xt7wwp9t4x79 https://exploreuk.uky.edu/dips/xt7wwp9t4x79/data/mets.xml Kentucky. Department of Education. Kentucky Kentucky. Department of Education. 1938-01 volumes: illustrations 23-28 cm. call numbers 17-ED83 2 and L152 .B35. bulletins  English Frankford, Ky. : Dept. of Education  This digital resource may be freely searched and displayed in accordance with U. S. copyright laws. Educational Bulletin (Frankfort, Ky.) Education -- Kentucky Educational Bulletin (Frankfort, Ky.), "Organization and Administration of Teacher Education", vol. V, no. 11, January 1938 text Educational Bulletin (Frankfort, Ky.), "Organization and Administration of Teacher Education", vol. V, no. 11, January 1938 1938 1938-01 2021 true xt7wwp9t4x79 section xt7wwp9t4x79   
   

I. Commonwealth of Kentucky 0

EDUCATIONAL BULLETIN
I .—

 

 

 

 

 

OROANIZATION AND ,
ADMINISTRATION OF

TEACHER EDUCATION

LIBRARY

 

Published by

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

H. W. PETERS ‘
Superintendent of Public Instruction I

 

 

 

 

 

ISSUED MONTHLY

Entered as second-class matter March 21, 1933, at the post office at
Frankfort, Kentucky, under the Act of August 24, 1912.

0L V JanUaTy{:]9___378_i ,- No. II

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FOREWORD

In 1934 the Legislature provided for the unification of its pro-
gram of teacher education and certification. The work of unifying
these programs was assigned to the Council on Public Higher Edu-
cation, the State Board of Education, and the Superintendent of
Public Instruction. The Council prescribes curricula for the edu-
cation of teachers; the State Board approves these curricula and
makes rules for their administration, and the Superintendent of
Public Instruction directs the administration of the laws and regu-
lations. For the purpose of administering teacher training and
certification, a division is set up in the Department of Education,
under a director and assistants.

Laws passed in 1984 became effective on September 1, 1935.
Since that time, effort has been made by all concerned with the
administration of teacher training and certification to make the
transition from the old laws to the new laws free from undue hard-
ship upon applicants for certificates, and upon teacher training
institutions. Through the fine cooperation which has existed
between institutions of higher learning and the State Depart-
ment of Education, undue hardship has not been placed on any one.

Since the publication of Educational Bulletin Vol. III, Number
7 in September, 1935, and Certification Leaflet Number 1, January,
1937, certain adjustments have been made in the regulations for
training and certification of teachers and it is necessary that these
modifications be in the hands of school people. With this in mind,
I asked Richard E. Jaggers to take the lead in the preparation of
this Bulletin.

'My best Wishes to you for the New Year.

H. W. PETERS,
Superintendent of Public Instruction.

 

[Part

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[Part 1.

II.

III.
IV.

VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.

Part 2.

II.
III.

IV.

VI.
[ ‘ VII.

VIII.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  
 

 

 

 

 

 

Page
THE EDUCATION OF TEACHERS
Legal Provisions for Training and Certification of Teachers... 12
Regulations for Filing Curricula upon which Certificates are
Issued 17
Regulations Relating to Correspondence and Extension Work... 18
Regulations Relating to Summer Session Load .................... 20
Regulations Relating to Critic Teachers ............. 20
Regulations Relating to Level of Student Teaching 22
Regulations Relating to Standards for Training Schools ............ 23
Regulations Relating to Amount of Student Teaching ................ 23
Regulations Relating to Admission to Training School ............ 23
Regulations Relating to the Transfer of Credits ............................ 24
Regulations Relating to College Levels .......................................... 24
Accredited Colleges 25
THE ISSUANCE AND RENEWAL OF CERTIFICATES ............ 27
General Information About Certificates ............................. . 29
Regulations Relating to Application for Certificates .................... 32
Regulations for Issuing and Renewing Certificates for Teach-
ing in the Elementary Grades .................................................... 33
Regulations for Issuing and Renewing Certificates for Teach-
ing in the High Schools ...... 36
Regulations for Issuing and Renewing Certificates in Admin-
istration and Supervision 39
Regulations for Special Certificates ................................................ 41
Regulations for the Renewal of Certificates Issued by the State
Department of Education under Laws in Effect before
Sept. 1, 1935 46
Regulations for Renewal of Certificates Issued by State Col-
leges before Sept. 1, 1935 49

