xt7wpz51hk5f https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7wpz51hk5f/data/mets.xml The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. 1944 bulletins English The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for information regarding rights and use of this collection. Frontier Nursing Service Quarterly Bulletins The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. 20, No. 1, Summer 1944 text The Quarterly Bulletin of The Frontier Nursing Service, Inc., Vol. 20, No. 1, Summer 1944 1944 2014 true xt7wpz51hk5f section xt7wpz51hk5f Z'/rr Quarterly l6’rr//rim
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NINETEENTH ANNUAL REPORT
VOLUME 20 SUMMER, 1944 NUMBER 1
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The red truck given the Frontier Nursing Service by a friend in North
Carolina and a friend in New Jersey, and named for both of them.
I
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THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN of THE FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE, Inc. V
Published Quarterly by the Frontier Nursing Service, Lexington, Ky. _ f_ `
Subscription Price $1.00 Per Year E
r
Printed in conformity with Government wartime regulations for saving paper. `
VOLUME 20 SUMMER, 1944 NUMBER 1
"Entered as second class matter June 30, 1926, at the Post Office at Lexington, Ky.,
under Act of March 3, 1879." _ Q *
Copyright 1944 Frontier Nursing Service, Inc. é`
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I

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t i
l ARTICLE AUTHOR ‘ PAGE
A Cadet in Scalf Hollow Louisa Chapman 40
lll: .. l' A Cadet on Leatherwood Ruth. E. Alexander 48
it V A Cadet and the Stidhams Madge Cyr 52
“ c' A Night Nurse’s Four Days Off
$5 ,V_ 1 (illustrated) Mary L. LeFevre 16
ll Annual Report 2
‘ _ Beyond the Mountains 69 '
» Field Notes l 75
~··i¤•·.1% ’ First Two Months with the Cadets
(Cartoons) Bertha Bloomer 44-47 V
Fly-Proof Manure Bent (a drawing) Caroline Williams Inside back cover
K Garden House Slide (illustrated) 35
Old Courier News 20
Old Staff News 56 ’
: BRIEF BITS
{ A Word about Cadets Editor 43
] An Extra Day (Verse) William W. Pratt 83
Baby Will Fret (Cartoon) B. W. Schilling 55
Between Midnight and Morning · War-time Verses 15
l Big Sister (Photograph) Jane Rainey 19
E From Allan M. Trout Louisville Courier—Journal 68
fi Just Jokes, His Method 39
¥ % Just Jokes, Naval 74
{ No Nation Anthony Eden 74
Plumbing the Depths The Outpost, England 74
Rural Nurse New York Times 51
fi ’ The L6·W of Life Juan T. Trippe 74
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- 2 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
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# . i
, HIFNER AND FORTUNE Q
f CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS *
_ LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY ·
To the Ofiicers and Trustees,
, Frontier Nursing Service, Incorporated, `
Lexington, Kentucky. p
Ladies and Gentlemen: E
We have made a detailed examination of your records and
· accounts for the fiscal year ended April 30th, 1944, with the
result as disclosed on the annexed Exhibits and supporting
Schedules.
Endowment and Memorial Funds were certified to us by the
various Trustees therefor.
Contributions and gifts, in cash, have been checked against
the Treasurer’s receipts and reports and traced into the bank.
All disbursements have been verified by means of canceled ,
checks and supporting vouchers, and the bank accounts have K
been reconciled and found correct. p
In our opinion all monies have been duly and properly ac-
counted for. V
Respectfully submitted, Q
(Signed) HIFNER AND FORTUNE
Certified Public Accountants. ·
Lexington, Kentucky
May Eighteenth,
Nineteen Forty-four. A
.

