xt7n2z12rr81 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7n2z12rr81/data/mets.xml Kentucky. Department of Education. Kentucky Kentucky. Department of Education. 1941-07 bulletins English Frankford, Ky. : Dept. of Education This digital resource may be freely searched and displayed in accordance with U. S. copyright laws. Educational Bulletin (Frankfort, Ky.) Education -- Kentucky Educational Bulletin (Frankfort, Ky.), "Kentucky Library Manual for High Schools", vol. IX, no. 5, July 1941 text
volumes: illustrations 23-28 cm. call numbers 17-ED83 2 and L152 .B35. Educational Bulletin (Frankfort, Ky.), "Kentucky Library Manual for High Schools", vol. IX, no. 5, July 1941 1941 1941-07 2022 true xt7n2z12rr81 section xt7n2z12rr81

5 Commonwealth of Kentucky 0

{EDUCATIONAL BULLETIN

KENTUCKY

LIBRARY MANUAL
FOR

HIGH SCHOOLS

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7 >DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
: JOHN W. BROOKER

; Superintendentof Public Instruction

ISSUED MONTHLY

e Entered as second-class matter March 21, 1933, at the post office at
Frankfort, Kentucky, under the Act of August 24, 1912.

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FOREWORD

This Manual has been prepared by Mark Godman of this Depart-
ment. In preparing this Manual, suggestions have been drawn from
many sources. The High School Library Manual, published by this
Department in 1936, has‘been used as a guide and a number of its
features have beenincorporated in this publication. Those who have
given especial assistance are the members of the Department of Library
Science, University of Kentucky, particularly Miss Mildred Semmons,
Head of the Department; and, Miss Elizabeth Jesse, Librarian, Ver-
sailles High School.

The purpose of this Manual is to offer practical suggestions on the
procedures of library organization and administration. It is believed
that it will prove helpful to both the trained and untrained librarian
in meeting the problems of the school library, particularly the library
of the small school. It should also aid principals and superintendents
in establishing standards.

V J. W. BROOKER,
Superintendent of Public Instruction.

139

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School

PHILOSOPHY OF THE SCHOOL LIBRARY

“The philosophy of the school library is to integrate with each
department so that all teachers feel that their pupils’ study is enriched
by the‘ help and resources of the library. To be alert to add infor-
mation and breadth to each subject, so that the teachers may look to it
for inspiration. To open avenues of new approach to the timeworn
curriculum. To meet new problems with intelligence, to bring fresh
light on old ones through a different gaze from the stereotyped peda-
gogical outlook. To surround the student in this room \with an
environment quite different from the classroom, where he will learn a
self control through the informality of a room designed for self
respecting people gathered together for some other purpose than
ephemeral pleasure. To make this room a place of dignity and beauty,
so that the senses may be attuned to things of the mind and spirit.
All these and many more underlie the reasons and need for a high
school library.”—From “The School Library System of Los Angeles,
School Publication No. 235, 1933, Los Angeles City School District.”

141

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword ................................................................................................................. 139
Philosophy of the School Library .................................................................. 141
I. STANDARDS FOR HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARIES 3.
1. Standards of the State Board of Education .............................. 143
2. Standards of the Commission on Secondary Schools of the
Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools... 144
II. ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOL LIBRARY
1. Organization
A. The School Librarian ............................................................ 147
B. Library Room and Equipment 147
C. Organization .................................. 157
D. The Library—Study Hall .......................................... 157
E. Budget for High School Library ...................... 159
F. Book Selection 159
G. Book Buying 169
H. Recommended Reference Books ............................................ 167
I. Periodicals 16B '
J. Bulletins, Pamphlets, Pictures and Clippings .................... 173 3
2. Preparation of Books for Use. Records 9
A. Accession Record ...................................................................... 177
B. Classifying Books ________________________________________________________ .178
C. Shelf Listing ____________________________________________________________________ 179
D. Cataloging _____________________________ 181
E. Circulation Records ..................................................... 183
F. How to File Book Cards .......................................................... 184 l
G. When Book is Returned to Library ___________ .. 134 ‘
H. Record of Pupils Using Library ......................... ‘»
I. Inventory ......................................................
J. Records of the Book Collection ................................... ;
K. Minimum Professional Collection for the Librarian ........ 187 :
III. INSTRUCTION IN THE USE OF LIBRARIES ................... . 139 '
IV. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS _________________________________________________ .194 g
I
V. BOOKS WITH KENTUCKY BACKGROUND ...................... 197
VI. LIST OF FICTION FOR HIGH SCHOOLS ................................ 206 "
VII. BOOK SERVICE FROM THE LIBRARY EXTENSION
DIVISION __________________________________________________________________________________________ 211
VIII. PROFESSIONAL BOOKS FOR TEACHERS ................................ 213
IX. DIRECTORY OF PUBLISHERS AND SUPPLY HOUSES ........ 215 ,