 

  

  

PART ONE

THE EDUCATION OF TEACHERS

 

  

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KENTUCKY’S PROGRAM 0F TEACHER EDUCATION

The education of children is the obligation of the State. If
this function is to be carried out effectively the schools must be
available to all children in every part of the State. The problem
involves housing, organizing, equipping, financing, and staffing the
schools so that maximum service may be rendered With reasonable
economy. This Bulletin deals with the State’s problem of pro—
viding a professional staff for the schools.

Provision for Teacher Education—In providing for the edu-
cation of teachers, the State should take such steps as are necessary
Within the limits of its ability. It may set up institutions of higher
learning through which it may provide the quality and quantity of
training for a sufficient number of persons to maintain its program;
or, if the State can not provide facilities for the education of an
adequate number of teachers, it may depend upon non-state schools
within the State or upon schools in other states for part of its
supply.

The State of Kentucky has not provided adequate facilities for
the education of a sufficient number of teachers for the schools,
but depends upon non-state schools for a large percentage of its
teachers. Although the State does not provide facilities for the
education of all its teachers, laws and regulations have been passed
which tend to safe-guard the interests of children and to guarantee
that the education of children shall be under the leadership of a
competent personnel.

Council on Public Higher Education—The Council on Public
Higher Education was set up in 1934 and was given the power to
prescribe quality and quantity of training necessary for the edu-
cation of teachers. The curricula prescribed by the Council on
Public Higher Education must be approved by the State Board of
Education before they become effective as the bases of training
teachers. Each college desiring to provide education for teaching
in the public schools must file detailed curricula with the State
Board of Education. If the curricula meet the standards prescribed
and if the institution filing such curricula has provided facilities for
carrying out the program, then the institution is approved for
educating teachers. The Superintendent of Public Instruction,
through his professional assistants, is the agent of the Council on

7

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

Public Higher Education and the State Board of Education in
achieving the State’s objectives in the education of teachers
Teacher Education Curricula—The curricula for the education
of teachers in Kentucky provide that (1) the teacher should have
wide general knowledge of the major areas of human experiences
through contact with English, sciences, social sciences, languages,
mathematics, fine arts and health; (2) the teacher should have

, adequate knowledge within the fields in which he is to work; and

(3) the teacher should understand children and how they learn.
The understanding of children involves (1) the study of individual
behavior through courses in the psychologies, (2) experiences in
how to select, classify and organize learning materials in terms
of child interests and aptitudes at the diflerent age levels, and
(3) actual experiences in a laboratory school observing and teach-
ing children.

Upon the basis of this conception of what the education of a
teacher should be, those who are now issued certificates to teach
at any level, have had well-rounded training. The elementry
teacher has had definite courses not only in the liberal arts fields
but also in art, music, physical education, and health. A secondary
teacher is certificated to teach only on condition that he has com-
pleted a curriculum which trains for the position he is to hold.

Laboratory Schools—In its attempt to safe-guard the children
of the Commonwealth from incompetent persons the State has
maintained high standards for the laboratory schools in which
the final test is givento a student ’s fitness to enter teaching. The
State demands that a laboratory school (or training school) shall
be a good school for children to attend, where learning may take
place effectively, and where prospective teachers may profit through
observation of, and participation in, the learning programs. This
calls ,for a trained critic teacher and an abundance of learning
materials. No person is permitted to direct student teaching at
any level unless he has at least been graduated from a standard
four-year college, and has completed courses designed to prepare
for the specific task to be performed.

The colleges, State and non-state, are trying to live up to the
high standards prescribed for schools in which student teaching is
done. N0 college has employed a critic teacher whose education
does not meet the minimum standard prescribed by the State and
about 50 per cent have employed critics whose training far exceeds
the minimum.

