xt7mcv4bqj62 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7mcv4bqj62/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1970 journals 194 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.194 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.194 1970 2014 true xt7mcv4bqj62 section xt7mcv4bqj62 - /~ 'VVV / ,7/A
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RESULTS OF THE A
K @222*210/Gy Bar/ey
Mzrzéiy Dyk;/s-/9 70
I By Charles R. Tutt und Verne C. Finkner
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY O COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
Agricultural Experiment Station |L€I;e;>;;tr:e;;gc:;S5A;;int0zZ

  
CONTENTS I
Page
Testing Locations of the Kentucky Barley
Variety Tests 3 _
Experimental Method for 1970 Variety Trials 5 _
Interpretation 7
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station `
1971 Recommended Barley Varieties 8
Certified Seed 8
Summary of Barley Varieties Evaluated at
Lexington, Princeton, Murray, and
Bowling Green 9 ·
Barley Production in Kentucky 20
2

 · TESTING LOCATIONS or THE
— KENTUCKY EARLEY VARIETY TR1ALs-1970
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Location Cooperator
1. Murray Murray State University
Agriculture Department
2. Princeton West Kentucky Substation
3. Bowling Green Western Kentucky University
Agriculture Department
4. Lexington Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station
Acknowledgment is made to john Byars, of the
p Department of Agronomy, and the University of Kentucky
` Computing Center, for assistance in summarizing the results
reported in this progress report.
l 3

 
  _ Kentucky Barley Var1ety Trials--1970
' i By Charles R. Tutt and Verne C. Finkner
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR 1970 VARIETY TRIALS
Environmental conditions and soil types may cause a
variety to respond differently in different areas of Kentucky.
For these reasons, the 1970 barley variety trials were conducted
at Murray, Princeton, Bowling Green and Lexington. The
ultimate test for a variety is how it performs on an individual
farm but performance in a test nearest your farm is a reliable
selection guide.
Data are also collected for a period of years at each
location. Since results vary from year to year, 3- and 4-year
results give a more accurate picture of varietal performance than
do annual data.
All experimental areas were fallowed the previous year
and a legume crop was plowed under prior to the fall seeding.
Each experimental plot consisted of four rows, 1 foot
apart and 13 feet long. Each variety was grown in four plots
placed at random over the test area, and the results presented in
the tables are the average response of the four plots. The plots
r were planted with a specially bult four—row seeder, and the data
, were taken from a 10—foot section of the two center rows of
each plot.
Yield
Yields were taken by cutting a l0—l`oot section of each
of the two center rows and threshing the grain through a
stationary plot thresher. The weights of each plot were recorded
in grams and then converted to bushels per acre.
5

 Lodged
Lodging was reported as the percentage of the total * ~
plants that were lying on the ground or were leaning at a
45—degree angle from the vertical. Lodging was reported when I
the grain was mature. The term "maturity" as used in this
report refers to the date the grain is ready to be
combine-harvested. ·
1
Plant Height
Plant height was recorded as the number of inches from S
the ground to the tip of the upright grain head.
Date Headed
Date headed was reported as the number of days after
March 31 when 50 percent of the heads have emerged from the
plants in each plot.
i Survival
Survival was recorded as the percentage of plants which
were estimated to have survived the winter when fall planted.
This is a measure of winter-hardiness and isan important factor i
to consider when selecting a small grain variety.
Test Weight
Test weight, or the weight of a bushel of grain, is a
measure of the quality of grain. The higher the test weight, the ·
higher the quality and the higher the market value, unless the
grain has been down-graded because of another quality factor.
6

