xt7cfx73wv2d https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7cfx73wv2d/data/mets.xml Alabama Alabama Museum of Natural History 1948 Other titles include: Alabama Museum of Natural History museum paper, Geological Survey of Alabama, Museum of the Geological Survey of Alabama. Other creators include: United States. Work Projects Administration, Geological Survey of Alabama, Tennessee Valley Authority. Issues for 1, 3 carry no series numbering. No. 2 also as Education papers no. 1. UK holds archival copy for ASERL Collaborative Federal Depository Program libraries. Call number  AS36 .A2. journals  English University, Ala. : Alabama Museum of Natural History, 1910-1960 This digital resource may be freely searched and displayed in accordance with U. S. copyright laws. Alabama Works Progress Administration Publications Museum Paper, no. 27, 1948 - including "New Anophthalmid Beetles (Fam. Carabidae) from the Appalachian Region" by J. Manson Valentine text Museum Paper, no. 27, 1948 - including "New Anophthalmid Beetles (Fam. Carabidae) from the Appalachian Region" by J. Manson Valentine 1948 1948 2015 true xt7cfx73wv2d section xt7cfx73wv2d 3
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   RJ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ALABAMA
    WALTER B. JONES, State Geologist 1
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  MUSEUM PAPER 27 B
  ALABAMA MUSEUM 0I= NATURAL HISTORY  
cent '  
SEEE   E
ml  O, NEW ANOPHTHALMID BEETLES (FAM. CARABIDAE)  
  » FROM THE APPALACHIAN REGION  
r  by  
` J. MANSON VALENTINE  
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ALABAMA  
WALTER B. JONES, State Geologist    
MUSEUM PAPER 27    
ALABAMA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY    
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E ANOPHTHALMID BEETLES (FAM. CARABIDAE)   ;
FROM THE ARPALAQHIAN REGION    
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J. MANSON VALENTINE    
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`  INTRODUCTION  
, n many years Dr. Valentine has carried out field and  
s lrtht >ry studies of Anaphthalmid beetles, and has made im-  
I port contributions to a fuller knowledge and understand-  
Q ing hat group. It is intended that Dr. Valentine prepare l*
 » a tw ctc paper on the group, to be published, along with  
` siitti studies of other forms of cave faunas b other s ecial— 3
 l ists. >ur lorthcoinmg monograph on caves and caverns ol  
.»\lal a. However, many caves remain to be studied, so it  
was » ded to publish certain specific data from time to time, §·
 . . . . . . . F
V. that information might be available to all interested par-  
T tics. ter on, the cave monograph will carry a complete dis-  
cuss. »»l` the group.  
Q .
t ACKNOIVLEDGEMENTS  
I fl
L give our grateful thanks to jim Van Antwerp, Mo-  
»_ btlt bama, who oenerousl t yrovided funds for Dublication if
. D . 5 l {
 · ol tl tt ner. Also we wish to thank Harve Tem Jleton, Dr. tt
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I I V ANOPHTHALMID BEETLES (FAM. CARABIDAE)  
_ FROM THE APPALACHIAN REGION  
_}. MANSON VALENTINE  
I I
I GENERAL DISCUSSION  
. s
ace the tune ol publication ol the author’s last paper*”  
I tleal _ with the anophthalinicl Iauna of the Appalachian  
1 valli considerable material in the group has accumulated.  
 = Sun I the various collectings has revealed a nuinber of new  
 ' sptt and geographic races at present referable to the genus  
 _ IM; .»oj;Izt/mImus Jeannel. These new Iorins are describ-  
2 ell I ln.  
- ze technique ol description Iollows very closely that  
 Q em] ed in the article relerred to above, which contains   I
 _ tlell >ns of nieasurenients and their derived indices as well  
{ as ti itionary and distributional conclusions applicable to  
 ‘ the sent work. In order better to interpret the data ap-  
 V pun below it is desirable to use the two papers in con-  
I iunl 1.  
I
breviations employed in description have the Iollow-  
; ing tnings: L.—total length; \`V.—]lIZlXIlIIIllIl width: D.—  
s mini;. nn depth: w.—width index: d.—depth index: h.——  
j dpi I t index; p.—pronital index; e.»—elytral index; a.—an-  
·‘ tw index: s.—antennal segmental index: c.—chaetotaxial  
 I W·l< g.—genital index.  