The Problem of Teacher Selection—The organization of the

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teacher training program has made considerable advancement since
1934. There is still ahead the many problems involved in keeping
the program adjusted to the needs of the children of the State.
Probably the major task now confronting the State in its teacher
education program is the selection and guidance of prospective
teachers so that undesirable persons may not enter teaching and
desirable persons may be encouraged to enter teaching and con-
tinue in the profession.

Those Who are engaged in the education of teachers for the
schools of the Commonwealth are faced, (l), with the problems of
selection for training those persons who offer promise as teachers
and guiding them into suitable training curricula, and (2) with
the problem of guiding out of teacher training curricula those who
are in college, but who offer little or no promise as teachers.

Selecting Prospective Teachers—In an attempt to keep from
the teaching field those who are below average in ability (as
measured by achievement) the State Board of Education, in setting
up regulations for approving teacher training curricula, requires
that any person admitted to the training school, shall have attained
“a scholastic standing of one, or ‘C’, in all courses completed
at the time the student teaching begins”. In addition, the State
Board has prescribed certain amounts of subject matter courses
and professional courses as pre-requisites to student teaching.

There are other quantitative measures of fitneSS for teaching
which have not been mentioned in the regulations, and a number of
qualitative measures which have not been included. Whether the
Council on Public Higher Education and the State Board of Edu-
cation should legislate upon the quantitative and qualitative meas-
ures of fitness for teaching is questionable. Until the individual
colleges have studied the problems in considerable detail, it is
probably unwise to set up state-Wide standards. After thoughtful
Study has been given to the problem of student-selection for teach-
ing by a committee of the faculty in each college, and after the
results of the work of individual college committees have been
brought together through a State Committee, it is probable that
a general program of student selection can be adopted for the
State as a whole.

In-Service Selection and Guidance—What measures to use in
the selection of persons to pursue certain curricula have neVer
been agreed upon to any great extent. Generally, there is agreement
that ability level should be one measure of fitness and health should
be another, but beyond this little has been agreed upon. As the

9

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

matter now stands, our measures of fitness are applied near the
time when the student is completing his work instead of being
applied near the beginning of his work as a student. Under present
regulations, a person may pursue a curriculum until he has entered
the last semester of his senior year in college and then be denied the
right to enter a laboratory school for directed teaching, a course
without which he cannot be certificated. This is socially unsound.
We should have some evidence, earlier in his career as a student,
to justify us in guiding him out of the teaching profession for which
he holds little promise, and into a profession or vocation in which
there is some promise.

In-Training Guidance should be invoked the day a student
matriculates and his abilities, aptitudes and needs should be studied
by persons on the teaching stafi with whom he comes in contact
in his college life. Genuine interest in each student will help a
faculty to find out whether he should continue to pursue curricula
leading to teaching and if a student is not a suitable prospect for
the teaching profession, such study will furnish a basis for guiding
him into a field for which he is suited and which offers opportunity
for personal happiness and economic security.

It is important that a student be informed as far as is possible
What teaching areas offer greatest promise of employment. Of
course, the basic consideration in the choice of a teaching field at
a given school level should be that of interest in that field and an
aptitude for the particular type of work. Second to this, however,
should be the evidence of a need for teachers in the field of the
student’s choice. In order that the student may be informed regard-
ing the fields in which his services as a teacher may be needed, it is
important that there be a continuing study of teacher turnover in
the service area of each college engaged in teacher education.

A student—in-training for teaching should be under the constant
observation of his instructors in order to determine whether—

1. He is genuinely interested in teaching.

He respects teaching as a profession.

He has an aptitude for the work he has chosen.
He has planned to procure the necessary training to become a
superior teacher.

He is fitted by temperament to stimulate learning.
He has the capacity for attaining sufficient poise.
He is healthy in body.

He has at least normal mental capacity.

He is interested in learning.

10. He speaks correct English.

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Manifestations of these characteristics should be observed While
the prospective teacher is in training. His college life should place
him under conditions in which these characteristics may be observed.

Every institution of higher learniug‘which has a program for
the education of teachers should appoint a committee of 1ts faculty
to formulate criteria for the selection and guidance of prospectlve

teachers.