3 »

Fnoncrmn Nunsine smnvicn zz
ANNUAL REPORT
Q of the
i FRONTIER NURSING SERVICE, Inc.
.. May 1, 1943, to April 30, 1944
PREFACE 1
. In presenting a report on our nineteenth fiscal year, a year
` of such immense significance in terms of the war, we find it
i difficult to appraise this work apart from the war. On the one
hand, we have had to assume added responsibilities; and on the
other hand, we have had to see our way through a veritable
g jungle of confusion due to changes and marriages in the staff,
Q the loss of skilled workers, the shortage of manpower and
womanpower to carry a heavier than common load. It is a
if source of deep happiness to us to recall how superbly our staff,
those old in the Service and those new in the Service, have car-
‘ ried on under difficulties and tensions unknown in times of
peace. Due to them and to the continued support of our thou-
?§ sands of friends, who have royally met their share of war chari-
ties and bonds but have not let us down, we are able to present
i; a report of finances and of operations not too far removed
from the goal at which We aimed.
"Ah, but a man’s reach should exceed his grasp,
Or what’s a heaven for ‘?"
Q FISCAL REPORT
Y; The fiscal statements in this annual report are taken from
· the exhibits and schedules of the audit, which was duly made by
I; Hifner and Fortune, certified public accountants; and the figures
in the report of operations are supplied by the statistical depart-
ment of the Frontier Nursing Service.
Our receipts this year from all sources for running ex-
penses, retirement of debt and new endowment were $133,533.99
(Exhibit B of the audit). Of this total, the sum of $15,848.31 is
new endowment. The total number of subscribers to the Fron-
tier Nursing Service during the year was 3,460, the largest num-

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_ 4 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
. Xl
ber we have ever had. Total gifts and contributions were `
$84,864.41 (Schedule B-5 of the audit), inclusive of $2,551.00 i
; from the Alpha Omicron Pi National Sorority and chapters for l
_ Social Service. Our investment income from endowment for
* the year was $12,907.77. The grant of Federal scholarships for ;
the Frontier Graduate School of Midwifery was $5,866.67 and
3 the income from the Wendover Post Oflice was $693.23. The
p Benefit of the Washington, D. C. Committee brought in $3,114.90. 7 A 3
4 The Bargain Box revenue and Benefit from the New York City `
Committee brought in $3,050.00. The total receipts from medi- `
3 cal, Hospital, and nursing fees was $6,975.50. These are the i
main sources of income for the past fiscal year (Schedule B—1 <
of the audit). _ - _
ENDOWMENT _
_ The total endowment funds of the Service up to date are
taken from Exhibit D of the audit and are as follows:
` ~ Joan Glancy Memorial ....................................,......................... $ 5,000.00
_ Mary Ballard Morton Memorial ..................r............r.r.......... 85,250.83 T
Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Fund No. 1 ...................... 15,000.00
Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Fund No. 2 .................... 50,000.00 ·
Belle Barrett Hughitt Memorial ............................................ 15,000.00
Isabella George Jeffcott Memorial ........................................ 2,500.00 gg
Bettie Starks Rodes Memorial ................................................ 5,000.00
Eliza Thackara Fund ................................................................ 1,118.87
Childrens’ Christmas Fund in Memory of Barbara Brown 1,000.00
Marion E. Taylor Memorial .................................................... 10,000.00 . Q_
Fanny Norris Fund .................................................................. 10,000.00 t
Marie L. Willard Legacy ........................................................ 3,013.51 5.
William Nelson Fant Memorial .............................................. 77,159.43
Mrs. Charles H. Moorman Bonds ............................. . ............ 300.00 i
Lillian F. Eisaman Legacy .........................._........................... 3,250.00 .
Anonymous General Endowments ........................................ 102,400.00 {
Total .................................................................................... $385,992.64
CASH IN BANKS ,—
The current accounts and salaries of the Service were paid _
up in full at the close of the fiscal year, and the cash on hand ;:
in banks and petty cash funds was $9,196.41. V {
‘ INDEBTEDNESS U »
The Frontier Nursing Service was able to clear off $5,000.00
of its old indebtedness this past year. We now only owe $5,000.00 ‘·
from a total of $50,000.00 loaned by our Trustees during 1930-

