xt7pnv997j92 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7pnv997j92/data/mets.xml   Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. 1924 journals kaes_circulars_001_3_165 English Lexington : The Service, 1913-1958. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 165 text Circular (Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station) n. 165 1924 2014 true xt7pnv997j92 section xt7pnv997j92 UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
mm COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE I
IIIZIII-
ii l»·· - Extension Division
l·§lu··-
will j THOMAS P. COOPER, Dean and Director 4
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in WJ
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A   CIRCULAR NO. 165
. kill ·
111:111ji
BLACKHEAD
Lcxington. Kc:1t1xc!i·»n xvnrk <‘:1TTi<=»I
°“ IW *‘*·~¤1···r:11i~x1 ¤vl`l]1<·1`¤»IIv1:¤· ··1` .\‘:"·`1`i1:w‘·, l`:=iv· ¤‘~`iI>‘ ··i` I(· Hi\¤¤‘I<\`·
mm Nw Iv. N. IM·|v:u·I1m·1n1 ··1` .\¤;1·?··m'1m._ wm ·ii—:v·i‘¤x1:··I in 1`1:1‘1Y1¤·1··
‘ ““°¤ uf the wml: pi·Uvii!i~Il I`<,»1` in mi- Ai-; in uH·x¤;z¤>s M Maw >. 13*14.
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 2
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. _ · *  

 · CIRCULAR NO. 165 i
BLACKHEAD
(Entcro·hcpatitis1
By A. J. STEINER _
11]:11-1:111-:111 is il 111s1-:1s1- 111:11 }\l`1111&11`11_\' 1111-•`(°1$ t111`1{|‘}·$, 11111 111
1’111`0 111\1i1111‘1‘S 11:1s 111-1-11 1111S1‘1'\`1'11 111 (I111l*1` 11111*1s. 1-s]11-1-1:1115* ehiek-
e11s. 111 \\`1111,‘1l 11. l'1<1S1'1}` 1·1-s1·1111111·s 1111* 11is1-:1s1-. 1`111‘l'1<.111}S1S. 11 is
111e 11111s1 1·111111111111 :11111 1.111111 1l1s1-:1s1· 111. 1111*111-ys. :111111-1111g 1111-111 :11
:111)* :1;:1-. 11111 ]1£11‘111'1l12ll'1}' :11 1.1’E111l•'1'111g.l' 111111*. 111 111:111)* s1-1-111111s
A 111.111U l'111l!l11`}' 1111- 111s1-:1s1- is 511 1111-1*:111-:11 :11111 11218 1-:111s1-11 s111-11
severe 1l)SSl‘S, 111:11 11li111}` 1l1l'1{1‘}' 111.l’l’l11`1`> 1li1\'1‘ 11:111 111 11is]111se 111
111eir 1'1(1(‘1{€.
CAUSE
1 '1`111-111s1-:1s1- is 1·:111s1·1l 11)* il s111-.-1111- 111*11111z11;111 11111-1-11111·g:111is111.
II1.1/1111111111zs 1111/1111;1*1`1l1's, \\·111('11 is :1 s1111:11· 1-1-11 1.111'11l 111 illl11l1il1
1111-. '1`111- 1|1`g11111$111 l‘1l11‘1`S 1111- 111111;* 111 111(' 11111*1 11)* 111(` 111g1-s1iv1-
11*111-1. 111 \\>111('11 11 11:1ss1-s 11ll'll :1 1111111111-1· 111.. 1·1-111·1111111-1i\*1- s1:1g1-s.
1 111111 is 1-1i111111:111-11 \\'1111 1111- l11`(1I1l)111g$ 111 :1 l'}`\111’ s1:1g-1-. 111 111e
1111101* 1'11l'1l1 1111- ()l‘g`2ll11S111 is 1*1-1*;* 1`('N1N111111 111 :1111111s11111-1·11- 1-1111111-
1111115 :11111 is (‘21I12l1111‘ 111 111:1i111:1111i11;; 1111- 1.111' 1Il11ll111S 111 11&11l111·1`1I`
11*e1 111:11-1-s.