1. REG

a. 301

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a minim
ments a
mentary
ment sh.
pupil e11

b. A2);
A11
spent f0

(1. The
The
(l)
enrollme
librariar
ing shall
(2)
classes)
300 to 51
in librar;
(3)
classes) 1
100 to 3
training
(4)
shall be 3
Pupils.
seienceis

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The
classiﬁed

. 139
......... 141
.......... 143
f the
)Ols.. 144

SES ........ 215

I. STANDARDS FOR HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARIES

1. REGULATIONS OF THE STATE BOARD or EDUCATION: HIGH SCHOOL
LIBRARIES

a. Books

High Schools with an enrollment of 100 or fewer pupils shall have
a minimum of 500 well selected books, exclusive of government docu-
ments and textbooks, selected to meet the needs for reference, supple-
mentary and recreational reading. Schools having a greater enroll-
ment shall increase the number of books at the rate of ﬁve volumes per
pupil enrolled.

b. Appropriation

An annual appropriation of. at least one dollar per pupil shall be
spent for books, periodicals, etc.

c. The librarian
The amount of service of the librarian shall be:

(1) A full-time librarian shall be provided in schools that have an
enrollment of 500 or more pupils. The professional preparation of the
librarian should include a four-year college course. The library train-
ing shall consist of one year of work in an accredited library school.

(2) A part-time librarian (who teaches not more than three
classes) shall be provided in schools that have an enrollment of from
300 to 500 pupils. A minimum of eighteen semester hours’ training
in library science is required.

(3) A part-time librarian (who teaches not more than four
classes) shall be provided in schools that have an enrollment of from
100 to 300 pupils. A minimum of at least twelve semester hours’
training in library science is required.

(4) A part-time librarian (who teaches not more than ﬁve classes)
shall be provided in schools that have an enrollment of less than 100
Pupils. A minimum of at least six semester hours’ training in library
science is required.

(1- Organization

The library shall be satisfactorily located, shelved, cataloged and
class1ﬁed by a simpliﬁed form of the Dewey Decimal system. Careful,

143

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systematic and thorough instruction in the use of the library must be

given and evidence must appear that the library is being used properly.
Successful administration of the high school library, as of any

other type of library, requires the keeping of business—like recordsf ,

The following records are required in high school libraries:

(1) Every high school library shall be required to maintain an '
up—to-date accession record of books purchased or acquired for the "
school library. 3

(2) Records of the book collection, i.e., additions, discards, lossesl ,
etc., shall be maintained by classes of books in every high school
library.

(3) Records of the circulation of books shall be maintained by

means of a card system. This circulation shall be interpreted as cover- Q
ing the home use of library materials by teachers and pupils.
(4) An inventory of books in the high school library shall be
taken annually or semi-annually. {
(5) An up—to-date card shelf-list shall be maintained in schools l
having a librarian devoting four periods or more to library work.
(6) An approximate record of the number of pupils using l
library materials daily shall be kept in each high school. i
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\
2. STANDARDS FOR SCHOOL LIBRARIES on THE COMMISSION ON
SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF THE SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION on
COLLEGES AND SECONDARY SCHOOLs

a. Books
(1) Enrollment of 100 or less students~500 well-selected books

exclusive of government documents and textbooks to meet the needs
for reference, supplementary reading and cultural and inspirational
reading. Also one good general newspaper in addition to the local 1
one, and a well-selected list of from 5 to 10 periodicals, suitable for
students’ use. Books selected from state approved list or from lists ,
approved by Southern Association. .
(2) Enrollment of 100 to 200 students—500 to 1,000 well-
selected books averaging 5 per student. Also good general nevvsp‘rlper :
and well-selected list of from 5 to 15 periodicals suitable for students' ,

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use.
(3) Enrollment of 200 to 500 students—1,000 to 2,500 well-

selected books, newspapers, and 15 to 30 suitable periodicals. .
(4) Enrollment of 500 to 1,000 students—2,500 to 5,000 well ;
selected books, newspapers, and 25 to 50 suitable periodicals. ‘

144

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cals.