FRONTIER NURSING snavicm 5
Ts
· 2 1932, to enable us to tide over that diflicult period. The Serv-
-, ice also owes certain older members of its staff the sum of
I $14,893.35, representing the amount, on a two-thirds basis, of
unpaid salaries, voluntarily loaned the Service, during the same
. years of adjustment and reduction. This reduction of debt
j annually is met out of unrestricted endowment income and not
Q, out of subscriptions to the Frontier Nursing Service because
every dollar given the Service goes directly into the work of the
Service. When the indebtedness is cleared off, we plan to rein-
vest annually the same proportion of endowment income and
2 increase our total endowments in that way.
W REAL ESTATE, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT
. (From Exhibit C of the Audit)
_ The Frontier Nursing Service owns realty, equipment, and
{ livestock conservatively estimated by our auditors, after adjust-
ments in values have been written down or up, at $259,77895, all
without lien. K

g INVENTORY
An inventory is taken every spring of the property of the
Service. Among its major holdings are the following:
Hyden
I. A stone Hospital one wing of which is the Mary Ballard
Morton Memorial, one wing the Mary Parker Gill Memorial, and
a frame Annex, Memorial to "Jacky" Rousmaniere; Joy House,
g home of the Medical Director; Aunt Hattie’s Oak Barn, gift of
Mrs. Henry Alvah Strong; the Midwives’ Quarters for the Fron-
tier Graduate School of Midwifery; water tank; two tenants’
*‘ cottages; and out buildings such as garages, work shop, pig
A house, forge, engine house, fire hose house, and the Wee Stone
'_ House.
\Vendover
Three log houses, as follows: the Old House ("in memory
QW of Breckie and Polly"), the older Cabin, the Ruth Draper Cabin;
the Garden House; the Couriers’ Log Barn and Aunt Jane’s
,; Barn; numerous smaller adjacent buildings such as the Upper

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- 6 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
· and Lower Shelf, heifer barn, horse hospital barn, tool house, _
chicken houses, forge, apple house, smoke house, engine house,
z fire hose houses, water tanks, and the Pebble Work Shop.
a
5 Georgia Wright Clearing
_ A caretaker’s cottage and barns; extensive pasture land
. for horses and cows; a bu11’s barn and stockade.
Jessie Preston Draper Memorial Nursing Center YL
(Beech Fork; Post Oifice, Asher, Leslie County)
Frame building and oak barn; water tank and engine house; ._
fenced acreage for pasture and gardens; deep well.
Frances Bolton Nursing Center
(Possum Bend; Post Oifice, Confluence, Leslie County) ‘»
Frame building and oak barn; pump and tank; fenced acre- ·
‘ age for pasture and gardens; deep well. J
Clara Ford Nursing Center V
(Red Bird River; Post Office, Peabody, Clay County) T
Log building and oak barn; engine house and fire hose
house; deep well; tank; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens. }_·_
Caroline Butler Atwood Memorial Nursing Center
(Flat Creek; Post Ofiice, Creekville, Clay County) g,
Frame building and oak barn; tank and fire hose house;
walled-in spring; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens.
Belle Barrett Hughitt Memorial Nursing Center 4
(Bullskin Creek; Post Office, Brutus, Clay County) ..
Frame building and oak barn; tank; fire hose house; walled- _.
in spring; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens. Q.
Margaret Durbin Harper Memorial Nursing Center ,_
· (Post Office, Bowlingtown, Perry County)
Frame building and oak barn; tank; fire hose house; walled- ,
_ in spring; fenced acreage for pasture and gardens.
_ Subsidiary Clinics C
Five small clinic buildings on the following streams: Bull P
Creek, Stinnett (Mary B. Willeford Memorial), Grassy Branch, i