 A INTERPRETATION
· It is important to consider other characteristics in
addition to yield before choosing a variety. Plant height, lodging
l — resistance, maturity date and grain quality are other important
’ _ plant characteristics.
Yields reported in these trials should not be considered
. the maximum potential for the varieties. High fertilization rates
were not used, so as to permit differences in lodging to be
recorded.
Lodging data are quite difficult to interpret. A
high-yielding variety should not necessarily be down—graded
because of a high percentage of lodging for a given year and at a
given location. Local weather conditions, such as heavy wind
and rain, may cause a variety to lodge much more than normal.
It should also be emphasized that a variety reported to be 50
percent lodged does not imply that only 50 percent of the grain
can be harvested. With good equipment, one may expect to save
almost all of the grain. Lodging data for a period of years
. should receive more consideration than annual lodging data
since they will give a more accurate picture of varietal
performance. .
The yield of a particular variety is relative and should be
compared with the yields of the other varieties in the same
experiment and at the same location. Small differences in yield
. of only a few bushels per acre between two varieties in an
individual test should not be interpreted to indicate the
superiority of one variety over another. However, if one variety
consistently out-yields another over a period of several years,
the chances are that the differences are significant and should
be considered important.
For any small grain variety, the ultimate test is how it
performs on an individual farm. To make a sound decision, it is
wise to plant a few acres of a new variety and then compare the
results with those of another variety presently being grown.
7

 Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station
1971 Recommended Barley Varieties
Barsoy Harrison Jefferson 4
Dayton Knob
Certified Seed
Planting certified seed is one of the first steps in insuring _
a good barley crop. The extra cost of certified seed is quite ‘
economical in view of the high quality of seed obtained.
Certified seed is seed which has been grown in such a way as to ~
insure the genetic identity and purity of a variety. Certified seed
also helps to maintain freedom from weed and other crop seed
and in some cases, freedom from disease. The Agricultural ‘
Experiment Station recommends that Kentucky—certified seed
be used whenever possible for growing commercial crops of
small grains.
8

 , SUMMARY OF BARLEY VARIETIES
_ EVALUATED AT:
LEXINGTON
PRINCETON
MURRAY
BOWLING GREEN I
9

 Table 1. Summary of Barley Varieties Evaluated at N
Lexington: Kentucky.
1-Year 2—Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average -
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield: Bushels Per Acre
Barsoy 109.9 96.8 86.8 77.3 ,
Dayton 57.9 55.5 55.5 48.1
Hanover 66.0 69.0 -- --
Harrison 72.1 82.6 76.5 77.3
Jefferson 62.0 73.4 65.0 57.5 _
Knob 62.9 74.2 71.6 59.1 - '
Lakeland 65.6 82.5 81.9 --
McNair 601 54.6 -- -— --
Rapidan 87.7 86.8 -- --
Schuyler 80.0 78.8 81.4 80.8
Average 71.9 77.7 74.1 66.7 `
Lodged at Maturity! Percent
Barsoy 52.5 26.3 -- -- a
Dayton 62.5 73.8 -— ——
Hanover 65.0 ,38.8 -- --
Harrison 60.0 30.0 -- -—
Jefferson 57.5 28.8 -- -—
Knob 82.5 43.8· -- --
Lakeland 32.5 16.3 —- —-
McNair 601 67.5 -- -- --
Rapidan 60.0 50.0 —- --
Schuyler 65.0 63.8 -- --
Average 60.5 41.3
Height: Inches
Barsoy 34.5 33.5 34.0 33.9
Dayton 33.8 35.9 37.3 37.3
Hanover 35.3 36.1 -- -- i
Harrison 36.5 38.4 39.0 39.5
Jefferson 36.8 38.9 40.3 41.0
Knob 30.0 31.4 33.6 33.9
Lakeland 35.8 36.5 38.0 -—
McNair 601 34.3 -- -- —-
Rapidan 34.3 34.4 -— -—
Schuyler 34.0 35.1 35.8 35.8
Average 34.5 35.6 36.9 36.9
10

