xt7n5t3g090z https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7n5t3g090z/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1955 journals 026 English Lexington : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.26 text Progress report (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n.26 1955 2014 true xt7n5t3g090z section xt7n5t3g090z Progress Report 26 January 1955
Pennyrile Grain Testing Field
1954 Corn and Sorghum Performance Tests
The cooperative corn performance tests of the University of Kentucky Agricultural
Experiment Station and the Pennyrile Grain Improvement Association were continued in
1954. Results of the tests are presented in this report. The earlier tests (1946-1953)
were reported annually in mimeograph publications.
Two comparative corn yield tests were conducted in 1954 as in previous years.
One=——the uniform performance test——was composed of commercial hybrids that are
grown extensively in Kentucky and the more promising experimental hybrids. The `
_ second test was composed of commercial hybrids being grown in Western Kentucky.
V The rate of corn planting test was continued in 1954, also.
Aygrain sorghum variety performance test was conducted on the Pennyrile Field
for the first time in 1954. Eleven varieties were included. Results of the test are
presented on page 4 of this report.
Experimental Procedure
A cover crop of lespedeza was turned under in the spring of 1954; an application
of 600 pounds per acre of 8=-8-8 analysis fertilizer was broadcast before planting and
· 240 pounds of 4-12-8 analysis fertilizer applied at the row. Hybrids in the uniform
. test were compared in 2 x 10 hill plots using a simple lattice design, while those in
the commercial hybrid test were compared in a simple randomized block design of
five replications. The hill spacing for both variety tests was 42 inches each way,
with three plants grown per hill. The rate of planting test was grown in four—row
plots 35 feet long, with the spacing in the row varying for the different rates of
planting. Grain sorghums were tested in four—row plots of 23 feet long.
Measures of Performance
1. Yields for corn are recorded as bushels, per acre, of shelled grain at 15. 5
percent moisture. Yields for grain sorghum are recorded as bushels, per acre, of
threshed grain at 13. O percent moisture. Corrections were made in the corn tests
for missing and one—stalk hills but not for minor variations in stand. Corrections
for stand were not necessary in the sorghum test or in the rate—of—corn—-planting
l test.
2. Moisture at harvest. The percentage of moisture in the corn at harvest was
y determined by sampling 15-20 ears from each of two replications. The average mois-
ture percentage of the two replications sampled was used in calculating the yields.
Agricultural Experiment Station
University of Kentucky
Lexington

 -3..
3. Broken stalks. The percentage of broken stalks was determined by making
a count of the plants broken below the ear-bearing node.
4. Root-lodged stalks. The percentage of root—lodged stalks was determined -
by making a count of the plants leaning at an angle of 30 degrees or more.
5. Erect plants. Percentage of plants erect is 100 minus the sum of the broken
and root·lodged stalks.
6. Dead stalks were determined by examining the stalk at the base just above
the crown. Structural weakness in the internodes just above the crown is indicative of
‘ premature killing due to the action of stalk-rottening organisms.
Interpretation of Results
Experimental results cannot be freed completely of an element of error. Hy-~
brids of equal yielding capacity may vary appreciably in any one test. The data re-
ported in the following table S have been analyzed statistically to eliminate varietal
differences in yield which may be due only to chance. The computed least significant '
difference (L. S, D.) which is indicative of true yield difference between hybrids is
found at the foot of each table. Unless the two hybrids being compared differ by as
much as or more than the L..S.D. , little confidence can be placed in the superiority
of one over the other, insofar as yield is concerned, that is indicated by the yield
data. Superior performance of a hybrid over a period of years is stronger evidence
of its superiority than the results of one year. For this reason the performance of a
hybrid corn in variety tests over a period of years should be studied to determine its
usefulness for a particular locality or purpose.
Uniform Hybrid Test
Thirty-six hybrids were included in the uniform hybrid test in 1954. The aver-
age yield for the test was 58. 2 bushels per acre, or 1.,2 bushels per acre below the _
1953 average. The yellow hybrids averaged 59. 5 bushels per acre and the white hy-
brids 56. 5 bushels per acre. The data for the uniform hybrid test care given in Table 1..
Twenty-one hybrids tested in 1952 and 1953 were included in the 1954 tests, 14
hybrids have been tested for four years and eight hybrids have been tested for six
years. Data on hybrids tested for more than one year are presented in Table 2.
Commercial Hybrid Test
Twenty-eight corn hybrids and two popcorn hybrids were included in the 1954
commercial hybrid test. The average yield of the 28 hybrids was 57. 6 bushels per
acre, or an increase of 1. 4 bushels per acre over the 1953 average. The yellow hy-
brids ave rage 58. 3 bushels per acre compared to an average of 56. 8 bushels per
acre for the white hybrids. Corn hybrids and popcorn hybrids may be compared on
a basis of returns per acre. Data for the commercial hybrid test are given in Table 3.

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g Twenty-one hybrids tested in 1954 have been tested for two years, 16 have been
tested for three years, eight have been tested for five years and seven have been tested
for seven years. Data on hybrids tested for two or more years are given in Table 4.
Rate of Planting Test
The rate of planting test was continued in 1954 in drilled plots, with spacing be-
tween plants varying with the rate of planting. Each plot consisted of four rows 35 feet
long, but only the two center rows were harvested for yield. All plots were planted
with the white hybrid US 523W. In addition to the fertilizer treatment previously men-
tioned, nitrogen at the rate of 100 pounds of N per acre was applied as a side—dressing
on June 10.
Results of the Rate of Planting Test
Acre yield of Moisture Nubbinsproduced Total Root Ears
Plants per acre shelled grain at Weight Count broken lodged per
Intended Actual 15.5% moisture harvest basis basis stalks stalks plant
1*10. HO. bu. 60 ga 60 Ea ga 1'10..
7,110 7,929 70.2 16.1 19.8 39.8 16.4 10.4 1.20
10,668 10,135 66.9 15.8 24.2 43.3 17.5 10.5 1.00
14,223 13,264 54.3 15.9 52.0 70.8 17.4 11.2 0.89
_ 17,774 16,535 57.1 15.6 62.8 77.8 22.2 16.5 0.81
Y
A difference in yield of 13. 4 bushels per acre is required for significance. The
only significant difference existing in the test is between the lowest rate of planting and
the second highest rate of planting. The lower rates of planting have resulted in higher
yields for three consecutive years. Droughty conditions during the 1954 growing sea-
son probably depressed yields to a greater extent in the higher rates of planting.

 -4- '
Grain Sorghum Test
The grain sorghum test was grown for the first time in 1954. Eleven varieties
were included in the test. Yield and agronomic data are given in the table below.
Results of the Grain Sorghum Yield Test _
Yield per acre
of thre shed Moisture He ight to
grain 13. 0% at   Head .
Variety moisture U harvest leaf plant Exsertion 5/
  V
Plainsman Milo 73. 9 15 29 39 G
Westland 68. 3 17 26 38 G
Midland 61. 2 17 31 42 G-
Early Combine Hegari 61. O 15 40 50 G l
Redbine-56 59. 5 17 25 37 G
DD Early Hegari 58. 6 19 28 36 F
Martin's Combine Milo 58. 6 17 26 40 G7!
Early Hegari 56. 6 19 38 46 F
Redbine-66 52. 6 17 30 42 G
Dwarf Sagrain 46. 8 23 38 46 F-
DD Hegari 38.0 21 29 38 G-
 
1/ Differences ofless than 8. 4 bushels per acre are not significant.
Q F = fair, G - good. Based on the distance between the top leaf and the lowest ’
branches of the head.

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