W
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1989 program 2 :2,_ g Fifteenth Annual
. 0
w
_ (a g. a Symposrum on
AM. IM.  3 e. g
. 9:00 Registration and CoffeeRoom I31, Chemistry- [2:15 Lunch, Faculty Club E5 q (D .
Physics Building (See enclosed card) 7: O a
9:30 Welcome by President David P. Roselle, University 15 R. Mark Wightman, < ; O em] r
at dertucky, Room 139, Chemistry-Physics Indiana university g 9 an
u n
3 Detection of Neurotransmitters 8 Et- 3-
9:35 introductory Remarks with Voltammetry" O 0 (an
940 Garry A' Rechnltz, Neurotransmitters are small molecules which are secreted 9g (7'
University of Delaware by neurons to provide information to adjacent neurons. They 0 Pi-
Molecular Recognition Elements provide the major route of communication between neurons 0 Q
for Blosensor Design" in the brain. Some of these neurotransmitters such as dopam g
The needs of biotechnology and biomedicine require ine. serotonin and norepinephrine are easily oxidized and thus
improved measurement devices for purposes of analysis. can be detected byfvoltammetry. We have developed carbon
monitoring, and control, with specific applications in fermen- fiber electrodes W {eh have a radius Of ~lohm Wh'eh can be
tation. antibody production, drug testing. and patient mon- inserted into the brain for such measurements. Theielectrod'es
itoring. Electrochemical biosensors provide a possible means are coated w'th polymer films to reject eiectroactive speCIes .
of meeting such needs if the capabilities of such sensors can which are not neurotransmitters. In the brain of anesthetized
be extended to a wider range of biomolecules and more rats dopamine has been detected atsubmicromolarlevels and
complex matrices. Several recent initiatives suggest that some W'ih subsecond time resolution. The measurements are suf
new approaches to the development of potentiometric and ficiently fast that the kinetics and mechanism of the factors
amperometric biosensors may be effective for this purpose. Wh'eh regulate dopamine concentration 'h the spaces
Such initiatives for the development of novel biosensors between neurons can be determined. These techniques can
require a synthesis of biological and analytical concepts. be used to unravel the he? Of various drugs on dopamine
Possible strategies involve the use of chemoreceptor struc- heUTOtrahsm'SS'Oh' The technique can also be combined Y'th
tures. immunoagents, and cellular materials from plant or thoiselusted bly eieetrtf'ogogse to correlate the chemical
animal sources a eec ca ac 'V'tyo e m established in the memory of
'0'40 3m" 215 Break Anna S. Naff
10:50 IEIOII'IE s_ schqu, 2:30 Lemuel B. Wlngard,
. University of Pittsburgh University Of Pittsburgh .___
Optical Fiber Blosensors" fyegiOEEhiimer Structures A
r rs
Recent advances in biosensor development have been . . B 0' O 0 OS 0 EON Os 0 O OROS
. made possible by utilizing optical wave guides which provide The development 0f biosensors that have unique advan-
the potential for miniaturization of spectrophotometric ana- tages over alternative sensing schemes may require more   - I
Iytical methods for very small samples and for the monitoring innovative. approaches for the deSIgn and fabrication Of the
of biochemical analytes online. There are some inherent blorecognihontransduction Interface. Two such approaches
advantages to spectrophotometry. uorometry and light being Investigated in this laboratory and elsewhere are 1) the (
scattering for analytical purposes because of the higher incorporation of neuroreceptor elements as components of S P E A K E, R S
information content of optical domain compared to electro- biosensors and 2) the synthe5is of molecular Wires for direct
chemical phenomena. Thus, spectral features, i.e. absorption electron transfer between the analyte and the electrode .
or uorescence at selective frequencies, provide additional Ziiieieglzhgi iii/Eran.[Insuroreceptorksystms 2! _be Carry A. RCChnltZ
degrees of freedom to characterize and quantify a given h g P ' W' e on our wor _'h c arac enzmg
analyte within amixture of other substances. In addition. new and Ctlon'ngd the Sage for tTEtNt/O sufbunits (if the GABA Jerome S- SChUItZ
develo ments in membranes. molecular biolo and cellular recep or an our 5 sequen 5 ra egy or even ua incorpo~ '
biologyphave made possible a new generatiogiyof miniature ration of this ion channel receptorin abiosensor configuration. R Mark nghtman
biosensors which are sensitive (fiber optics), selective (biore- OU': work YVlth aw" cofactors and electron transfer with the Lemuel B. Wingard
ceptors), and protected from the environment (membranes). aVin or With glucose OXIdase immobilized on an electrode
We have utilized these technologies for the development surface also W1 be discussed.
of continuous biosensors which have immunoassay-like prop- 3:30 Informal Discussion, Room 137, Chemistry-
erties. Bioreceptors are entrapped within a miniature hollow Physics Building
dialysis fibelr alo1ng With an afgprgpriattfe tflucarescently labeied We encourage symposium participants. especially students, 
aria yteana 0g. eextento in ingo t e uorescentana 0g to take this 0 ortuni to meet with the s eakers. '
to the bioreceptor is inversely related to the external analyte pp ty p Monday, April 24, 1989
concentration. and is measured by an optical fiber based Department Of Chemistry
spectrouorimeter. The system is reagentless, in the sense - -
that all the reactive components are conserved and no UanElSlty Of KentUCky
renewal of reagents are needed for each assay. Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055