) 5,000 well- }

cals.

(5) Enrollment of 1,000 or more students—5,000 or more well-
selected books, newspaper, and at least 40 suitable periodicals.

b. Librarian

(1) Enrollment of 100 or less students—Teacher—librarian with at
least 6 semester hours in Library Science. Excused from certain
number of hours of teaching and thus allotted deﬁnite time for library
work, with regular hours in the library. Sufﬁcient studenthelp
trained by the teacher-librarian to keep the library open all day, but
open only under supervision.

(2) Enrollment of: 100 to 200 students—Half-time librarian with
a one-year course of 24—30 semester hours in an accredited library
school, or half time with college graduation including 12 semester
hours in Library Science.

(3) Enrollment of 200 to 500 studentsﬁF‘ull-time librarian with
same qualiﬁcations and educational background as teachers, including
24—30 semester hours in an approved library school. One or two
years’ teaching experience, is very desirable.

(4) Enrollment of 500 to 1,000 students—Same as above, with
sufﬁcient help and some experience in teaching or library especially
desirable.

(5) Enrollment of 1,000 or more students—Full—time librarian
with college graduation and at least 24—30 semester hours in an
approved library school. Teaching and library experience especially
desirable—a good contact with children already established. For
every 1,000, or major fraction thereof, enrollment, there shall be an
additional full-time trained librarian.

c. Appropriation
(1) Enrollment of 500 or less students—Annual appropriation

of at least $1.00 per student per year for books, periodicals, etc.,
exclusive of salaries.

(2) Enrollment of more than 500 students—Annual appropria-

tion of at least $0.75 per student per year for books, periodicals, etc.,
exclusive of salaries.

(1. Course in use of library

‘ Course of at least 12 lessons in the use of the library given by the
hbrarian or teacher-librarian preferably in the ﬁrst year of high school.
(Thls course is required in all schools.)

e. Organization

(1) Enrollment of 100 or less students—At least an adequate
shelf-list made and an adequate loan—system installed.

145

(2) Enrollment of more than 100 students—Card catalogs, shelf-
lists, accession record, and adequate loan-system.

f. Equipment

(1) Enrollment of 100 or less students to 200—Separate classroom
or end of study hall ﬁtted up with shelving, tables and chairs; always
accessible to students, but under supervision.

(2) Enrollment of 200 to 500 students—Separate room equipped
with tables, chairs, shelves, loan desks, magazine rack, bulletin boards,
catalog case, typewriter, and other essential ofﬁce equipment. Room

should be large enough to accommodate one tenth of enrollment allow-

ing 25 square feet per person.

(3) Enrollment of 500 to 1,000 students—Same as above with
separate library work room and esssential ofﬁce equipment.

(4:) Enrollment 01“. 1,000 or more students—Same as above with
additional equipment to meet needs. If possible separate rooms for
conference and for instruction in the library are desirable.

(If necessary, where impossible to get space in school building
now in use for groups 2 and 3, study hall might be taken over as
library, provided it is properly equipped and sufﬁcient trained help
provided to guide and aid in reading as well as to supervise study. At
least two full—time trained librarians for 4.)

g. These regulations are effective now
(1) Schools that do not comply with library standards subject
themselves to being dropped.

(2) The Commission will not impose undue burdens on Librarians ‘
who were employed prior to December, 1929, and who are giving satiS-

factory service. The Con‘nnission does reserve the right, howeve1‘,lO

require of: such Librarians reasonable additional training in Library .

Science.

more
on an
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servic
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must
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lment allow-

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3 above with
te rooms for

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aken over as
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se study. At

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e giving satis-
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lg in Libral'll

II. ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOL LIBRARY
1. LIBRARIAN, ROOM, EQUIPMENT, BOOK SELECTION, ETC.
A. THE SCHOOL LIBRARIAN

“The effectiveness of the service of the school library depends
more upon the librarian, her personality, training and efﬁciency, than
on any other single factor. Under her competent guidance, a room
full of books can be transformed into a vital and stimulating center of
service to both teachers and students.