FRoNT1ER NURSING smnvrcn 7 q
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Hell-for-Certain Creek, and the Nancy O’Driscoll Memorial on
l Cutshin Creek.
.
Q Livestock
Thirty-one horses; two mules; fifteen cows; three heifers;
two calves; over four hundred chickens.
I . Equipment
Equipment includes: three old {Ford cars (two Model A’s
_' for district use); one Ford station-wagon-ambulance; two old
Chevrolets; tanks; engines; pumps; farm implements; plumb-
~ ers’ tools; fifty-three pairs of saddlebags; saddles; bridles;
halters; hospital and dispensary supplies and hospital and house-
hold furnishings in twenty buildings variously located in a seven-
f hundred-square-mile area.
‘ II
Q REPORT OF OPERATIONS
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL
It was in the fourth month of the past fiscal year that our
Medical Director for nearly twelve years, Dr. John H. Kooser,
left us for the Navy. He is now at sea in a Pacific area of opera-
tions. His successor, Dr. James M. Fraser, took over in August ”
1943. The work of Medical Director for the Service during the
l past iiscal year was therefore carried for approximately one-
third of the time by Dr. Kooser and two-thirds of the time by
_ Dr. Fraser.
j;. Major surgery was handled by Dr. R. L. Collins of Hazard,
~ who has carried it since our earliest days, in all weathers and at l
all hours of the day and night, and with no cost to us. His
E charges to the patients are in proportion to their ability to pay
QA and include a great many free operations. As it was impossible
to get a doctor to relieve for Dr. Fraser’s all-too-brief vaca-
, tion, Dr. Collins arranged to have acute surgical and accident
i cases relayed during that period to his mining hospital at Hazard
I and authorized our Hospital Superintendent to give specified
. emergency treatments to these patients when conditions required. ‘

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. _ 8 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
HYDEN HOSPITAL
The Frontier Nursing Service Hospital at Hyden was occu- 3.
* pied 5,201 days last year by 597 patients with a daily average
; of 14.2 patients. Of these patients, 361 were adults, including _
» 224 obstetrical patients, 106 were children and 130 were newborn.
. There were 13 deaths in the Hospital during the fiscal year, of ‘ P
S which one was newborn and none were obstetrical. At the Med-
· ical Director’s clinics in the outpatient department of the Hos- _
* pital there was a_total of 5,130 visits received during the past . _
4 fiscal year. I
· DISTRICTS
In the 13 districts carried by the Frontier Nursing Serv-
ice from the Hospital, Wendover, and 7 outpost centers, we at- ;
[ tended 8,012 people in 1,637 families. Of these 4,527 were chil-
dren, including 2,051 babies and toddlers. The district nurses ,_
paid 18,060 visits and received 19,529 visits at the nursing cen- {
ters and at their subsidiary clinics. Included in this figure are
the 5,130 visits received at the Hyden clinics. Beside nursing . »
care was given to 1,157 sick people on the districts, of whom Y;
29 died. ii
F
At the request of the State Board of Health, the Frontier ;¥
Nursing Service gave 6,629 inoculations and vaccines against ’
typhoid, diphtheria, smallpox, whooping cough, et cetera, and
sent 1,729 specimens for analysis.
This part of our report has reference to general district
nursing only and does not include the midwifery carried day and
night by the nurse-midwives. The figures for midwifery are cov- 3
ered under the following section. 3
MIDWIFERY __ ,;
_ Registered Cases `
The nurse-midwives and the student midwives of the Fron-
_, tier Graduate School of Midwifery (under supervision of their E.
instructors) delivered 327 women in childbirth, including 1 mis- Qi
carriage, and gave them full prenatal and postpartum care.
Exclusive of the miscarriage there were 322 live births and 8
stillbirths. There were 4 deliveries of twins. There were 339 `