 . I
_ PW .u0pI1thaImus intermedius teinpleloni NOW 5Ul>$}>¢·  
(`l  
_  Q V/ze Ior·aIz"z‘_y: I‘IIggI1`1I)()[IIZllH’S Cave. McMinnville.  
. ' I\’arren Co., Tenn.  
  2/»r’.t’ Qyrous, eonVCX.   P
ll ‘/ { *7114: Narrow, convex, glabrous: humeri rounded,  
l" Y `“l" *1flY arcuate, apex rounded; rellexed margin narrow.   ,
Z" . Ml Gttate and ciliate at humeri, somewhat expanded api-  
 A (lull P()ll][ of juncture with epipleura; SLl`i21€ i21i1`ly WGH lIU·  
 " lm` V Yaguely punctured, anterior portion ol recurved  
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lll (Leo/og/czrl Survey of Alalzanm  
apical stria relatively short, gently arcuate or parallel » su-  i
ture: humeral papillae rather widely distributed, sprea river  I
a distance nearly equal to three fourths that between 1 liu-  l
meral and medial sets; humeral impressions shallow. tle-  l
fined. disc only slightly flattened.  .
;l[1]1em/ages: Jaws. palpi elongate, subtermin seg .
ment of maxillary palpi 6 t’7ths the length of terminal; aren-  
nae. legs long, testaceous.  
Amlmgztsz Median lobe long. narrow. cylindrica iasal
bulb well defined, basal flexure proximal; apical   test ; M
short. narrow in dorsal profile. decurved; transfer ap `llllls   ll"
relatively short, copulatory pieces two—an internal r antl  s lull
an external enveloping piece, the latter spout—shaped rlor   All
sal, broadly spatulate in laterial view; parameres el ;;1lt‘.   Ul
with four long. stout setae. (Pl. ll, fig. 2)  _  
]
Four species of Pszjzzzlmiojilzllmlnius are now knov ana; ~ gn
l the Cumberland River drainage system. Althougli l tli· V lla
verse form (nmzrarlci and fIll("l`}Ht”(ll.ll5` elongate. rolms unl . ol
_ czznzlzcrlzzmlirs transverse). they show a certain kinslr in i —_ iw
general tendency toward convexity and in their coinpl lad; pri
of pubescence. a character rarely met with in the genus llel ‘·i·   pa
is also considerable correspondence in aedeagel Ctlllf ~lt‘lll. g. mi
especially between the first three species mention dir ; in
ranges of which overlap in west central Tennessee. (   I ro
lzoztlzts inhabits the main river valley of the Cumberla  _ an
It is Z1 great pleasure to name the fine species wltvl ·v its
t here in honor of Dr. Edward \tIcCracly.   of the Uri 1`~1l`~' ` T
of the $outh. who first made a biological survey of i lllv y (yy,
Nllllllville Caves several years ago and discovered ther L`t`ll¥` ~  
fauna. T _ V
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i rl`_\`/H' local!/y; Tennessee Cavernsllaccoon Nh. ll‘·l" , lll
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1;.  1 .81; g.—.12. 1
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I2 (imlogzbzrl Survey of 1-Ilrzlmnm  
ly flared, very truncate tip. The p?11`m11€rCS are shortt 'll](l  I p;u
are armed witI1 tI1ree, short, stout setae. (PI. II, fig. 5%)  i ILIII
  pu—
PS€ll(lZlll0l)ll[llHlll1llS Iodingi fluviatilis HGW subspeci  a III
,_ . . ' CUI
I yjzr /om/1/y: Rock House Cave, I 1111Ie so1: ol .
· · ` ;_ 1IIIt
()ICHII(lCI`. I\1IarshaII County, Ala. . my
H0/otyjze nm/e: L.—4.35 111111.: I‘V.—I.49 111111.; ),—  — ICI
1.00 111111.; w.——.34: d.—.23; h.—.68; p.—I.I€    _ 1~‘I1
.63: a.——.66; s.——.8I: c.—.84: g.—.I I.  . iII`<`
.. . . . . . . . . . . . _ WI
Superlicially. _//nvm/zlzs 1S very S1Ill1IZl1` to }IIt(’I`?(l/ 11/11.