11

  

I. LEGAL PROVISIONS FOR TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION
OF TEACHERS.

1. Certification Authority. (Section 4502-1 Kentucky Statutes.)
—The certification of all superintendents, principals, teachers, super-
visors, attendance officers, and other administrative, supervisory, or
instructional employees shall be vested in the State Board of
lducation. All certificates provided for by this act: and that may
be issued under this act shall be issued in accordance with the
published rules and regulations of the State Board of Education
through. its executive officer, the Superintendent of Public Instruc-
tion. Certificates shall be issued, reissued, and renewed to former
students, students and graduates of the State Teachers’ Colleges
of Kentucky for white persons and of the College of Education of
the University of Kentucky upon the basis of the completion of
curricula prescribed by the Council on Public Higher Education
for each or any of the certificates provided for herein or as may
hereafter be provided by law, and the curricula when so prescribed
may be approved by the State Board of Education.

Certificates shall be issued to the former students, students and
graduates of the two State Institutions for colored persons in
accordance with law and in accordance with the rules and regu-
lations of the State Board of Education.

The State Board of Education is hereby authorized and directed
to approve the curricula of any standard college or university, or
of any department thereof for the training of teachers, when the
curricula comply with the rules and regulations of the State Board
of Education and when the institution shall have curricula equiva-
lent to any or all the curricula prescribed for the State Institutions
for any of the certificates for teaching issued to students of such
schools and as shall have otherwise met the terms and conditions
as hereinafter provided. Any student of such institution who shall
have completed any of these curricula or the equivalent thereof, as
approved by the State Board of Education, and who in addition
thereto shall have completed the prescribed requirements for the
issuance of certificates for teaching to students of the State institu-
tions may, by the State Board of Education, be granted a certifi-
cate for teaching of the same validity and tenure as certificates
which are issued to students completing like requirements in the
State Institutions. (1934, c. 65, p. 295.)

 

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2. Council on Public Higher Education. Council created (Section
4527-1, Kentucky Statutes.)——For the purpose of coordinating the
work of public higher education in this Commonwealth, there is
hereby created a Council on Public Higher Education in Kentucky.

(1934, c. 65, p. 817.)

3. Membership of Council. (4527-2, Kentucky Statutes.)#-The
Council 011 Public Higher Education shall be composed of the
following members: The president or chief executive officer of each
of the following institutions of higher learning for white persons——
the University of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky State Teachers Col-
lege, Western Kentucky State Teachers College, Murray State
Teachers College, and Morehead State Teachers College; a member,
other than the Superintendent of Public Instruction, of the board of
regents of each of the four above mentioned state teachers’ colleges,
said member to be selected by the board of regents of each teachers’
college; three appointive members of the board of trustees of the
University of Kentucky to be selected by the board of trustees of
said University; two lay members of the State Board of Education
to be selected by the State Board of Education; the dean of the
College of Education of the University of Kentucky; and the
Superintendent of Public Instruction of the Commonwealth, who
shall be ex-ofi'icio chairman of the Council. When the Council
shall meet to consider curricula for teacher training, three persons
who are from accredited institutions of higher learning, who are
not members of the Council, and who have been appointed by the
Executive Committee of the Association of Kentucky Colleges and
Universities, shall be invited to meet with the Council in an advisory
capacity. (1934, c. 65, p. 317.)

4. Powers, Duties, and Functions of Council. (Section 45273
Kentucky Statutes.) This Council of sixteen members shall be
known as the Council 011 Public Higher Education in Kentucky.
It shall be the duty of the Council on Public Higher Education in
Kentucky, and it shall have power:

a) To coordinate the work and determine the curricula offer-
ings of the five public institutions of higher learning, for white
persons in Kentucky; namely, the University of Kentucky, Eastern
Kentucky State Teachers College, Western Kentucky State Teachers
College, Murray State Teachers College, and Morhead State Teachers
College, on the basis of efficiency and economy.

1)) To determine the amount of entrance fees and the qualifi-
cations for admission to each of the above mentioned institutions
of higher learning for white persons.

13

  

 

c) To consider the budgetary requirements of each of the
above mentioned institutions of higher learning in Kentucky and,
on the basis of the needs of the various institutions, as indicated by
the individual budget submitted, to recommend to the state budget
committee or other proper authority a budget covering the needs
of the five institutions.