Fnomumn Nuasmc SERVICE sa
I new cases admitted and 312 closed after postpartum care. There
» were no maternal deaths.
I. ]EIIlBI‘gCIlCy Cases
` ; In addition to these regular registered maternity cases,
- Q the nurse-midwives and midwifery students of the Graduate
School were called in for 7 emergency deliveries, where the
s mother had not been registered or given prenatal care, which
* resulted in 7 live births; and for 13 emergency miscarriages (11
early and 2 late). There were no maternal deaths.
I Outside-Area Cases
C; There were 57 deliveries in the group of cases outside the
_ area covered by the Frontier Nursing Service, but not emer-
i gencies since these cases had all come to the nurses to register
Q and receive prenatal care. Of these 57 cases, 53 were delivered
in the Frontier Nursing Service Hospital at Hyden. Two of
these deliveries were twins, one of the four twins being a still-
born. There were 55 live births and 4 stillbirths in this group,
Q and no maternal deaths.
We did not get a marked drop in the number of patients
handled in our maternity work during the past fiscal year. In
the previous year we delivered 407 women in all categories;
namely, registered cases, emergency cases, and outside-area
cases. During the past Hscal year in the same three categories
we delivered 405 women.
{ THE FRONTIER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MIDWIFERY
The report for the midwifery training school for the past
I fiscal year covers the completion of the six months’ course for
·; the sixth and seventh classes of graduate students and the first
A half of the course for the eighth class. All of the students in
- · the sixth and seventh classes passed successfully the final exami-
nations given by Dr. Chenoweth from the Board of Health of
the Commonwealth of Kentucky and were authorized to use
= the letters C. M. (Certified Midwife) in addition to their R. N.
(Registered Nurse). The nurses from Georgia, Indiana, and
P West Virginia (Miss Ruth Davis, Miss Gene Stout, Mrs. Cath-
erine Lory, and Miss Alberta Morgan) returned to their own

_ 10 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN -
A 1
States to work. Miss Gladys Moberg, Miss Grace Reeder, Miss
Jane Rainey, and Miss Doris Reid remained with the Frontier
, Nursing Service.
CADETS V
The Frontier Nursing Service has undertaken for the Iirst "
time the training of cadets in rural district nursing under the · _
, terms of the Bolton Act. This, like the training of graduate d
Q nurses in midwifery, is a measure brought about by the war to
. equip nurses for work in rural areas. Through afliliation with `
{ The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, we took in the late El
spring four of their senior cadet nurses for approximately five ‘
months’ training in rural district nursing. These cadets are the I
Misses Alexander, Bloomer, Chapman, and Cyr. They are placed, .
except for a brief period in the Hospital at Hyden, with ex-
_ perienced district nurse-midwives who act as Field Supervisors
for the Frontier Nursing Service. Under the terms of the Bol- 2
ton Act they are given full maintenance, horses (which are re- * l
quired on all but one of the districts), and a stipend of thirty
_ dollars a month. This experiment of the Frontier Nursing Serv- _ Q
ice is meeting with uniformly happy results. The cadets are {
learning eagerly and are responding superbly to such respon- __
sibility as can be given them. Their training does not include
midwifery as they are not graduate nurses. T
SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT
(Alpha Omicron Pi Fund) B
The Social Service Department gave care to 13 dependent
or semi-dependent children during the past year. They were
placed as follows: ·
8 in private homes in the mountains A
1 at Berea College
2 at a mission school ¢_
2 at the State Blind School f
During the past year, a number of dependent children be- i'
came eligible for help under the Aid to Dependent Children’s Act _;
and needed less help financially from the Social Service Depart- _ .
_ ment, and in some cases needed no financial help at all, but the P
Social Service Secretary co-operated with the welfare workers
in the counties in connectioniwith them. Other children who