 1
1
A Table 1. {continued) `-_
~ 1-Year 2—Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Date Headed. N0. Days After March 31
A — Barsoy 26.8 30.4 29.4 26.3
Dayton 29.8 33.9 33.2 30.8
3 Hanover 30.0 34.4 -- --
Harrison 33.8 37.0 35.5 34.3
Jefferson 32.0 37.1 35.8 34.8
Knob 29.3 32.9 32.4 29.8
Lakeland 37.5 41.0 39.3 --
McNair 601 28.5 -— —- --
Rapidan 31.0 34.6 —- --
Schuyler 38.3 42.1 41.2 40.8
Average 31.7 35.9 35.3 32.8
Survival, Percent
Barsoy 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Dayton 100.0 95.6 94.6 94.6
Hanover 100.0 90.0 —- --
Harrison 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Jefferson 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knob 100.0 100.0 98.3 98.3
Lakeland 100.0 100.0 100.0 -—
McNair 601 100.0 —- —- -—
Rapidan 100.0 96.9 —— --
Schuyler 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average 100.0 98.1 99.0 98.8
Test Weight: Pounds Per Bushel
A Barsoy 50.0 49.3 49.3 49.2
Dayton 42.5 41.9 42.4 42.2
Hanover 42.9 43.7 -- ——
Harrison 45.8 47.0 47.3 47.6
` Jefferson 43.2 . 44.8 44.9 44.9
Knob 45.6 45.1 45.2 45.2
Lakeland 45.0 45.8 46.2 --
McNair 601 44.1 -- -- -—
Rapidan 44.4 43.8 —— ——
Schuyler 41.0 43.0 43.7 43.7
Average 44.5 44.9 45.6 45.5
11

 \
1
Table 2. Summary of Barley Varieties Evaluated at K
Princeton: Kentucky.
1-Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield: Bushels Per Acre
Barsoy 76.3 84.3 75.8 63.1 .
Dayton 86.7 77.2 66.1 53.7
Hanover 84.8 90.1 -- --
Harrison 84.9 80.3 70.8 64.6
Jefferson 88.1 88.4 73.1 64.2
Knob 84.2 75.9 66.6 56.0
Lakeland 87.8 87.2 75.7 -— A
McNair 601 77.5 —- -- ··
Rapidan 86.1 88.0 -— -- 8
Schuyler 78.6 80.1 71.6 59.8
Average 83.5 83.5 71.4 60.2
Lodged at Maturity: Percent
Barsoy 0.0 1.3 9.2 11.3
Dayton 7.5 42.5 60.8 61.3 ·
Hanover 6.3 31.3 -- --
Harrison 0.0 16.3 27.5 23.8
Jefferson 0.0 10.0 28.3 22.5
Knob 0.0 22.5 28.7 33.4
Lakeland 0.0 1.9 16.3 -—
McNair 601 5.0 -- —- --
Rapidan 0.0 21.9 -- —-
Schuyler 0.0 13.1 26.3 25.4
Average 1.9 17.9 28.2 29.6
Height} Inches
Barsoy 31.3 33.9 34.4 31.5 .
Dayton 36.3 39.6 40.8 36.9
Hanover 37.3 39.9 -- --
Harrison 37.3 40.8 41.6 38.3 I
Jefferson 40.3 43.0 43.8 39.8
Knob 33.5 36.6 37.1 33.9
Lakeland 36.3 38.9 40.1 -—
McNair 601 34.5 -- -— --
Rapidan 35.5 37.9 -— —-
Schulyer 33.3 35.5 36.2 33.0
Average 35.6 38.5 39.2 35.6
12

 e Table 2. (continued)
l—Year 2-Year 3-Year 4—Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
" Date Headed. N0. Days After March 31
“ Barsoy 20.0 21.5 22.2 20.5
Dayton 24.5 25.9 26.5 25.4
_ U Hanover 29.3 29.4 -- --
Harrison 30.8 31.8 31.9 30.6
Jefferson 29.8 31.5 31.8 30.5
Knob 27.0 28.6 24.8 26.3
Lakeland 35.3 35.5 35.3 —-
McNair 601 26.0 -— -- —-
V Rapidan 29.5 29.5 —— -—
Schuyler 38.0 37.0 36.8 36.4
Average 29.0 30.1 29.9 28.3
Survival, Percent
Barsoy 83.8 91.9 94.6 95.9
Dayton 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hanover 93.8 96.9 -- -—
_ Harrison 95.0 97.5 98.3 98.8
Jefferson 98.8 99.4 99.6 99.7
Knob 92.5 96.3 97.5 98.1
Lakeland 86.3 93.1 95.4 --
McNair 601 95.0 -- —— --
Rapidan 98.8 99.4 ·- --
Schuyler 96.3 98.1 98.8 99.1
Average 94.0 97.0 97.7 98.6
Test Weight: Pounds Per Bushel
Barsoy 49.3 49.9 49.8 48.5
Dayton 46.2 46.0 45.0 43.2
Hanover 43.0 43.5 —— ——
. Harrison 48.7 49.1 49.0 48.4
Jefferson 44.8 45.4 44.5 44.0
Knob 47.5 46.7 46.2 44.6
Lakeland 48.0 47.9 47.5 -—
McNair 601 46.6 —— -- -—
Rapidan 44.3 44.7 —— --
Schuyler 45.6 45.5 44.9 43.3
Average 46.4 46.5 46.7 45.3
13