SOURCE OF INFECTION
1111'(x(*1*`(1 11*:111-1- :11111 s1111 :11-1- 1111- I11`111lA1l1111 1111-:111s 111. 11-:111s-
111111111g 1111- 111s1-:1s1-. '1`111-5* 111:11 111- 11111-1-11-11 11)* 111-:1111:1ge. 11)* 111s-
1-:1s1-11 \\`1111 1`(1\\'1S. 111* 11_1* 1111* :111111111111 111 111s1-:1s1-11 1.11\\`1S 10 11111
1.211‘l111'1111‘1{S. 1\1`11-1- 1111- 1111-1‘1'11<111 is ()11(41` I11.(`$(1111 11 1s i111]111ssi111e
101-s1i111:111- 111111* 11111;; 11 1-1-111:1111s. 1<··· »lil»l.· U ,
. l 1 l
lllsvglsv, 2ll'·‘ l`z1\‘¤¤¤‘:2lvla* l1¤>l‘ i1< |*l`*‘l¤lll!illlu_\‘l]lg
1.U\\'lS Oll illly \l?¤`l'l&'\ \'Ill`¥‘ Sllwlllll l‘\‘ lZll{<`ll lil \l¤‘li`l'll|lll|' lllill lll1·\
uw not l`1·»»ml·l;l\·llll< <»l` l»l:u·l¤-;¤1· llllllll`ll'l_\'. l`··:1Il1¤·1·~ ill'<‘ 1·11lll..ll
Qlllxl \\`lll;_[`$ llllllllk \\l¤'Zll{ll¤'*`, ll*'ll¤’\`Ell*l\‘ lll lll¤‘ l\‘}.{`<. \'illl<1‘$ {ly
llis·~;ls·~·l l··\\l hr l.;Q l*~·llll1·l lliv l'~‘~i ·>l· lllv tl····l; ;111l:1l1¤l. ,\ >»ll`5_
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Fig. 1. A typical lylzlclalunzul liv<·1· slmwiug large nucrotic :11‘<¥i\$ Ou
I ` surface.

 ]}/111-/.‘/11111] 5
my ¥1·1·,·11i»11 1-1-111111 111111-1-111-11 11|i1_\1 11•‘\11‘111[1 \\1111 1111- (‘111'1_\' >111111111111s
`-mu 1,1-111:11 11111 11]-]-1-J11‘ ll|l111 #111-1‘11_\' 111-11111%- 111-:1111. 111111- 1111111-111w 1s 1
11,.1 111 111·»1 111111 1111111111-1-11. 1*111 1'\111111111111_\1 111*° 1111-11 >11111» 1111111; 111111
_ 1·;1111111_\' 111~=-~ 111-~1l. 111111- 1111l'1i 1*1111*11 111~1·111111-11111111 11111111- l11·;111_
111-11111 \\1I1|'11 1111- 1I1~1-:1~1- 111-1-111-~ 11~ 11111111-. 1~ 11111 &11\\1i|_\'S I111*‘*'°111.
111111- >111111111111> \'&1I‘_\' 111111 1111- l1111111111111 1111 1111- 111~1·11~1-. }11111111·1·
11.1. {.,11-11 11-11111- 111"_\1 111'1‘J1\11¤1|£111_\1 1111\111 :111 211'1111‘ 11111- 1111 1111* 1115-
1`11111 11;1>.· 111111 1111- ¥11'1111°111_\1. 111-1- 11>111111_\' ~11-11 E1 111-1-11 111· 11·1··1_ 11111’1]1{j
1111- 111111-11 111111- 111!‘_\1 11111111111-~1 1111- 1-11:11-111-11-1-1~111· };\1111l’1(’111<. 1*111111s.
·11»·- ]111Z11111111111~ '1111|§l`1’. 1111 1111- ‘°'*l11111111§1. 1|"11111_1~1 111-11111s 1111- 111111111
>11111. 1111*4 1111_1~ 11'11111\\1111;I 1111- 111'>1 ~_11111111·11;>. 1-.1111-11 111-1- >111111111' 111 ·
11111>1- 111 1111- 111i111l1'1‘ 1111-.11>. 11111 11·\\ ]11·11111111111·1-11.
1 LES1ONS
111111- 11\1|'11{11111 1111-1-1-1-11. 111- 11111:11 1-11111-11--<. :111- 1111- l1111111’1111111
111·;;111~ \‘111111‘11 S1111\\1 I11111111111!1'1111 1-1111!1g··~ 111 111111·1;111-1111, '1`11--
11\`1’1' 1< 1·1111~1—11-1111_\’ 1-111:111;--11 111111 1Ei1\ 11!1 11< :—111‘11111·1- 1-111-111111 1
111-111.< 111111·|1 \1i11'}` 111 ¤1;1<1· 111**111 il I‘1‘I1 111 21 1111111111111111-. -1·11g. 1.