The })I`OIIOLlllII is narrower, tI1e elytral pubescence. t ugh .
extremely sI1ort and fine. is a little lIIOI`€ obvious az the [III
I median tooth of tI1e Iabr11111 is obsolete, but in other 1*; eos IIN
the two li()I`llIS see111 outwardly identical. The aedea x ol Q I""
I/zmizz/1/is, however, is considerably shorter LIIZIII 1 1 ul A lull
nzerir/ioxm/is, a11d its IIIC(IIZlI`1 lobe. viewed dorsally, eni i11·: _ °"’I
wider. more truncate process. (PI. II, fig. 5) » IIIV
. IIIII
.·\ S1IIg`IC male was collected by Dr, I~VaIter B. _]o » on s mi]
the 23rd of `IUIIC, I9¢I-2, i11 a cave but six 111iIes {rom tI1 t‘II·  1 Wl,
nessee River a11d Iiilteen miles 11ortI1west ol the type I 1I1t\’ ° CM
ol; }}I(’I`l(lI())I{l/IA`. The unique Find is an unusually darI— >Cl`1· I yu,
I men. bei11g Iierruginous with pale elytral apex and appei @@*1   ,;,,,
I 111iI
PSC}!(l£\lIOpll[hHlll1llS Iodingi distiiigueus HCW Sl1I>S}>C<` , {pim
Type /om/[ty: IlIgC Cave, 5%, miles south ol VI IIIIW   IIN
Morgan County, Ala. . gm
_ Lllh
'liyjxe seiiesz Holotype, allotype a11d 4 paratypt YPU  < IM
locality, Sept. I4 ISI47, _Iones and Royer.   my,
Holofy/Jr nm/ez L.——¢l-.38 111111.; I1\I.—I.46 111111. I-f z
I.I)II 111111.: w.—-.33; d.—.23; h.—.66: p.—I.II BJ · s PW
.60: a.—.67: s.—.80; c.—.76;   `  1-
AUOf_)‘]2e fenzu/ez L.—4.#I»3 111111.: \1\I.—I.5O IIIIIIV We  ,1
l.()() 111111.; w.—~.34: d.—.23; I1.—.68: p.—I.I ¤‘·‘”  I
.6I: a.—.65; s.—.8'7; c.—.'73.  ‘
Compared with other races of lodingi situated st I1 or §
the lennessee River. (ll.Yf2'}IgIl€7I.S` agrees in having rel web  
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  .\'ett~ Ana];/tt/za/nzitl Beetles front Ajyjm/ac/tiaiz Region I3  
ttl   pztt l-sided elytra, relatively wide pronotal base and rec-  
 It tan r hind angles, but differs from all so far considered in .
 if pos ing a narrower, straighter-sided pronotum, the margin  
  ol w h. anterior to the hind angles, is interrupted by a low tii
  ton ?ty or tubercle, the angle apices themselves being sharp  
"l  ._ ant newhat produced. Far more striking, however, are  
T tht racters of the aedeagus. The median lobe of this organ  
_  .' ter; ttes in a flared, truncate process the right contour of  
e,.  _ wh1 t widely rounded. The transfer apparatus is short and  
  arti tt in dorsal view and the setae   of the parameres  
_  T ver tall. (Pl. II, fig. 4) Ҥ
lt`, I it
gh  . though rlistiizgttetis may demonstrate by these aberrant  
xc trttj certain geographic isolation, it is easy to see how the  
tt T rtttt ttld have evolved from an ancestor like ffttztiztltfés which  
,t`   pos s similar specializations in less exaggerated form. The  
,{ lttttt ?n turn, is easily derivable from nzeridioimlis. ln this  
{  J tor tion it is important to note that a line drawn between  
·  tht; ttions of these three races is a nearly straight one run-  
 i nin; trthwest—southeast parallel to the Tennessee five to ten  
ln itiih tuth of it; and that, furthermore, each locality repre-  
lj   Wil separate, minor drainage area, the creek involved in  
if [ Cite se heading north to the main river. Thus a very per-  
l'  S let; ial cline can doubtless be established between meri-  
"   tlitt ~‘ at the bend of the river and (ff.\`ff7IgI((’}IS. forty five  
_ Util > the northwest, (or between the former and races   t
` tart to the west departing still more drastically from type  
tx  A lllél t>es distingttens) when the caves of this interesting re-  
3 QW Fold additional material. A race connecting [/ttitirtlilis  
M   illlt W/ingnens, now represented by a single teneral male gt
 Vn llttl t intermediate locality, awaits description until it S€1`i€S  
Q wt collected.  
r ·  i· PSP .!lOI)htllZl]lllllS hubriehli IWW $P€€i€$  
 1 e`/Je fom/ity: Dougherty’s Cave. 4% miles north of ;
" gtt» Lebanon, Russell Co., Va.  
 j il`/JF Series: Holotype, allotype and l paratype. type  
yi, , locality, july 25 1939, Hubricht.  
