONCLUSION I
In concluding this report of our fourteenth fiscal year, we `~
~ want to extend our grateful thanks to the staff—doctor, district ·
T nurse-midwives, hospital and administrative group, social service j
- and courier service-—~to our city and mountain committees, to {
the Kentucky State Board of Health and its officers, to our S
thousands of supporters and to our thousands of patients, for 3
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I FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE A 11
_ their cooperation and loyalty during all of the past twelve
months. Outside the mountains enthusiastic support for the
, work was maintained by numerous committees and large mem-
bership, without the help of the Director’s usual reports at
annual meetings. In the mountains the zealous enthusiasm of
<_ our local committees and neighbors in each district never
_A flagged. It is impossible to express adequately our very deep
— appreciation.
E. S. JOUETT, Chairman.
i C. N. MANNING, Treasurer
. . MARY BRECKINRIDGE, Director.
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A LETTER FROM SCOTLAND
l . ..
EDITOR'S NOTE: Many years ago I made a tour of the Outer
{ Hebrides, to study the work of the Highlands and Islands Medical and
4 Nursing Service. It was my good fortune to meet up with two members
of the Scottish Board of Education, Mr. James Grigor and the writer of
. this letter.
[ We crossed the Sound of Harris together, in a wee ferry that almost
* broke under the waves; we found ourselves marooned on a hundred and
l fifty ton steamer all one night in Castle Bay, off the Island of Barra, when
i the seas were too rough for the steamer to sail. We had many adventures
. and we have all three remained warm friends.
This letter reveals quite unconsciously the public character of a useful
. man in a country at peace.
{ 11th July, ’39
V; Troon, Scotland
` Dear Mrs. Breckinridge,
I have just been reading the Spring 1939 Quarterly Bulletin
" of the Frontier Nursing Service which you still so kindly send
me. It still continues to be absorbingly interesting. My wife
`— and I enjoyed the article on Pellagra and were engrossed in the
‘ details of the St. Patrick’s Day Twins—and One of Our Days
j in Hyden Hospital. Your organization is really wonderful. It
* is one of the bravest and kindliest services in the world.
Y As I think I told you, I retired from active service on the

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12 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
` thirty-first of December, 1937, and stayed on in Inverness till {
the end of last May, when we removed to Ayrshire, where my z
new address is as at the beginning of this note. Q
I was on fifteen different committees in Inverness, including
Nursing, Unemployed, Necessitous Children’s Dinners, Blind
Institute, Northern Infirmary at Inverness. I shall probably ·
End my way into some such committees here. I have retained A
my membership of one of the Inverness committees—National é
Fitness. On that committee I represented the islands of Skye, .
Lewis, Harris, Uist, and Barra, and it will be convenient for me ~
to go north from time to time. The other members felt I knew ’
more about these islands than any other member, and they ·
appealed to me to continue. ,
I was vice-convener of a committee dealing with refugees p
from Czechoslovakia. We had about seventy of them housed in E
Culloden House, four miles from Inverness. They have had a
very hard time. -
It was good of your people in Washington and New York 1
to give such a delightful welcome to our King and Queen. I met V
them once at Dunvegan Castle when they were Duke and Duch- _ `
ess of York. They were both pleasant, affable, and the Queen
very natural and kindly, with a subtle touch of humour. They >
came North to open a Boys’ Hostel that the Education Author-
ity are running in Portree, Isle of Skye. 4 `
We are in this country putting through a great number of ,
Housing Schemes which should tell on the health of our people.
You remember how very keen your late friend, Sir Leslie ·
Mackenzie, was on the questions of medical infection and medi-
cal treatment of school children. He began his campaign nearly p
forty years ago, and one result of these services, together with Y
improved nutrition, is that the average weight of school chil- ‘
dren of twelve has gone up eight pounds, and the average height .
two inches. The expectation of life in this country has gone up _‘
by about twenty years.
· Yours sincerely, I I
p _ p MURDO MORRISON.
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i Fizourimn Nuasmc. SERVICE 13
{ THE MOBILE UNIT IN 1928
By GLADYS M. PEACOCK, R. N., s. C. M., B. s.
‘ LEAVING THE OLD
, When we had the news broken to us that we were to build
° and organize the new center on Red Bird River, our feelings
i were considerably mixed. On the one side we were facing the
. difliculties of the unknown, and the sorrow of leaving our little
_ white house surrounded by beech trees on the Middle Fork;
on the other hand there was the thrill of seeing another center
i grow under our eyes, from a standing tree to a seven-roomed
. modern house, and the renewed efforts we should have to make
’ to win the confidence of the people in the new district. A strug-
gle always brings satisfaction; therefore we decided that we
` were glad we had been the ones to open up the new Red Bird
1 District.
` The day had come for us to leave Beech Fork. A wagon
` had been ordered to take us and our belongings over to the
new district, and at five a. m. we heard the sound of wheels
> as it came rattling and clattering up to the barn.
_ "Howdy," called the driver of the team.
` "Howdy! Cal. You’re in good time."
"Yea! I’m in good time. It’s a long twenty miles over to
i Red Bird and you’n’s said you wanted to be thar afore dark.
; We’ve a mighty steep hill to climb too, yon side of Bad Creek.
` You’ve a mighty big load thar,"—-looking dubiously at the pile
in the barn.
. "Yes! it looks a lot, but most of it isn’t very heavy," we
’ reassured him. "Let’s get to loading right away."
A The wagon sides were taken down and two men started
putting in the stuff. Dexterously they fitted the furniture in,
·, putting the mattresses fiat on the floor, piling on top of these
tables, chairs, stools, boxes, etcetera. Everything had to be
fitted in exactly. A very old baby kitchen stove was the hardest
i to place. Many times it was taken in and out until it looked
secure. A two-foot tin tub, our future bath, was perched on