 Table 3. Sum ary of Barley Varieties Evaluated at `
Murray: Kentucky.
1-Year 2—Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield, Bushels Per Acre _
Barsoy 58.0 47.8 48.6 54.0 _
Dayton 59.2 52.1 52.1 52.2
Hanover 46.3 39.2 -— --
Harrison 58.0 42.1 49.0 53.0
Jefferson 50.2 42.3 45.8 47.4
Knob 60.4 49.4 49.3 53.4
Lakeland 59.4 45.8 48.5 —-
McNair 601 72.0 -— -- ——
Rapidan 48.4 46.5 -- -— A -
Schuyler 40.6 37.0 42.7 47.4
Average 55.3 44.7 48.0 51.2
Lodged at Maturityz Percent
Barsoy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dayton 0.0 0.0 1.3 9.7 »
Hanover 0.0 0.0 —— --
Harrison 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jefferson 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Knob 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3
Lakeland 0.0 0.0 0.0 -—
McNair 601 0.0 —- -- --
Rapidan 0.0 0.0 -- --
Schuyler 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Average 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.8
Height: Inches
Barsoy 28.5 25.9 28.3 28.8 _
Dayton 33.8 30.6 34.4 34.1
Hanover 32.5 29.8 —- ——
Harrison 32.5 30.4 34.4 35.0
Jefferson 36.3 34.8 37.3 37.2
Knob 33.3 30.0 31.9 31.9
Lakeland 31.8 29.8 31.9 --
McNair 601 33.8 —— -— —-
Rapidan 30.3 26.9 —— --
Schuyler 26.5 23.9 27.3 28.8
Average 31.9 29.1 32.2 32.6
14

 , Table 3. (continued)
1-Year 2-Year 3—Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
, Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
_ r Date Headed. N0. Days After March 31
Barsoy 17.5 17.9 17.9 15.1
- Dayton 22.3 23.3 23.0 21.2
‘ Hanover 24.8 26.4 -— ——
Harrison 27.8 30.9 29.6 27.4
Jefferson 26.3 28.6 27.9 26.4
Knob 23.3 25.6 25.0 22.9
Lakeland 30.8 32.1 30.9 --
McNair 601 19.8 —— —— —-
Rapidan 26.3 27.1 -- --
Schuyler 31.5 34.1 33.3 32.0
Average 25.0 27.3 26.8 24.2
Survival: Percent
Barsoy 71.3 85.6 90.4 92.8
Dayton 86.3 93.1 95.4 96.6
Hanover 81.3 90.6 -- —-
t Harrison 88.8 94.4 96.3 97.2
Jefferson 83.8 91.9 94.6 95.9
Knob 85.0 92.5 95.0 96.3
Lakeland 83.8 91.9 94.6 --
McNair 601 91.3 -- —- --
Rapidan 82.5 91.3 -— --
Schuyler 81.3 90.6 93.8 95.3
Average 83.5 91.3 94.3 95.7
Test Weight. Pounds Per Bushel .
Barsoy 48.3 48.4 48.7 48.5
Dayton 45.7 46.1 45.8 46.1
Hanover 41.1 42.4 -- --
V Harrison 46.9 47.5 47.9 47.7
Jefferson 44.1 44.7 45.0 44.8
Knob 44.8 45.0 44.9 44.6
Lakeland 45.8 46.2 46.8 -—
McNair 601 43.5 -- —- --
Rapidan 42.8 43.3 —- -—
Schuyler 44.5 44.9 45.2 44.8
Average 44.8 45.4 46.3 46.1
15