E

 l
14 Geological Survey of Alabama  0
Holotyjze ma/ez L.—3.80 mm.; \~\l.—l.24 mm. ).—
.73 mm.; w.——.33: d.———.l9; h.——.70; p.—l.l». t·,—~  V bas
.60; a.—.67; s.—.93; c.—l.O9; g.—.l4. (Pl. I, L gm f llnr
Al/otype frniale: L.—4.00 mm.; \lV.—l.30 min, ),—  it  
.80 mm.; w.—.3?>; d.—.20; 11.-.72; p.—l.l· ;_~,` ” my
.58: a.—.68; s.—.93; c.—.84.  ‘
y l)liS(1RI1"l`I()N or VTYPE SERIES.  Y apa
Body: Rather elongate, compressed; testaceou. very  2  
linely alutaceous.  , lhlt
Head: Normal, rather narrow, sides gently zi late;  _‘ elyl
pale l`errugino—testaceous; microsculpture relatively use   apii
r reticuloalutaceous: median tooth of labrum obsolete: 1 liaa i
tooth ol labium linely, shallowly emarginate.  ` ml,
Pronotnnzz Normal, rather narrow, il//5tlis as t 1 .t< I Wit
wide, width at base 7//Stlis ol? width at apex; anterior lglty i mi;.
l rounded, sides gently sinuate along entire extent, p< vial — wu
angles sharply rectangular, basal (secondary) angles t· yell; ‘ Rn
obtuse, basal margin very slightly convex medially; lat l re  · inf
llexed margin narrow; basal impressions rather deep. tl .nrv—  r ern
ly reticulate; disc convex, median line deeply inn sul. snr
glabrous.  
li/y/mz Normal, rather elongate, 5y,»“8ths as wide ; nn;.  _ lie
Iinely, sparcely pubescent; humeri rounded, sides very illll cli:
arcuate. subparallel over anterior third, apices trunc , llz- l
hiscent; rellexed margin rather wide, conlluent with — ll~‘~7 _ Re
liovea at humeri, margin obsoletely serrate at humeri, Xian e
llirougliout: striae evident but weak. distinctly punctu i.   _
curvetl portion ol? apical stria {iairly long, straight, cul L  
ward proximally; humeral and medial sets ol margina apri-
lzle Widely distributed. especially the latter; humeral fllllll . ` ggj
, subrarinate, disc lilat. ·
t .·l/zjxmulzxgesz Normal, jaws rather short; subu limi i Evil
  segment ol maxillary palpns  Qths the length ol ternllt » W? »
l ment: second antennal segment approximately ll lll ` ll`· l’·°°
l length ol third. 0
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 i Yew ;f)LOj)]lf/l(ll777,f£`l Beetles from Appalrzclzirnz Region 15 L
__ trleagzzsz l\‘Iedian lobe arciform, with basal bulb and [
.—-  V bus gxure poorly defined; apical process short, tapering in  
fil i (lor orofile to subtruncate, slightly flared apex; transfer
 -. rip]; us composed of a shorter internal and a longer en-
T ,  yell g piece, the latter rounded at the tip; parameres rela-
` _ tirt ang, bearing three short setae. (Pl. I, fig. 4) .