FRONTIER NURSING smizvicm 11
needed aid received it through allotments from their soldier ·
fathers, but Social Service time in a number of cases was given in
connection with these children, particularly with some who are
3 motherless.
g Social Service gave intensive care to 15 families (widows
I and bedridden fathers) and, through the generosity of a Chi-
cago Trustee, gave garden seed, seed potatoes and potato grow- ·
. er, onion sets, sweet potato slips, and so forth, to 12 of these
`Q families. The Social Service Secretary had the assistance of the
County Agricultural Agent in the purchase of these supplies.
ij, Included in these families were two tuberculous widows.
2 The Social Service Secretary acted as the agent for a family
receiving state and county "Idiots’ Claim."
, The Social Service Department received and distributed
hundreds of articles of clothing and hundreds of books and gave
food and other assistance.
_; The Social Service Secretary took 46 patients to dentists and
I ` oculists in Hazard and paid the charges, which were refunded
later by such of the patients as could meet them through work
or produce.
The Louisville and Nashville Railroad issued 54 passes to the
'_ Social Service Department for patients and attendants taken
out on this railroad for medical and hospital care in Louis-
=i ville, Lexington, and Cincinnati.
GUESTS
The Frontier Nursing Service entertained at Wendover 78
{ overnight guests a total of 314 days and 199 guests for a total
of 420 meals only. Included among these guests are both out-
side and mountain friends. Included also are the physicians who
g came to us through UNRRA in order to study the medical
aspects of our remotely rural work before their assignments
overseas. No exact record has been kept of the guests at the
Hyden Hospital and seven outpost centers.
E VOLUNTEER WORKERS
Twenty-three couriers and other volunteer workers worked
· for the Frontier Nursing Service a total of 1,200 days. They
l Q lived at Wendover, Hyden and the outpost centers.

i ~ V V
- 12 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN
CHRISTMAS i
The Frontier Nursing Service gave toys, fruit, and candy pl
" to more than 5,000 children at Christmas, and clothing to those ,
who needed it. The Service also held Christmas parties at many ~
different places for these children, with Santa Claus and Christ-
. mas carols. ,
NINETEEN-YEAR TOTALS
r It will be of interest to our members to read a few totals
sp covering the whole nineteen-year period of our work.
{ Patients registered from the beginning ...........,.,..,...,............... 26,036 A
Babies and toddlers .........i...................................... 10,904 g
School children ...................,......,.......,.....r.___......... 5,662 p
Total children ,...,.. . ....i...._.....,...._.,.,...,_._,__...., 16,566
Midwifery cases (reg.) delivered .,,.................................i..........l.. 5,598
Inoculations—Total ..... G ......................................,.,....................... 1 29,658 `
, Typhoid ...........,,...i................................................. 91,441 Q
T.A.T. or Toxoid .......................................... ; ....,.... 22,322 —
Other ..................l...............,..............................i.... 15,895
Nursing visits paid in homes ......................,...............................l. 345,784 ,
Visits received at doctors’ and nurses’ regular clinics ............ 323,476 ·‘
Visits received at doctors’ and nurses’ special clinics’*‘ ...,,...,.. ; 93,989
Patients admitted into the Hyden H0spital’*°* ............................ 6,746 ?
Number of days of occupation in Hyden Hospital°i"*‘ ................ 66,696 >
III -
BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1944-1945 5
The budget for the current fiscal year, voted on and passed
by the Executive Committee and the Board of Trustees at their
Twentieth Annual Meeting in Louisville, Kentucky, on May 25,
1944, is set at $109,000.00. This represents an increase of ’.‘ `
$5,000.00 over our annual budget for the last several years; This
increase was made necessary by the four following facts. p
First, the item called Feed, Care and Purchase of Horses, ,
which for years has cost only a little over $6,000.00 annually,
jumped during the past year to over $9,000.00. Oats, which
in 1943 were $2.73 per 96-lb. sack, had risen in 1944 to $3.44 a ·
sack. Corn, which in 1943 was $2.65 per 100-lb. sack, had risen {
"‘ in 1944 to $4.25 a sack. Hay, which in 1943 was $28.25 a ton {
* These include clinics held by visiting physicians in gynecology; neurology; eye, I
ear, nose and throat; tracoma; orthopedics; pediatrics; helminthology (Worms, in- A
cluding hook worm); and pellagra, Q'
** For 15 years and 6 months. The F. N. S. Hospital at Hyden was opened in thr I
fiscal year 1928-1929 and operated only six months in that year.