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i
14 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
· top of everything. White enamel pitchers and basins filled in
all the cracks and corners. Our two enormous wardrobe trunks ’
were the white elephants. Many sighs and groans escaped from lp
Cal and Lewis as they struggled to get a safe resting place for {
these. Finally all was roped in, and the wagon sides were put
‘ up. Frantically we threw left-overs in at the last moment. i
An old black tea kettle, Bogey’s kennel (made out of a barrel), j
two pairs of riding boots, and numerous other items which we ‘
might never want again, but hated to leave behind.
Cal had placed four sacks of corn and oats, and some hay,
in the front. These served two purposes: food for the horses I
and also a seat for the driver. He mounted the wagon. We
assisted Elva, our seventeen-year-old matron-maid, and Virginia,
her eight-months-old baby, to climb up by the wheels. Then A
Bogey, much to his disgust, was hoisted up and tied to the leg §
of a table. He was distinctly annoyed at being made to ride ,
in a wagon, but as he was only seven months old we thought _
he would be unable to travel the twenty miles by foot. 1
With a cracking of the whip, and much jangling and rat- E
tling, the cavalcade left the Jessie Preston Draper Center at _
Beech Fork. The last thing we heard was a shriek of delight .
issuing from Virginia, pitched and rolled from side to side, as p
the wagon lurched over the rocks and boulders; and the last ‘
thing we saw was our trunks swaying from side to side as the
wagon forded the Middle Fork River. Every moment we ex- l
pected to see our personal belongings splash into the water.
" It seemed incredible that they should stand erect with the wagon
wheels at an angle of 45 degrees. Long before the twenty miles 1
were over we had become reconciled to the fact that we might E
lose them any minute in one of the fords. V ,
The other nurse, Mary B. Willeford, and I did not start on g
our trip until two hours after the wagon, as we knew that ,
Betsy and Bruna would get us there in much quicker time. Say- I
- ing good-bye to the two nurses who were replacing us at Beech B
Fork, we started out to follow the wagon, without looking back.
We had barely gone three miles when we saw coming to- j
T wards us a grey streak. As it approached we saw it had a long 1
rope attached to it, and to our great surprise recognized Bogey, 1
He was running towards home as hard as he could go. When
5 Q

Fi>.oN·rma Nuasmo smnvrcn is _
5 he saw our horses he lay flat down on his stomach and, wagging
his tail hard, he alternately put his head between his paws and
, looked up at us in a very sheepish fashion, expecting a scolding.
i We told him he was a bad dog but we took his lead off. He
bounded up, and with sharp yaps of delight began jumping wildly
_ up and down under the horses’ heads. His excitement was
· great. He realized that he was to be allowed to follow on foot.
I After travelling another three miles we saw, to our great
g_ surprise, the wagon standing stationary upon the first slope of
i' the big hill. Elva and Virginia were seated on a rock by the `
g road side. Both our trunks were lying by the side of the bank,
'I and Cal was leaning against the wagon, scratching his head
and spitting.
"What’s happened Cal?"
{i "Sure can’t make that hill with this hyar load."
"Did the trunks fall out '?"
S "Noa. I took them off. Thought maybe I could make two
{ trips up the hill."
{ "Oh! but that would take hours to do, besides being terribly
; hard on the mules to go up and down that terrible hill twice.
3 Isn’t there anything else we can do ‘?" I
After much talking and discussing the matter we asked
' him if two more mules to help pull would be of any use