“The modern shift away from the single textbook method of
teaching makes the service of the library indispensable to good teach-
ing. It adds to the duties of the librarian a new responsibility; she
must be aware of curriculum trends and understand the problems Of
the teacher. She must read about science, sociology, and the affairs of
today that the library may serve all departments and grow with the
school program. The librarian ’s responsibility to the young people
in the school is as important as her service to the teachers. She must
not only give instruction to help the student become skillful and
resourceful in the use of the library and books, but must foster the
habit of reading for pleasure, and encourage interests along special
lines. i

“Professional efﬁciency and personality are of equal importance
if the librarian is to give real service. Her ability to organize and
administer the library, keep records, supply reference material and
reading, and to teach students to use books and libraries, will nOt be
of lasting value if the librarian does not have a sincere liking for
bOYS and girls, enthusiasm, good humor, and health, and the ability
to inspire and encourage good reading habits and interest in leisure
time activities.”—West Virginia Library Manual, State Department
Of Education, Charleston, West Virginia, 1940.

The salary of the librarian should be the same as that paid
high school teachers where qualiﬁcations are equal.

B. THE LIBRARY ROOM AND EQUIPMENT
1. LIBRARY ROOM
(a) Location

(1) Room centrally located, near or adjoining the study
hall, well heated, well ventilated, well lighted.

147

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(2) Accessible to students under supervision. Should be 1
made attractive to high school students. ‘

(b) Size
(1) The minimum seating capacity should be that of the t

(2) Floor space to seat 15% of student body at tables with
chairs. Allowance should be made for growth.

(3) Floor space of approximately twenty—ﬁve square feet 1,
per reader cares for tables, chairs, aisles, furniture. Space of i
ﬁve feet between the rows of tables and between the tables and [
adjacent walls. Crowded conditions invite discipline problems. (

(4) Tables, 3 ft. x 5 ft. accommodating six students arel
generally recommended. The rows of tables should be so placed ;
that the fewest possible readers have to face the windows. Itis l
usually more satisfactory to arrange the tables with the narrow
end toward the windows so that only one child at each table will
face the light.

(5) A librarian’s workroom with running water should}
open from the reading room. This is needed for routine workl
mending, magazine storage, supplies and the like. ‘

aver age classroom. it
i

(6) Separate conference rooms for pupils are desirable. ‘1
(7) Library Classroom is desirable for library instruction, ‘
reading guidance classes, and other library purposes.

(0) Lighting and ﬁnish

(1) Desirable to have windows on more than one side (Iii
room. L
(2) If artiﬁcial lighting is necessary, it should be provided I
by means of electric ceiling ﬁxtures of an indirect or semi-direct ?
type. - i
(3) “Talls and ceiling should be light colored, preferably

buff.
(4) \Voodwork should be light, preferably light oak.

(d) Furnishings
(1) Furniture should be light in color and hard in ﬁnish
Quartersawed white oak is one of the most satisfactory materiﬂlS- :
(2) If constructed locally, furniture should be made acCOFd' .
ing to library speciﬁcations. .
(3) The lfloor should be covered with battleship linoleum or 3
cork carpet. .

148

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II. FURNITURE AND EQUIPMENT
(3) Chairs
Should be of wood, armless, comfortable and sturdy. Should
vary in height according to the height of the tables (standing height

18 inches). Chair legs should be equipped with rubber tips to reduce
noise to a minimum. Chairs with saddle seats are recommended.

(b) Tables
3 ft. X 5 ft. to seat 6, 28 to 30 in. high is a satisfactory size.
Tables should be strongly built without foot rests or drawers.
(c) Charging desk
In larger schools a regulation library loan desk is desirable,
containing the proper circulation ﬁles, drawers, cupboards, and a
space for returned books. In small schools a ﬂat-top desk will sufﬁce

for all purposes if it has the proper drawer space. The top drawer
should be deep enough to hold 3 in. X 5 in. book cards.

(d) Pamphlet or vertical ﬁle, housing pamphlets, pictures and
chippings.

At least one legal size four-drawer ﬁling cabinet with
drawers 101/2 in. X 151/; in. wide, equipped with ball—bearing slides is
essential.

(e) Dictionary stand
Various types can be secured.

(f) Magazine rack

This is needed for the display of current issues of magazines.
Several types are available. One of the most satisfactory can be built
in with the regular book shelving.

149

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