(1) To require such reports from the executive officers of each
of the above mentioned institutions of higher learning as it may
deem necessary for the effectual performance of its duties.

0) To publish at least biennially a report of. the educational
and financial affairs of the five institutions of higher learning for
white persons maintained by the Commonwealth.

f) To elect, if it deems necessary, a part-time or a full-time
secretary. (1934, c. 65, p. 818.)

5. General Provisions Relating to Certification.

a. Publication of State Board Rules and Regulations. (Section
4502—12, Kentucky Statutes.)—The State Board of Education, upon
the recommendation of the Superintendent of Public Instruction,
shall from time to time publish bulletins containing information on
the kinds and grades of certificates issued; the rules and regu-
lations governing the issuance of each kind and grade of certificate
issued, schools offering teacher-training courses, the renewal of
certificates, the transfer of certificates to and from other states
the acceptance of credentials from institutions of other states, and
such other information relating to the training and certification of
teachers as it deems advisable. (1934, c. 65, p. 303.)

b. Maintenance of Practice Schools. (Section 4527—50, Ken-
tucky Statutes.)"l‘he board of regents of each of the four state
teachers ’ colleges may maintain in connection with the said teachers’
colleges, a model and practice school, under the supervision of
thoroughly trained teachers for the purpose of giving observation
and practice work to the student teachers. (1934, c. 65, p. 337.)

0. Definition of Standard College or University. (Section 4502-
2, Kentucky Statutes.)—An institution Which is a member of the
Association of Colleges and Universities of the Southern States
or the American Association of Teachers Colleges or the Kentucky
Association of Colleges and Universities or which may be recognized
as an accredited four-year institution by the University of Ken-
tucky shall be deemed a standard college or university in the mean-
ing of this act.

d. Definition of Standard Graduate Work. (Section 4502-27
Kentucky Statutes.)——«Standard college or university work of grad-

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uate grade shall be interpreted to mean approved work in an institu-
tion belonging to any of the accrediting agencies set out herein and
which institution has a program of work extending beyond four
years of college or university work.

e. Definition of Semester Hour. (Section 4502-2, Kentucky
Statutes.)—Within the meaning of this act, a semester shall consist
of eighteen weeks (one-half year) of standard college or university
work, and a semester hour shall consist of one academic or college
hour per week for one semester. (1934, c. 65, p. 297.)

f, General Qualifications for Certificates. (Section 4502-11, Ken-
tucky Statutes.)—No person shall receive or hold any certificate
provided for in this act who does not present evidence of a good
moral character, or who is under eighteen years of age; and no one
shall be eligible to hold any public school position for which certifi-
cates may be issued, or receive salary for services rendered in such
position, who does not hold a certificate of legal qualifications for
such position. (1934, c. 65, p. 303.)

g. Who Shall Hold Certificates. (Section 4502-10, Kentucky
Statutes.)—Each superintendent, principal, teacher, supervisor,
attendance officer, or other administrative, supervisory, or instruc-
tional employee of a public or common school shall hold the kind
and grade of certificate provided by law, for qualifying such person
to hold such position. (1934, c. 65, p. 303.)

h. Fees for Certificates. (Section 4502-8, Kentucky Statutes.)
——A fee of two dollars ($2) shall be paid for each issuance of a
certificate and a fee of one dollar ($1) for each renewal or con-
version from lower to higher grade. Fees thus collected shall be
used toward defraying operating expenses of the Division of Teacher
Training and Certification of the State Department of Education.
(1934, c. 65, p. 302.)

i. Kinds of Certificates Issued. (Section 4502-3, Kentucky Stat-
utes.)——There shall be issued the following kinds of certificates,
namely, elementary certificate, high school certificate, and certificate
in administration and supervision. Attendance officer certificates
and emergency certificates may be issued as hereinafter provided.

3'. Effective data—The provisions of Section 4502-3, Chapter
VIII (of this act, shall become effective on and after September 1,
1935, and until this date certificates shall be issued in accordance
With Sections 7, 8, 9, Chapter 86, Acts of 1926, as amended by
Chapter 70, Acts of 1932.

k. Certification of Attendance Officers. (Section 4502-4, Ken-
tucky Statutes.)—The State Board of Education, upon the recom-
mendation of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, shall pre-

15

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pare rules and regulations providing for the certification of atten.
dance officers. (1934, e. 65, p. 301.)