111111-»1-111-1-11~111-1- 111-1111-1-1111111 1111` 111’11111111 1111-1- 11~~111- 1111111111111-11r
>11g1111_1 >-111111-11 1111 1111- $111111{1*°1.. 111111-1 111-1- 11111111s1 111-1-111--·11y
111111111. 11111··>s 1\\`11 111- II11\1`{‘ 11:111- 1-111111-~1·1-11; [11111 ;11-1- 11 gray 11]·
11-1111111~11-111-111111 111 1-111111-. 111111 111|` 1-1-1111-1 1111 1111* 111-1-11 1111- (111111;*
1-~1. 1111111- 1111-1- 1»1·111 11 11-111 111- 1111~1-1-11-1 111111 1111- 11111111F 1-111-1111
l11‘1‘1*1}1 111111 1111` 5111111'11111|‘ 11111111* 111'Q`&l1l. 11`111- 11-s11111~ 111 1111- 1-1-1-11.
11111111111\\111}1< 111-1-<1-111, l1l21_\' 11111 111- >111l11\111>11\i1S1111)S1‘ 111 1111-1111-1-.
111111`}1\11111_\1 111·1111111s11u-111 11111;11111111111111111111111-111111·11~111111- 11111-1-11:11
1111111u. 11111 \\'\11'1°l‘ 111(11`1111111111 111- 11111-111-111113111111111- 111- 1111111 1-1-1-:1.
11*11;. 2.- 111 1111-111111···1-1111s1111-111111~1-11~1-<1111-1111111-111·>111-1-Q1-1-1111)*
(11111111;:1111 1:1111 1111111111l`(1. 1111(1 11111111111 il 111'11l. 1|11111l1}1 11-111111. 111-1·-
1-11111- 1-x11111.11-. \\'1l11‘11 1l1&l}` 1·111111111·11-1_1 1111 1111- 1-111111. 111111- 1111·1-1--
11111111 1111 1111S 111-;:111 1112l_\' l`X1\'1111 1111-11 11111 \\`il11 111111 :111\1U1\1C 1111-
j11111111g 111'§2l11S.
'1`111-111-1-s1-111-1-111`1111- 1(`$1(111N 111 1-11111-1- 11111 1111-1- (111 1-1-1-11 is suf-
111-11-11'1 (`\11(1(`l1l`{* 1111 \\1111('11 111 1121>1‘ 21 11111g1111»1s.
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
1-115 on 11`111- (l111}' 1111‘2l1lN 1111 111-1-11-111111g 1111- 111s1-11s1- is 11_1 1-11111111111111g
11111 p11ss1111·`- s11111-1-1-s (111 111111-1-111111. \\'1111‘11 is l11111l111l'1111)1 1111P11Ss11111‘

 ` l
3 l
1 G K¢‘2zf21c]r_1/ 1J.z·l1»m`uu (`[1w·u/ur X11. lrf.7
with the {ICllt‘l`2ll lll•,‘llll>llS usml in ruixing t111·l;··_x·s. 'l`lu· ·li~l·u1,_
l10\\'•J\'01‘. llals lwvll [>l'm*\'<‘lll1‘l' ill l¤·;l>\ ¤‘<1l1ll'¤¤lle‘l ]»:11‘ll:1l <11‘ >I1‘i<·l <·¤n|1ll111·111··1lI. V
C011t1·u1·y to gQI1t’l'ill l¤¤·li1·l` ll1l`l{¤‘§'$ ¤'illl lw l'ill$¤‘¤l Nlll'K'l’SNl·llll\` `
without free 1`1l1lg`<‘, us muny ol` ilu- l2ll';“t‘>l l»1····—·l··1·s uw lim- _
l raising them i11 t'lu.u].l
be 011 high. \\`Ull·lll’illIl&‘11l¤l l··· ]>1··»1··<·1¤·¤l uuuixm ···»u1;uul. I
nation from ihc foot or [»i11us wl. llw 1111·|<··_\·s_ uml um- i
gleuii \\';lil*1`, l>I't‘l.(‘l`2llll}` l.l'UIll u wvll ·»1· ··i>1·~1·1n. >I»·»ul·l lw ull,
· V ·•` A . ·. 
>'·     I ‘
`°'r"‘ ·' QR; il `  i
5 ‘i;‘..€¥¥' l· `
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‘ Fig. 2. Ceca. showing ulcers which have fcsluiul thru thi; wall. .