 Table 4. Summary of Barley Varieties Evaluated at _
Bowling Green, Kentucky.
1-Year 2-Year 3—Year 4-Year `
Average Average Average Average ;
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Yield; Bushels Per Acre
Barsoy 41.7 57.8 61.3 47.7
Dayton 48.2 60.1 59.9 49.8
Hanover 40.8 55.7 -- --
Harrison 38.4 47.6 49.3 43.6
Jefferson 47.4 54.6 54.7 45.4
Knob 30.7 47.2 51.8 43.6
Lakeland 33.8 55.2 57.4 --
McNair 601 32.0 -- -- -- .
Rapidan 39.4 51.0 -- -—
Schuyler 32.6 54.0 51.4 42.7
Average 38.5 53.7 55.1 45.5.
Lodged at Maturity: Percent
Barsoy 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .
Dayton 0.0 0.0 30.0 28.8
Hanover 0.0 4.4 -- -—
Harrison 0.0 0.0 7.9 5.9 '
Jefferson 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Knob 0.0 0.0 13.3 10.0
Lakeland 0.0 0.0 0.0 --
McNair 601 0.0 -- -- --
Rapidan 0.0 12.5 -- --
Schuyler 0.0 0.0 16.7 12.5
Average 0.0 1.9 9.7 9.5
Height: Inches
Barsoy 27.8 29.8 32.1 28.9
Dayton 31.3 35.4 36.8 33.9
Hanover 29.0 32.9 -- --
Harrison 28.5 33.4 35.5 33.4
Jefferson 31.5 35.3 37.9 34.8
Knob 27.5 31.4 33.8 30.8
Lakeland 26.3 32.0 34.6 --
McNair 601 26.5 —- -- --
Rapidan 25.0 30.3 -- --
Schuyler 21.3 27.6 30.0 28.0
Average 27.5 32.0 34.4 31.6
16

 Table 4. {continued)
1-Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year
Average Average Average Average
_, · Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
Survival! Percent
Barsoy 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
_ Dayton 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hanover 100.0 100.0 -- --
Harrison 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Jefferson 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Knob 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Lakeland 100.0 100.0 100.0 --
McNair 601 100.0 -— -- --
Rapidan 100.0 100.0 -- --
Schuyler 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
. Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Test Weight; Pounds Per Bushel
Barsoy 49.4 49.8 49.9 49.9
Dayton 47.8 47.5 46.5 44.2
Hanover 44.6 44.8 -- --
Harrison 49.3 49.7 49.5 47.5
Jefferson 46.1 46.5 46.2 45.6
Knob 48.7 48.3 47.6 46.3
Lakeland 49.1 49.3 49.4 --
McNair 601 45.6 -- -- —-
Rapidan 44.4 44.3 -- --
Schuyler 48.6 47.7 47.0 46.0
Average 47.4 47.5 48.0 46.6
17

 Table 5. All Location Summary of Barley Varieties. .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
1-Year 2-Year 3-Year 4-Year _
Average Average Average Average
Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70 -
Yield. Bushels Per Acre
Barsoy 71.5 71.5 68.1 60.5
Dayton 63.0 61.2 58.4 51.0
Hanover 59.5 63.5 —- --
Harrison 63.4 63.2 61.4 59.6 ·
Jefferson 61.9 64.7 59.7 53.6
Knob 59.5 61.7 59.8 53.0
Lakeland 61.7 67.7 65.9 —-
McNair 601 59.0 -— -- --
Rapidan 65.4 68.1 -- -—
Schuyler 58.0 62.5 61.8 57.7
Average 62.3 64.9 62.2 55.9 `
Lodged at Maturity: Percent
Barsoy 13.1 6.9 7.3 7.1
Dayton 17.5 29.1 40.6 41.7
Hanover 17.8 18.6 -- -—
Harrison 15.0 11.6 15.9 12.9 c
Jefferson 14.4 9.7 13.7 10.8 f
Knob 20.6 16.6 20.1 18.8
Lakeland 8.1 4.5 8.0 —- .
McNair 601 18.1 -- -- --
Rapidan 15.0 21.1 -- --
Schuyler 16.3 19.2 24.2 19.4
Average 22.8 15.3 18.5 18.5
Height: Inches
Barsoy 30.5 30.8 32.2 30.8
Dayton 33.8 35.4 37.3 . 35.6
Hanover 33.5 34.7 -- --
Harrison 33.7 35.7 37.6 36.6
Jefferson 36.2 38.0 39.8 38.2
Knob 31.1 32.3 34.1 32.7
Lakeland 32.5 34.3 36.2 --
McNair 601 32.3 -— —- -—
Rapidan 31.3 32.3 -- —-
Schuyler 28.8 30.5 32.3 31.3
Average 32.4 33.8 35.6 34.2
18