‘ h iteworthy characters which set this unique species  
 li spa om others of the genus are the unusual discrepancy in *
M  _ sizt ween the segments of the maxillary palpi, the near ;
ll  i C(|ll · in length of the second and third antennal segments. I
 I the ic separation of the medial sctigerous papillae of the  
rc;  _‘ eln margin and the peculiarly angular. truncate elytral
  i. zlplt  
“` _ problematic affinity, /rubric/zti seems to be either :1  
 ` rtl; of an archaic stock or an extreme isolation product E
.t< I our ing from some such conservative ancestry as lzirsufus  
ts ‘ Nil;. nrovide. The general body form and aedeagus are i
ui — su; ire of the latter species which inhabits caves of Powell p
it. · Rn lrainage, seventy miles or so to the southwest of  
   . intl fi. The waters from the neighborhood of Dough-  
;v—  t wi ne evidently join the Clinch River. These parallel [
tl. Wm are both tributaries of the Tennessee. S
’ l
i ‘e present species bears the name of its discoverer. Les- {
u.  . llf “l`1Cll[, who made a biological survey of many Appala-  
li dn ares in l939.  
lr i f
 l
.=,.: l,
ig — Re ices. {
` l
‘t· _ iq leannel, R.: L’Abeille; 35. {
  »l leannel, R.; Archiv. Zoo]. Exp.; 71, 3; pp. ·lO3·500.  
gs , ) _ l Valentine,   l\I.: lonr. Elisha l\iIitchell Sc. Soc.; #16, 21 pp. {
·‘ .   ‘ s
1 ¤ KN if Valentine,   M.; lonr, Elisha Mitchell Sc. Soc.: ~l7, 2: pp. I
.1. » Ji.- ` `
if ‘ W 1 W7 Valentine, _]. M.; Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sc. Soc.; 53, 1: pp. i
A yy] W Valentine, ]. M.; Trang. Conn. Acad. Arts Scs.; $6; pp. I
· ‘~ , ` •
‘ 4
» l
“  l
Z:
i .
Q .

 J
lf} (imlogicrzl Survey of Alabanm 1
1  1>1.~
EXl)lHllH[i0l1 0f plates. ‘
PLATE I  i
1 Fig. 1. [).$`Cl((1(I)IO])]I1]I{l[}7'lU5 izzlcrmcdizzs Z'C7}1])l(3[()lI}· 11. ss; 11110-  1 `*
Lypc 1`c111z11c; iiiggill1)O[1lZlI]1’S Cave, )[n:Mi1111vi111· L‘11l1.  ·
(18 X)  .
Fig. 2. P. }II(I('}`{l([(’Ii 11. sp., holotypc 111:11c: Higgi111><>1l1;1111's (l X1:» »
AI1I1I]\'111€, TCIIII. (18   ,
Fig. 31. P. /ll/1J1`1(`/I/1 11. sp., 1]O101.yl)C 111:11c; DOllg`1]C1`l}1',S (1 11J·  
1)2l1]Ol], Vu. (18 X) 1
Fig. ·1. ;\C(1CLlgllS 0f P. /11111110/1ti 11. sp., h010typc; (101`SZl1 view. 1*1 X1
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1 1  é 1   11’ 1
 1 11*111  1*1  ~1 1
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 1 \ _ `  11 .11}, 1 1
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4  1. 1 ’ 1 / 111111111 1
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11.     \1__ / 1   1111l-1~_\ 1     :1 M11   
 1 . 11:111111 | / »_ v1!11_/111 .1  
1» 1 /   11111 ‘  ' 1‘1x~ ‘/  1
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11- ·  2 / f { !     / 2 \\`\ g 1
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 _   / {   p`  
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1

 i
18 Grological Survey of Alabama V;
  l‘11
  L
PLAT1; Il    °1~ `_
Acclcagi ol [)SCII([(l}I0])ll[]l{l[Il'll(.S` sps., dorsal views. _
Fig. l. P. I·}I[(fI`)II(f([lillS lcizzpleetoriii 11. ssp., holotypcz Higginl izIll`> 1
Cave, McNIi1111villc, Term. (95 X)
Fig. 2. P. marradczi 11. sp., paratypc; Higg`l]]bO[llH1ll’S Ca Nic- `
)Ii1111villc, TG1111. (95 X) `
Fig. fl. P. Iodfrzgi fullrrri, 11. comb., topotypc; TCIIIICSSCC ’ sl`I15. »
Cliattanooga, TG1111. (100 X) ·
Fig. ·l. P. lmlingi disiingzzczzs 11. ssp., holotypc; Inge Cave. iii}; .p
Ala. (l00 X)  1
Fig. 5. P. Iodizzgi fIu1»iatil1'.s` 11. ssp., holotypcg Rock House C. Ulv .
` Zlll(l€1`, .—\la. (100 X)  _
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