 Bleuklzcad 7
plied. Water holes should not he allowed to form. Feed should
1·:1s1~_ ‘ llc given i11 protected troughs. in which the turkeys cannot ·
~1·1···l Smntl, o1· on a floor. \\'lll<'ll van 1·1·:1dily he cleaned; but never on
.111·.·¤ {lm gftlllllll. lloiises. lf>{l(‘ll|¤'1` with feeding and watering uten-
11*111. . sils.sl1ould he (llSllll>1‘('ll’Il l·1't*1lll<‘llll}' with :1 5 per eent solution
l`11lly . 0fgl‘q·1)s1lI1* or any (IllI|‘l` strong Slf>ll ol` the 1ll*•'1l`¢'. hut also for their
e111*:1tiv1· l>l'(llH‘l`ll('$. -\s 111ost ot' these drugs eorrode metal, the
[null. upgllsilg gllnlllnl luv (Il. glass Ul' ¢'I‘4u·l(1*l‘_\`. -
only _ 'l`l1e followiiig 1·1»111l»i11:1ti·»11<. \\`l|l¢'l1 ll2i\`Q given the best re-
snp- 1 sults. :11·1· dosed l·lll` 1li~··:1s···l tloeks llllll should he given con-
llllllillly l.1ll` two \\'l‘l*l($. l'ollowi11g \\`lll<‘ll. the dose is l`t‘(lllCCd one-
llillf hy tlflllllllllg the :1111o1111t of \\`&ll•‘l'. The latter dilution may
also he used l.4l1` ]>l'1‘\`t‘lIllllll.illt‘ ........,. 20 grains
\\vill(*l` ..................... 1 gallon
Biehloride of mercury ...... 15 grains
Sodium s11l]1l1o»1·:11·l»o11:1t1· .... 15 grains
1 (e`aleiu111 siilplio-e:1rl>o11:1te .... 15 grains
Zine Sllllllltl-Oill`ll(l1lillt‘ ....... 15 grains
`\\':1t1-1· ..................... 1 gfilllllll
Sodiuin Slll[lllO»l‘2ll`llOll&ll<’ .... 15 grains
(r`2ll(‘ll}lIl SlllIllltl-l'Zl1'llUllillU .... 15 grains
Zine Slllplltl-Cill`llO1l2'llC ....... :10 g1'21l1lS
\V:1ter ..................... 1 gallon
wall. _ V
, , \ . ’ 1

 S I1'111’1/1·/.·_•/ /·.`.1·/111.<[1»11 ('1`1·.111/111· N11 /1;.7
‘ \\'l11-11 1l1·— t111·l<1~y 1·1·l`11>1·s 11»1l1·i11l1. 1l1<\1»lv¤· ;111_x· ol` ll11· ;1l···1··-
1'0lllL‘Lll1‘S lll il 1>i111 lll$ll`:lll ol` il Qillllill ol` \\~:ll(`l' illlll giw ·l:1ilg.·
twot;1l»l1~s1»11o11l'11l< to il lIliIllll'L‘ l»i1··l illlll 11m· lo il 1»1>11ll.
X11111··1·o11< ¤\lllt‘l` llI’llL!`i ;:1··· <1l`11·11 l1ig·l1l_v 1·1-¤·o1111111·11·l··1l ly;
llll`l{l‘}' 1'2llS•_‘l`S for llll‘ 1·o11l1·ol ol` lililvlillvllll. 'l`l11· llllhl 1·o111111~11
of thcio ipoczw. wl1i<·l1 is Qm*ill‘i`2lll)' giwu lll llllx l}()\\'LlCI`Q·l
_ form as follows; Two lt‘1lS[1m1llSl`lll ;11·o :11l1lo1l to s11l`ll<·1c11t 111:1slz
for 20 po11l1< illlll ;11l111i11ist¤—1·1·1l 1wi1··· :1 w1~1·l< 11111il tlwy z11·1~ {lu-.-;
111o11tl1s of ;1g1·, :1l`11~1· \\'lll<‘ll lll1‘ 1l·»~»· is 1·11l lll l1:1ll` Zllltl ul1~·11
01111o il w1·1~l<. l)ll¤‘ 1:1l·l1·>1>1··»11l`11l l`··1· Zll l»i1··l~ i< 1···¤·o111111··111l»·1E A
l\\`ll'CZl\\'1‘1‘l{ 1'1·1· >lr‘l{ 111:1t111··· llll‘l{<‘_\`>. l‘lX|¤¤‘l'llll¢‘lllJ1ll_\`. l111w1·x·»-1·. _
tl1l>z1ml11ll11·1‘1l1·11g‘<1l1:1l l1:1\‘1~:1\l1·;1··l···l l`:1\‘1»1·, l1;1x‘·· lllvl [·1··•\‘··~l
To lw s¤11·1`1€·:11#l·»11s.