 A Table 5. {continued)
. 1—Year 2—Year 3-Year 4—Year
Average Average Average Average
· Variety 1970 1969-70 1968-70 1967-70
_ Date Headed: No. Days After March 31
Barsoy 21.4 23.3 23.2 20.6
" » Dayton 25.5 27.7 27.6 25.8
Hanover 28.0 30.0 -- --
Harrison 30.8 33.2 32.3 30.8
_ Jefferson 29.3 32.4 31.8 30.6
Knob 26.5 29.0 28.6 26.3
Lakeland 34.5 36.2 35.2 -—
McNair 601 24.8 -— -— --
Rapidan 28.9 30.4 —- -—
Schuyler 35.9 37.8 37.1 36.4
Average 28.6 31.1 30.8 28.4
Survival: Percent
Barsoy 88.8 94.4 96.3 97.0
Dayton 96.6 97.2 97.5 98.0
Hanover 93.8 94.4 —— -—
· Harrison 95.9 98.0 98.7 98.9
Jefferson 95.6 97.8 98.5 98.8
Knob 94.4 97.2 97.7 98.2
Lakeland 92.5 96.3 97.5 —-
McNair 601 96.6 -— -- -—
Rapidan 95.3 96.9 -- ——
Schuyler 94.4 97.2 98.1 98.5
Average 94.4 96.6 97.8 98.2
Test Weight, Pounds Per Bushel
Barsoy 49.3 49.3 49.4 49.0
Dayton 45.5 44.9 44.6 43.8
Hanover 42.9 43.6 -- --
Harrison 47.7 48.1 48.3 47.8
Jefferson 44.5 45.3 45.2 44.8
. Knob 46.6 46.1 45.9 45.2
Lakeland 47.0 47.1 47.3 --
McNair 601 44.9 -- -- -—
Rapidan 44.0 44.0 -- ——
Schuyler 44.9 45.0 45.0 44.4
Average 45.7 45.9 __46.5 45.8
19

 BARLEY PRODUCTION IN KENTUCKY
Importance
The 1970 barley crop contributed more than $2 million
dollars to the agricultural income of Kentucky. Barley acreage
I increased from 1,000 acres in 1969 to 43,000 acres in 1970.
The average yield per acre was a record 54 bushels in 1970, ‘
compared with 50 bushels in 1969. The acreage of barley has
increased from 41,000 acres in 1969 to 43,000 acres in 1970.
use of barley in double cropping and the release of improved, i
high-yielding varieties suitable for double cropping.
l‘?50—70 l·-—-0 `(ield  
50   .-4 Am   VSO
.45   ` 135
.:3     120 g
301 L90   V
  ,,1 ,75   V
po Q l cv  
.,1  
lo . l·30
L,     15
0   - ~ T- Y ~—— Wl
Seedbed Preparation ·
Scedbed preparation for barley may range from no
preparation to plowing plus two or three diskings. The degree of
soil preparation will depend upon the cropping system involved.
If barley is to be sown conventionally following a corn or
soybean crop, two diskings will usually be sufficient to prepare
a good seedbed.
20