1. Emergency Certificates. (Section 4502—5, Kentucky Statutes.)
—When a district board of education shall satisfy the State Board
of Education that it is impossible to secure qualified teachers for a
position. or positions in the school under the control of such district
board of education, the State Board of Education may, on approval
of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, issue emergency cep.
tificates to persons who meet the qualifications which the State
Board of Education shall determine for emergency certificates. An
emergency certificate shall be valid only for the specific job for
which issued and for the current school term.

The State Board of Education, may at its discretion, require the
passing of a written examination before such emergency certificate
shall be issued. In case an examination is used, it shall be pre-
pared and administered and the papers graded in the State Depart-
ment of Education under the direction of the Superintendent of
Public Instruction, in accordance with the rules and regulations
approved by the State Board of Education for such examinations.
(1934:, c. 65, p. 301.)

in. The Renewal of Certificates. (Section 4502-7, Kentucky
Statutes.)—Certificates lower than the standard provided for in this
act may be raised to a higher grade only by completing in a stand-
ard college or university the amount of academic and professional
work prescribed for such renewal or for such, higher grade certifi-
cate. (1984, c. 65, p. 302.)

n. Certificates of Former Issue. (Section 4502-6, Kentucky
Statutes.)—The validity of any certificate or license in force at
the time this act goes into effect shall not be inniaired by this act,
and such certificate or license shall be reissued or renewed in
accordance with the terms of the law applying at the date of issue.
(1934, c. 65, p. 802.)

0. Power to Revoke Certificates. (Section 4502-9, Kentucky
Statutes.)—The State Board of Education may, on the written
recommendation of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, revoke,
for immorality, misconduct in office, incompetency, 0r wilful neglect
of duty, any certificate issued under this act, or any certificate 01'
license issued under any previous act, to superintemlents, principals,
teachers, supervisors, attendance, officers, or other administrative
supervisory, or instructional employees, after giving the defendant
3. copy of the charges against him and an opportunity upon not
less than ten days’ notice, of being heard in person or by Counsel.
(1934, c. 65, p. 302.)

16

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11, REGULATIONS FOR FILING CURRICULA UPON WHICH
CERTIFICATES ARE ISSUED

1. Each college or university offering curricula for the prep-
aration of teachers shall file a copy of each curriculum offered with
the State Board of Education before the date said curriculum is to
be offered, which curriculum shall be submitted on forms prepared
by the Superintendent of Public Instruction and approved by the
State Board of Education.

2. The State Board of Education through the Superintendent
of Public Instruction shall examine each curriculum for the prepara-
tion of teachers filed by a state institution for higher education,
and if any curriculum filed in accordance with the regulations of
the State Board of Education meets the requirements prescribed by
the Council on Public Higher Education it shall be approved.

3. The State Board of Education through the Superintendent
of Public Instruction shall examine curricula filed by private and
municipal colleges and universities for the training of teachers, and
when a curriculum filed in accordance with the regulations of the
State Board of Education meets the requirements prescribed by the
Council of Public Higher Education for state institutions of higher
education and is equivalent to a curriculum approved for state in-
stitutions of higher education, and when it otherwise meets the
requirements of law and the regulations of the State Board of
Education it shall be approved.

4. The State Board of Education through the Superintendent
of Public Instruction shall examine curricula filed by the two state
institutions of higher education for colored persons, and if a curric-
ulum filed in accordance with law and the regulation of the State
Board of Education is equivalent to a curriculum approved by the
State Board of Education for the preparation of teachers for White
schools it shall be approved.

5. When a curriculum has been approved by the State Board
Of Education for the preparation of teachers and administrators it
shall become the basis for the issuance of the certificate for which it
is designed to prepare.

6. Each curriculum filed for the approval of the State Board
of Education shall give the catalogue number and catalogue descrip-
tion of each course included, the number of semester hours assigned

17

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

to each course, and such other information'as may be required to
administer the program.

7. No college or university may offer curricula for the prepare.
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