Q FRONTIER NURSING sicnvicm ia
(delivered to Hazard), had risen in 1944 to $32.30 a ton. The
I sum total of all these increases in price has added $3,000.00 to
l the cost of maintaining our horses. Our feed is bought through
j_ wholesale houses and our hay is bought in car-load lots direct
through the brokerage firms (skipping the wholesale houses)
~ and the price per ton is the price of delivery at Hazard in car-
{ load lots. Since we cannot do with less horses than we have
in constant use, we had to add $3,000.00 to the budget to cover
E the increased cost in their feed.
Second, the Executive Committee, at a meeting in Novem-
· ber 1943, decided to increase the insurance carried on all of the
; properties of the Frontier Nursing Service. This added another
Q $1,000.00 to the budget. ‘
Third, the figure we have carried in our former budgets
i for repair, upkeep, and replacements was set at $2,500.00 only.
In this year’s budget it is $3,850.00. Our properties are valued
conservatively by our auditors at $259,778.95. We cannot keep
_»_ them in a minimum state of repair for a figure as low as $2,500.00
N; which represents less than one per cent on the property valua-
tion.
Fourth, the exact cost of the cadets adds $1,350.00 to the
°i budget. In advance of their coming, half this cost was met by
5 a Trustee.
{ These are the reasons why there was an increase of
$5,000.00 in this year’s budget. In previous budgets we have
{ had an item of $1,600.00 for contingencies. We struck that
E; _ out of this budget since these contingencies practically always
“ occur in repairs and replacements. This brings the budget to
$109,000.00 as follows:
~ Field Salaries ..... I ................ * ...................................................... $ 59,000.00 ‘
. Field Expenses (General):
. 1. (Bulletin, stationery, stamps, printing and ap-
peals, auditing, advertising, telephone and tele-
1 graph, office supplies, etc.) ...,......,,.........._.__.__.,___._._ 8,000.00
Q 2. (Dispensary and Hospital supplies, freight and
° hauling, car expenses and gasoline, laundry,
{ fuel, etc.) .................................................................... 17,000.00
4 Feed, Care and Purchase of Horses ...................................... 9,000.00
Social Service Department ...................................................... 3,000.00
’ Repayment of Borrowed Money ....................,....................... 1,000.00 ,
» Insurance (Fire, Employer’s Liability, insurance on five
, ears, a station wagon and a truck) ............................ $ 2,600.00
1 Repairs, Upkeep and Replacements .................................... 3,850.00

_ 14 THE QUARTERLY BULLETIN V
Frontier Graduate School of Midwifery (scholarships) .... 3,200.00
Cadets (stipend, maintenance, and horse transport) ........ 1,350.00
Miscellaneous Promotional Expenses ‘ ia
; (Invitations, stamps, petty cash sent to outside city
committees for annual meetings and benefits, etc.) 1,000.00
TOTAL ................................................................................ $109,000.00
, V CONCLUSION
' The 3,460 friends of the Frontier Nursing Service who con-
’ tributed to its support during the past fiscal year will forgive ,
, the length`of this report because they will recognize that our
( only wish in writing so fully is to tell them what use we have
made of their money. Over a period of years, we have stressed
the two things that the Frontier Nursing Service most needs.
One is an increase in endowments. Our endowment income for
, __ the past several years has made it possible to balance our budget. (
' Added endowments, with their returns quarterly, would take {
care of increases in costs and unexpected demands. The sec- O
ond thing the need of which we stress is for at least two thous- ·
and more annual subscribers of small sums from our basic
two-dollar-a-year membership on up. Two thousand additional i
subscribers who averaged five dollars each annually would .p
bring in ten thousand dollars a year. It is just that last ten
thousand dollars that we find it so terribly hard to secure in ._
times like these. O
We have operated so long under remotely rural conditions
and have had to balance costs so carefully that we know how {
to get the value out of each dollar and how to cut our expendi- ,.
tures to the bare bone. Ours is a field of philanthropy unique in _.
American life. It covers a vast area of rugged country and cares Y
for many thousands of people who have no other care. In addi-
tion, it trains skilled workers for other rural fields of work and ‘
` entertains people from all over the world who want to study i—
such work at first-hand. It is like a great university extension g i
`in public health, medical, nursing, and hospital care, in