 -. Fertilizer and Lime
" Barley grows best when the soil pH is from 6.0 to 6.5.
To accurately determine lime requirements, a soil test should be
_ made. lf lime is needed it should be applied before seeding. The
following can be used as a guide for lime requirements:
Soil QH Lime Needed, T071s{A
- Below 5.3 3-4
— 6.1-6.7 2-3
Above 6.7 None
A soil test should be used also to determine the amounts
of phosphorus and potassium to be applied. Phosphorus is
particularly important in the fall during early growth when
plant roots are established. It stimulates early growth and
* vigorous root systems that help plants survive the winter.
_ Potassium helps plants develop stronger straw which aids in
reducing lodging. The following can be used as a guide for
phosphorus and potassium applications:
` P/10.37)/ZOTUS Soil Test Phosphorus (P2O5) Needed, Lb/A
Low 80-120
Medium 40-80
High None
Potassium Soil Test Potassium (K2O) Needed, Lb//1
Low 40-80
~ Medium 0-40
High None
Barley grain yield will respond to nitrogen applications
up to the point where lodging becomes a problem. Most ofthe
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 better barley varieties will stand up well under applications of
30 to 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre. A split application is
more effective than a single application. One-half of the
nitrogen should be applied at planting time and the remainder
top dressed next spring about the first of March.
Method of Planting `
There are three general methods of seeding
. barley—conventional drilling, broadcasting, and aerial seeding.
Drilling barley with a grain drill is the most common
method. The use of a grain drill has several advantages. The _
seeds are placed at a uniform depth which can be regulated V
according to soil moisture conditions. Seed distribution is very
good, with no skipped places in the field.
The broadcast method of seeding barley, however, is
becoming more popular because of the reduced labor -
requirements and reduced equipment expense. The barley seed
may be mixed with the fertilizer and this mixture broadcast in
one trip over the field. One disadvantage of this seeding method
V is that stands may not be as uniform as with drilling. Skips may
be left in turning, and there may be strips through the field left
unseeded owing to improper overlapping. A light disking may
be required to cover the seed.
Aerial seeding is being used more and will be discussed
under the section on double cropping.
Planting Rate
Drilled barley should be planted at the rate of IV2-2
bushels per acre. The broadcast and aerial seeding rate should be
increased to 2-2% bushels per acre to compensate for some loss
in stands owing to poor seedling survival if weather conditions
are unfavorable. Planting rates should be increased up to 3
bushels per acre if seeding is delayed.
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 .. Planting Date
if Planting date will effect the yield of barley more than it
·‘ will the yield to wheat. To insure maximum yields, barley
_ should be planted during the first two weeks in October. Yields
are likely to be sharply reduced on late planted barley.
Disease, Insect and Weed Control
Wild garlic may be a problem in barley fields. This weed
- can be controlled by spraying with 2,4-D in March or early
_ April. The rate of 2,4-D per acre should be one—half to one pint
of 4 lb/gal of the amine or ester formulation. At this rate 2,4-D
will also control dock and plantain.
Two diseases which may be a problem in barley fields
are smuts and the rusts. If smuts have been a problem, planting
certified seed is the best way to eliminate this disease. Rusts are
: most easily controlled by growing resistant varieties.
_ Armyworms and grasshoppers are the two insects most
likely to be a problem. Both of these can be controlled with the
use of Sevin applied at the rate of 2 pounds of the 50% wettable
powder per acre.
l Double Cropping
Double-cropping barley with soybean has become quite
popular in Kentucky in recent years. Barsoy, a variety
developed by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station,
was developed especially for double-cropping programs. Barsoy
is a high—yielding, very early-maturing variety with short, stiff
straw which resists lodging.
The maturity date of a barley variety is an important
factor to consider when choosing a variety to use in double
cropping. An early maturing variety is desirable since an early
barley harvest will allow earlier soybean planting. lt is
important to plant soybeans as early as possible so as to take
advantage of a longer growing season.
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 Aerial seeding of barley in standing soybeans has been
successful. One advantage of aerial seeding is that it allows
barley to be sown early enough for the plants to become
established and make sufficient growth before the first hard
freeze. The ideal time for aerial seeding of barley in soybeans is
just before the big lower leaves of the soybean plants fall. The i _
leaves will provide a protective mulch for the germinating barley *
seed. The seeding rate should be increased to 2% bushels per
acre to allow for some stand reduction. The seed is not covered,
and some stand loss can occur during dry weather. Aerial
seeding also saves time which is quite important during the r
harest-time rush. To get uniform seed distribution and avoid _
skipped strips through the field an experienced pilot should be `
used.
Barley seeded the conventional way with land
preparation following the harvest of soybeans can also be
successful in double cropping. The soybeans should be
harvested early enough to permit seeding barley within the T
optimum planting period. __
3M—7-71
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